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This show is really exciting and interesting.  Competitors in the show are all kids. My favorite performance in the show is

when one of the competitors Joshua Regala sang "You Are the Reason" with his mom on the stage. He is very thankful that his mom always stand by his side and support his dream to be a singer.

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Queer Eye is an inspiring show. In each episode, the "Fab Five" spend a week applying their expertise to help some individual—that episode's "hero"—to improve their lifestyle and achieve better satisfaction in their life. It's great to witness every guess to gain back their faith.

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The movie describes an adult Christopher Robin, who is now focused on his new life, work, and family, suddenly meets his old friend Winnie the Pooh, who returns to his unforgotten childhood past to help him return to the Hundred Acre Wood and help find Pooh's lost friends. The movie reminds me not to lose a kid at heart when I grow up.

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The movie describes a teenage Cady Heron (Lindsay Lohan) was educated in Africa by her scientist parents. When her family moves to the suburbs of Illinois, Cady finally gets to experience public school and gets a quick primer on the cruel, tacit laws of popularity that divide her fellow students into tightly knit cliques. I want to watch this movie is because my sister loves it very much. But in my opinion, it's just a classic America teen film.

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This book describes an adventurous boy named Tom Sawyer lived with his Aunt Polly and his half-brother, Sid, in the Mississippi River town of St. Petersburg. One day, after accidently witness the murder of young Dr. Robinson by Injun Joe, fearing that the murderer would find out that they have witnessed, Tom and his friends decided to run away to an island to become pirates. It's interesting to watch the original novel because I have watch the anime version when I was a kid. Tom's childhood is so different from us and he is really a brave person.

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Ashley is my favorite american youtuber. She move to NYC 2 month ago and meet three interesting roommates. Their
interactive is really funny in the video.

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Sydney is another youtuber that I like very much too. It's interesting to watch a day in college at America. There are lots of different between my college life and her college life.

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There are lot of ad from Instagram, and it is an interesting idea to really buy it, the video is very amusing.

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I BOUGHT EVERY INSTAGRAM ADVERT FOR A WEEK... IS IT A SCAM!?

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Although her college life is different from me. But what she said in the video still makes me think a lot.

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college was not the best 4 years of my life. and that's okay.

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How to build your confidence -- and spark it in others | Brittany Packnett

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How to build your confidence -- and spark it in others | Brittany Packnett

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"Confidence is the necessary spark before everything that follows," says educator and activist Brittany Packnett. I learn that accepting your strengths and weaknesses for what they are empowers you to level up – to take your abilities and learnings to the next level, being confident enough in your capabilities to trust that you can do so and be successful in the process.

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How to build your confidence -- and spark it in others | Brittany Packnett Cunningham

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Facebook's role in Brexit — and the threat to democracy | Carole Cadwalladr

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Facebook's role in Brexit — and the threat to democracy | Carole Cadwalladr

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Social media plays an important role in our life. But it cause lots of problems that we can't ignore. It's time for everyone to rethink how can we protect ourselves from the internet or social media.

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Facebook's role in Brexit — and the threat to democracy | Carole Cadwalladr

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We don't "move on" from grief. We move forward with it | Nora McInerny

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We don't "move on" from grief. We move forward with it | Nora McInerny

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From the talk I learn that you can’t rush your grief, so allow yourself as much time as you need to process your feelings surrounding the loss. Whether it’s finishing a project your loved one was working on or volunteering at their favorite charity, there are ways to fill up your time that can help you cope. And while you can never replace the absence left by someone you loved and cared for, you can fill your life with purpose in his or her honor to help you feel happy again.

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We don't "move on" from grief. We move forward with it | Nora McInerny

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This message is so important these days, when we have a hyper focus on 'being healthy' and are hearing what we need to do to keep from getting sick.  We have commercials about wearing masks, washing hands, getting vaccines, but so little about the most important aspect, our own immune system health.  Clearly, sleep is at the forefront to maintaining our health and well being.

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Sleep Is Your Superpower | Matt Walker | TED

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US cities are losing 36 million trees a year. Here's why it matters and how you can stop it

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US cities are losing 36 million trees a year. Here's why it matters and how you can stop it

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The deforestation of forest may cause a lots of problems to our daily life. So it's important to know how can we slow down the process.

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US cities are losing 36 million trees a year. Here’s why it matters and how you can stop it | CNN

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If you’re looking for a reason to care about tree loss, this summer’s record-breaking heat waves might be it. Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as ten degrees Fahrenheit and lower energy costs. Here’s how you can help.

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Japan's best castles to visit at least once

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Japan's best castles to visit at least once

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Due to the corona, we can't travel aboard now, I would like to visit Japan again in the future. There are many beautiful views wait for me to discover.

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(CNN) - During Japan's Sengoku "Warring States" era (1467-1615), castles were constructed, bolstered and fortified all across the Japanese archipelago, resulting in approximately 5,000 individual keeps.

Though many were razed at the behest of the Tokugawa Shogunate during the Edo period (1603-1868) and subsequently following the Meiji Restoration of 1868, when power was restored to the emperor, over a hundred remain throughout the country today.

Here are some of Japan's best castles that you can still visit.

Surmounting a hill in Aomori prefecture, in the heart of Japan's deep north, sits Hirosaki Castle; a tiered keep surrounded by yaruga (turrets) and fortified moats.

With construction finishing in 1611, the castle was built as Japan was entering a prolonged period of peace under the Tokugawa Shogunate, and as such, never bore the brunt of siege or invasion.

The original five-story tenshu (main keep) was destroyed, however, after it was struck by lightning in 1627, being replaced in the early 19th-century by the three-story structure visible today.

Alongside the striking feudal architecture, spring sakura (cherry blossom) season is a major draw for travelers to Hirosaki Castle. More than 2,600 sakura tress dot the castle gardens, scattering their petals on the across the adjacent lawns and moats every spring.

Elevated above Naha City and surrounded by brooding, fortified walls, Okinawa's Shuri-jo Castle is emblematic of the gusuku castle style of the old Ryukyu Kingdom (the former name of Okinawa).

Its construction defies the architectural blueprint of castles seen elsewhere in Japan, with a royal wooden citadel of rich vermillion, emblazoned with dragons and Chinese iconography -- which hint at Okinawa's pre-nation-state influences.

When Shuri-jo was first constructed in the 14th century, it was the seat of power in the Ryukyu Kingdom until Japan annexed the Okinawa islands in 1879. Before it was neglected under imperial rule, it served as the kingdom's center of diplomacy, governance and spirituality for centuries.

Though it was restored and ultimately designated a UNESCO World Heritage site, Shuri Castle was tragically destroyed in a large fire in 2019. Reconstruction is currently underway with a view to faithfully restoring the main buildings once more by 2026.

Edo Castle, bearing the former name of Tokyo, has one of the longest lineages of all Japan's castles. A fortified palace was first erected on the site during the Heian period (794-1185). The samurai Ota Dokan then designed a fortress to replace the palace in 1457, before influential daimyo (feudal lord) Tokugawa Ieyasu subsumed control in the late 16th century.

This acted as the catalyst for sweeping architectural renovations and massive urban expansion, turning Edo from a small, fortified village to the defacto capital of the nation, embodied by the grand castle at its center point.

Edo Castle was huge in its prime, surrounded by a 15-kilometer outer moat crossed by over 30 gates and bridges.

Remnants of the original structures can be found throughout Tokyo, though the Imperial Palace, home of the current emperor, is the best place to get a sense of its former glory. Sections of the grounds are off limits, but the pristine Imperial Palace East Gardens are open to the strolling public.

Constructed in the 16th century at the behest of Japan's "Great Unifier," Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the black-walled Matusmoto Castle juxtaposes against the snow-crowned Northern Alps encircling Matsumoto City.

Also known as Karasu-jo (the Crow Castle), it was largely spared destruction and retains one of the nation's oldest extant keeps.

Matsumoto Castle exhibits the architecture of both war and peace, from its steep wooden stairs, hidden inner levels and archer's perches to the moon-viewing room added in 1630, which also offers a vantage point for viewing the brocaded carps and ducks residing in the castle moat.

On winter nights the castle hosts an illumination event, throwing its glowing reflection across the moat's surface.

In Aichi's thriving capital city, Nagoya, you'll find the eponymous Nagoya Castle, whose regal towers overlook the gardens and moats below.

Upon instruction from the Shogun, Nagoya Castle was built as an administrative center during the early Edo period, following an era of nearly 150 years of interstate warfare. Conflict would come for the castle much later, when it was destroyed in bombing raids during World War II. But restoration efforts have captured the essence of its medieval heyday.

Nagoya Castle is renowned for the magnificent golden shachihoko (tiger-like fish) protruding from its zenith -- once earning it the epithet Kin-jo (Golden Castle) -- and its sloping mint green roofs.

It's not currently possible to enter the main keep, as it doesn't meet modern earthquake-resistance standards, though continued renovations over the next few years aim to make it fit for purpose by 2028.

Osaka Castle is one of Japan's most famous landmarks, playing a pivotal role in the culmination of the Sengoku era. Upon unifying Japan in 1590, samurai Toyotomi Hideyoshi looked to expand upon his base fortress in Osaka driven by a desire to outdo his former lord, Oda Nobunaga.

His efforts to create an unassailable defense were posthumously thwarted, however, when the castle fell to the Tokugawa Clan in 1615.

The five-story Osaka Castle, a recreation of the original keep (which was destroyed on several occasions), is built on solid cyclopean foundations, with mint green roof tiles and golden accoutrements that bear striking similarities with Nagoya Castle.

Inside you'll find a walk-through museum detailing the fraught political history of the region and the various samurai who claimed it as their home. The exhibition culminates in a 360-degree viewpoint on the top floor.

Nijo Castle was the official residence of the Shogun during the Edo period -- though the succession of military rulers would spend most of their time ruling from the seat of power in Edo (now Tokyo).

Following the Meiji Restoration, the castle became an imperial palace before it was opened to the public as an historic site.

The squat, hirajiro (flatland) castle has many of the trappings of Japanese feudal architecture: a wide perimeter moat, an imposing karamon (entry gate), concentric sections separated by reinforced stone walls and squeaking "nightingale" floorboards to detect intruders.

You can stroll through most of the castle grounds today, while audio guides in multiple languages are available at the entrance.

Inuyama Castle is significant for having the oldest original tenshu (fortified tower) in Japan, dating back to 1580, and is one of only five castle keeps to have National Treasure status.

It was also the first fortress owned outright by the bloodthirsty tyrant who first attempted to unify Japan, Oda Nobunaga.

Inuyama Castle's strategic hilltop location provided its resident samurai with sprawling views of the surrounding plains and the turbulent Kiso River at its base. Today, travelers to the site benefit from this jaw-dropping viewpoint, which now casts its gaze over the surrounding towns and forests.

Though Hikone Castle in Shiga prefecture is a comparatively unassuming structure, it's significant in that its main keep (which has been designated a National Treasure) and many of the surrounding structures remain intact.

This is partly due to its completion in 1622, after the Tokugawa Shogunate had established peace across the nation, and its location in a relatively obscure stretch of western Japan.

Viewpoints from the hilltop castle look towards Lake Biwa, Japan's largest inland body of water, which engulfs the center of the prefecture. There's also a Hikone Castle Museum at the foot of the hill, showcasing artifacts and historical documentation from the Ii Clan that established the fortress some 400 years ago.

The 13th-century Bicchu Matsuyama Castle, perched above quiet Takahashi City in Okayama prefecture, is thought to be Japan's original yamajiro (mountain castle). At 430 meters (1,400 feet) above sea level -- the highest elevation for any castle in Japan -- would-be invaders were required to slog uphill through dense shrubbery and a volley of projectiles just to alight upon the castle gates.

The hike today, better-worn than in the medieval era and freer of inbound arrows, should be achievable for anyone with a moderate level of fitness. It's certainly worth breaking a sweat for views of the undulating Okayama countryside from the castle ramparts or unkai (seas of clouds) floating above the valley on spring and autumn mornings.

Himeji Castle's nickname, "Castle of the White Heron," hints at the poetic magnificence of its storied keep: the multitiered, pearly white edifice soars high above the low-lying Himeji City.

Its origins date back to the early 1300s, after which it underwent several acquisitions and remodeling efforts at the hands of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu and several other daimyo, respectively. It has also remained largely intact throughout its 700-year history, surviving multiple recent atrocities, from aerial bombs in the 1940s to the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake.

These factors helped Himeji Castle become Japan's first-ever UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Furthermore, the castle is the location of Okiku's Well, where the eponymous servant's ghost is said to reside. The well owes its infamy to the folktale Bancho Sarayashiki, which subsequently inspired the horror film "Ringu" (1998) and its Hollywood adaptation "The Ring" (2002).

Built in the early 1600s near the shores of Lake Shinji, Matsue Castle is one of the only remaining keeps on Japan's central western coast.

Its original purpose was to help the new shogun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, consolidate his power in the largely provincial region. Today, its imposing black walls and gray, tiered roofs stand sentinel over a bottle-green perimeter moat in the heart of Matsue's old quarter.

Across the street from the castle you'll find nods to Matsue's most prized cultural asset: the Lafacadio Hearn Museum and his former residence. A 19th century author of Irish-Greek heritage, Hearn ascended into the pantheon of Japanese literary heritage as a cultural essayist and a master re-teller of local folktales.

Built by local daimyo Kato Kiyomasa in the early 1600s, Kumamoto Castle remains one of the most impressive feats of pre-modern architecture on the island of Kyushu (though most of its structures are now ferro-concrete rebuilds).

Unusual for Japanese castles, its wartime history extended beyond the Edo period and into the Meiji Restoration era, when local samurai rebelled against the new government, leading to a two-month siege in 1877.

Following a major earthquake in 2016 and a subsequent five-year renovation period, Kumamoto Castle's main keep was reopened to the public in 2021. The castle's outer walls, built from stern igneous rock, and the black-walled keep stand in stark contrast to the 800 cherry blossom trees that paint its gardens pink each spring.

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Japan's best castles to visit at least once

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(CNN) - During Japan's Sengoku "Warring States" era (1467-1615), castles were constructed, bolstered and fortified all across the Japanese archipelago, resulting in approximately 5,000 individual keeps. Though many were razed at the behest of the Tokugawa Shogunate during the Edo period (1603-1868) and subsequently following the Meiji Restoration of 1868, when power was restored to the emperor, over a hundred remain throughout the country today.

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The surreal beauty of Earth's northernmost buildings

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The surreal beauty of Earth's northernmost buildings

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It's interesting to know that there is an amazing building at the north of the earth. But one important message behind those building is "Climate change is the motor behind all of the developments, and I wanted to document that," Sailer said. "If the ice wasn't disappearing, these trading routes would not appear." What the photographer said makes me rethink about this news.

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Written by Eva Rothenberg, CNN

The Arctic invites images of emptiness. Harsh temperatures lead to barren, sparsely populated landscapes beyond the reach of most travelers. This inaccessibility is what first drew Austrian photographer Gregor Sailer to the region.

"I like this raw atmosphere and this exciting light, where everything is exposed," he said in a video interview, explaining that the Arctic has "always fascinated" him. "On one hand, the wilderness wants to kill you, and, on the other hand, life is possible and goes on. There are things happening in these remote places that impact us all, and it's important for people to understand these developments."

Sailer's new book, "The Polar Silk Road," explores the Arctic through an architectural lens. Over the course of four years, the photographer visited Canada, Norway, Greenland and Iceland, capturing images of some of the world's northernmost structures.

"It was clear from the beginning that there was not much architecture in the Arctic, so I came back with relatively little material," Sailer said of his early trips. He later focused his attention on around a dozen remote scientific research facilities, military bases and centers for economic development and raw material extraction.

Much like the region itself, these facilities are often austere and cold. Composed of sharp geometric shapes and exposed structural elements, their functional forms stand out against the bleakness of their environment.

"I want my work to show the extremely exposed nature of these facilities," Sailer said. "I try to get the impression of the whole space I am working in, and then I decide which details are important to capture in order to give outsiders access to this space."

Building in a barren landscape

While shooting the project, Sailer endured snowstorms and temperatures lower than minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit. He used an analog camera that is not reliant on batteries (which can quickly deplete in sub-freezing temperatures), giving him one less thing to worry about in extreme climates.

Working with physical film still left the photographer vulnerable to the elements, as it can be easily damaged or lost. Nevertheless, Sailer prefers working in analog: "Part of the game is risk. It increases my consciousness, makes me calmer and heightens my perception."

At face value, the structures in Sailer's images reveal little about their intended functions; antennae, satellite dishes and power lines suspended between radar towers are found in military bases and research facilities alike. But the photographer said his images are more concerned with exploring how architecture operates within the landscape.

"I wanted to capture an emptiness that isn't empty. It's important for me that viewers feel the surroundings and the dimensions of this vast, surreal landscape," he explained, adding: "I try to do that through overview shots (first), and then by going into the details, so the viewers can get a better idea of the function of these facilities."

An awareness of space is pervasive throughout "The Polar Silk Road." Sailer's photographs emphasize structures' color and shape, rather than their size, letting the emptiness give viewers a sweeping sense of the surroundings.

Some of the buildings, like air defense radar towers in Tuktoyaktuk, Canada, are built from white or gray materials that blend almost seamlessly into the pale canvas of the sky. Other photographs depict small, brightly colored buildings that stand in stark contrast to their white surroundings, like those at the EastGRIP research facility in Greenland.

Race for influence

The Arctic may comprise large swaths of inhospitable land, but it is now the subject of growing geopolitical interest. Actors like Russia, the United States and, more recently, China are all racing to develop new shipping routes in the region.

Fitting, then, that Sailer borrowed his project's title from China's Polar Silk Road initiative, a government-backed proposal to develop infrastructure and freight shipping in the far north. The book's name, much like its contents, speaks to the competition and cooperation that have defined international relations in the region.

Several of Sailer's photographs focus on the China-Iceland Arctic Observatory (CIAO), a joint effort between the two countries to collect data on solar-terrestrial interactions in the polar atmosphere, such as auroras. Elsewhere, Sailer depicts the North Warning System (NWS), an air defense early-warning radar system built jointly by the US and Canada.

But territorial claims in the Arctic are about more than self-defense -- they are about securing control of resources hidden below the melting ice, like oil and natural gas, writes Günter Köck, coordinator of the International Research Programs of the Austrian Academy of Science, in Sailer's book.

Take, for example, the remote Arctic settlement of Tuktoyaktuk (which forms a chapter in Sailer's book) on the coast of the oil-rich Beaufort Sea. In recent decades, oil and gas companies have invested heavily in exploring and developing oil fields along the Beaufort coast. Then, in 2016, the Canadian government announced that it was contributing 200 million Canadian dollars ($158 million) towards a new highway that will "decrease the cost of living in Tuktoyaktuk... increase opportunities for business development, reduce the cost of accessing onshore and offshore oil and gas opportunities, and strengthen Canada's sovereignty in the North," according to a government press release.

Climate change 'is the motor'

There is, Sailer said, a single thread weaving together the economic, military and scientific growth documented in his book: the looming threat of climate change.

Many of the buildings he photographed in Tuktoyaktuk are under threat from the steady erosion of permafrost. With their foundations compromised, older structures are beginning to lean and sink into the ground due to the melting ice, he explained.

"Climate change is the motor behind all of the developments, and I wanted to document that," Sailer said. "If the ice wasn't disappearing, these trading routes would not appear."

Several of the facilities in Sailer's book are dedicated to understanding climate change -- like the ice-core drilling sites in Kangerlussuaq, Greenland, where international researchers analyze ice build-up over hundreds of thousands of years to better understand shifting atmospheric and weather patterns.

Sailer hopes that, by publishing "The Polar Silk Road," he can show the public how developments in the Arctic influence -- and are influenced by -- the changing climate.

"My job as a photographer is to go to these lesser-known places, where things that influence our society are happening, and bring these events to light," he said. "I offer these pictures with a hope of sparking a discussion, and with the hope that people start thinking about these topics or considering the world around them in a new way."
"This article was updated to correctly identify the North Warning System (NWS). The Polar Silk Road," published by Kehrer Verlag, is out now. Photographs from the series are at the Lumen Museum of Mountain Photography in Brunico, Italy, until April 23, 2022.

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gregor sailer's photos capture the surreal beauty of earth's northernmost buildings - cnn

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The surreal beauty of Earth's northernmost buildings

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Written by Eva Rothenberg, CNN The Arctic invites images of emptiness. Harsh temperatures lead to barren, sparsely populated landscapes beyond the reach of most travelers. This inaccessibility is what first drew Austrian photographer Gregor Sailer to the region.

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Fashion icon André Leon Talley is dead at age 73

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Fashion icon André Leon Talley is dead at age 73

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Although fashion is not the topic I am interesting in, but it's still an honor to know an important person in fashion. He was a pioneer in the fashion industry, a Black man in an often insular world dominated by White men and women.

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Written by Sean Federico-O'Murchu, CNN

Contributors Chris Boyette, CNN Oscar Holland, CNN

André Leon Talley, the former longtime creative director for Vogue and a fashion icon in his own right, has died at age 73, according to a statement on his official Instagram account.

Talley was a pioneer in the fashion industry, a Black man in an often insular world dominated by White men and women.

In 2017, at an event at the Brooklyn Academy of Music, Talley described the challenges of promoting diversity on the glossy pages of fashion magazines.

"I worked behind the scenes. I did it in dulcet tones, and I was persistent and tenacious....I always assumed a very quiet role. I didn't scream and yell and shout....That was the best strategy, because that was the world I moved in. After all, it was Vogue, darling," he told host Tamron Hall.

Talley was born in Washington DC but at two months old, his parents brought him to Durham, North Carolina, where he was raised by his grandmother, Bennie Francis Davis, whom he called Mama.

In his 2020 memoir, "The Chiffon Trenches," he described his early joy of immersing himself in books at the city library in Durham. "My world became the glossy pages of Vogue, where I could read about Truman Capote's legendary ball, given at the Plaza, in honor of Katharine Graham," he wrote.

A signature moment in his youth was the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy and the presence of his glamorous wife Jackie Kennedy, describing her as the "first influencer" of the modern world.

"I was obsessed with her pillbox hat, and her little snippet of fur at the collar, and her fur-edged boots, as well as the muff she carried to keep her hands warm during the freezing-cold January day," Talley wrote.

Talley arrived in New York in 1974, and found himself quickly at the frenzied intersection of fashion and art, working and mingling with the likes of Halston, Karl Lagerfeld and Andy Warhol.

After a stint in Paris with Women's Wear Daily, Talley joined Vogue in 1983 as news director. He was promoted to creative director in 1988 and later served as editor-at-large. Except for a period with W magazine in Paris, he remained a fixture at Vogue for nearly four decades.

At 6-foot-6 and with a booming voice, Talley was a towering figure in every sense. He was often seen sitting in the front row of elite fashion shows alongside editor-in-chief Anna Wintour, and his influence over fashion continued long after his departure from Vogue in 2013.

Talley appeared as a judge on "America's Next Top Model" and was the subject of a documentary The Gospel According to André, which was released in 2017, and was awarded the Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government in honor of his contribution to the fashion industry.

On April 22, 2021, he described the French recognition as the "best day of my life" in an Instagram post.

"To be in the august and impeccable body of Chevaliers: Diana Vreeland, Tina Turner, James Baldwin, Rudolph Nureyev and for a black man educated in public schools in Durham, North Carolina, I thank my French teacher, the late Cynthia P. Smith, who wrapped me in French: the language, the culture, style, history and literature," he wrote.

Talley's published work includes "A.L.T: A Memoir" as well as illustrated books including "Little Black Dress," and "Oscar de la Renta, His Legendary World of Style."

He received his MA in French studies from Brown and served on the board of trustees for the Savannah College of Art and Design for 20 years.

Last year, Talley touched on the significance of Vogue's cover featuring poet Amanda Gorman to the Black community and wider fashion world, describing it "a first for so many levels."

"We are continuing to climb hills, hills of healing, hills of forgiving, and climbing hills and mountains of overcoming all adversity, systemic racism and inequity," he wrote in an Instagram post.

Tributes to Talley began pouring in late Tuesday, with writer Roxane Gay describing him on Twitter as "a beacon of style for so many." Editor-in-chief of British Vogue, Edward Enninful, meanwhile thanked the late icon for "paving the way," writing on Instagram: "Without you, there would be no me."

"Rest in peace @OfficialALT" tweeted fashion designer Diane von Furstenberg. "We will miss you."

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andré leon talley: fashion icon dead at age 73 - cnn

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Fashion icon André Leon Talley is dead at age 73

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Written by Sean Federico-O'Murchu, CNN Contributors Chris Boyette, CNN Oscar Holland, CNN André Leon Talley, the former longtime creative director for Vogue and a fashion icon in his own right, has died at age 73, according to a statement on his official Instagram account.

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Among all this soup, I really want to try Chupe de camarones from Peru. The color, ingredients and flavor makes people mouth watering.

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If a steaming bowl of soup strikes you as the ultimate in old-fashioned comfort, you've got plenty of company. Soup is one of the world's oldest and most universal (CNN) - foods, said Janet Clarkson, author of the book "Soup: A Global History."

"Every culture has some kind of soup," she said. "It's got very ancient roots." Early people simmered everything from turtle shells to lengths of bamboo in soup, she writes in the book, turning out metal soup pots starting in the Bronze Age.

Boiling food made it possible to subsist on stable grains, with herbs and other ingredients added for nourishment or medicinal purposes.

Each time you deliver a pot of soup to a friend with the sniffles, Clarkson said you're in fact carrying on an age-old tradition. "Separating food and medicine - that's not how ancient people thought of it," she said. "I think in every country in the world, historically, some soups were seen as restorative."

That's true no matter what you call it. Today, soup leans brothy while stews are more substantial, but the world's spoonable foods have never fit neatly into the two English-language categories.

While Clarkson dove into centuries of etymology to trace the history of soup, potage and broth, she settled on a generously broad take. "Just some stuff cooked in water," she wrote, "with the flavored water becoming a crucial part of the dish."

It's a definition that leaves room for the world's tremendous culinary diversity. These are CNN's nominations for 20 of the best soups around the world:

It's so popular that packets of ready-mixed banga spice are sold in shops. Most blends include African nutmeg, castor seed, orima, jansa and beletete leaves.

The spices infuse a rich, red sauce that's the soup's main draw: Soak it up with eba or a ball of starch, two Nigerian staples both made from cassava prepared with different methods.

Broth is simmered for hours with cinnamon, star anise and other warm spices to create a wonderfully aromatic base for this rice noodle soup.

And while today's pho restaurants serve a wide range of flavors, beef is the original. By 1930, Nguyen explained, the soup was served with slices of raw beef cooked gently in the broth.

Today, beef pho remains the most beloved version in Vietnam, with options that include the original raw beef, a mix of raw and cooked beef, brisket and tendon.

Chunks of tender beets swim in brilliant red broth for a soup that's beloved in Ukraine and across Eastern Europe. Often topped with a rich dollop of sour cream, borscht is anything but basic beet soup. It gets a tangy kick from kvass, a lacto-fermented beet juice that's another regional specialty.

A fisherman's stew turned culinary icon, bouillabaisse distills classic Mediterranean flavors into a dish synonymous with the coastal city of Marseille. Saffron, olive oil, fennel, garlic and tomatoes blend with fish fresh from the sea.

At one time, that fish would reflect each day's catch, but things have gotten a bit stricter.

According to signatories of the 1980 Bouillabaisse Charter - a collective attempt by local chefs to ensure the quality of the French soup - the most authentic recipe must include at least four kinds of seafood chosen from a list that includes monkfish and crab.

Thinly sliced greens meld with potatoes and onions in this homey soup from Portugal's wine-producing Minho region. Now, the soup is a culinary star from upscale cafes to rural kitchens, the definition of down-home comfort food.

In many versions, tender Portuguese chouriço sausage adds an undercurrent of smoky, salty flavor that makes the soup even heartier. Enjoy alongside a glass of Minho's famed vinho verde wine.

Durum wheat harvested while green, called freekeh, adds satisfying heft and nourishment to this North African soup, which is especially beloved during the holy time of Ramadan.

The tender grains absorb a tomato broth and aromatic spices, their flavor melding with chickpeas plus stewed chicken, beef, mutton or lamb. Serve with lemon wedges and a hunk of kesra bread.

This creamy shrimp chowder is a specialty of Arequipa, a historic city surrounded by towering volcanoes. Cold nights in the mountains are perfect for the hearty dish: Tender shrimp swim alongside chunks of Andean potatoes and corn.

It's got a kick, too. The addition of ají amarillo, a chili pepper with a lilting, fruity flavor, adds satisfying spice to balance out the rich and creamy ingredients. Maybe that explains the soup's reputation as a powerful aphrodisiac.

Summer in Andalusia brings searing weather, ideal for cooling down with a bowl of this chilled vegetable soup. Today's most classic version includes tomatoes, cucumbers, garlic and olive oil, with a handful of stale breadcrumbs added for body.

Arabs brought the dish to the Iberian Peninsula centuries before Spaniards tasted tomatoes, a New World ingredient. The original was a blend of bread, garlic and olive oil, pounded in a mortar and seasoned with vinegar.

As with so many culinary treats, groundnut soup ignores international boundaries: Meat, fish or chicken simmered into a thick peanut soup is pure comfort food in countries across West Africa. Versions range from Gambian domoda - the national dish - to a Nigerian take cooked with bitter, leafy greens.

No matter the country, such soups and stews are creamy, rich and salty, a satisfying combination that often gets a fiery jolt from the addition of Scotch bonnet peppers.

Cultures and flavors meld in a hearty soup that's a star of Louisiana cuisine, influenced by West African, Native Choctaw and French cuisines. Versions made with seafood, chicken and sausage are among the most popular today, but there are myriad ways to make this Southern specialty.

Ground, dried sassafras leaves - called filé and long harvested by the Choctaw people - give many gumbo recipes a distinctive spice. Some cooks thicken their soup with a cooked flour paste called roux, while others swear by sautéed slices of okra.

Every possible version is on display each year at the World Champion Gumbo Cookoff in New Iberia, Louisiana, where cooks battle for some serious soup-master bragging rights.

When the sun sets during the month of Ramadan, many Moroccans break their fasts with a hot bowl of this comforting chickpea stew. Cinnamon, ginger, turmeric and pepper lend warming spice to the savory tomato broth, which soaks into tender chickpeas. It's also widely enjoyed in Algeria.

While vegetarian recipes are popular, the most classic version is simmered with tender chunks of lamb or other meat. It's not just fasting fare for Muslims; some North African Jews also prepare harira to break the annual fast of Yom Kippur.

Tart plum sauce called tkemali adds bright, zesty flavor to this traditional soup, which is one of Georgia's most beloved dishes.

It's made with unripe plums, whose sour note balances the richness of fatty beef and ground walnuts cooked into the soup. The aromatic kick, though, comes from the spice mix khmeli suneli, a blend of coriander, savory, fenugreek, black pepper, marigold and more.

Shaping - or pulling - la mian noodles by hand for this traditional soup is an art in itself. Artisans use a finely milled, high-gluten flour and alkaline powder to mix a stretchy dough, then pull and fold a single piece of dough to make enough noodles for a bowl of soup.

Slip them into a bowl of beef broth for a world-class soup that includes tender beef, pale slices of radish, chili oil and fresh herbs. (At some shops, diners may even ask for noodles of a preferred thickness and shape.)

Soup is what's for breakfast in much of Myanmar, where sidewalk vendors and tea shops hawk steaming bowls of mohinga out of enormous vats. The soul of this noodle soup is the aromatic broth, which is simmered with herbs and thickened with toasted rice powder.

Fish lends added richness, while the thin rice noodles are perfect for slurping. Mohinga is so beloved that it's gone from breakfast dish to anytime snack, and each region has its own twist on the classic soup.

Tripe simmered for hours in a piquant, garlicky broth is the ultimate Mexican hangover cure, but menudo goes far beyond morning-after remedies. It's a favorite at weddings and big occasions, too, when an enormous pot of the traditional soup can feed dozens of guests.

It's sheer comfort food, with kernels of hominy that get fresh bite from a garnish of raw onions, chiles and cilantro. Choose from one of two main varieties: Menudo rojo turns a deep red from chiles in the broth, while Sonoran-style Menudo blanco is a milder alternative.

Palm oil and tomatoes tint coconut broth a warm, orangey red in this specialty from the Bahia region of Brazil, where locals eat steaming bowls on even the hottest days.

This soup's real draw is sweet, tender shrimp floating in the broth, however. Traditionally, moqueca de camarão is cooked in a handmade pot made from black clay and the sap of mangrove trees, then brought to the table in the same authentic vessel.

Chicken noodle soup may reach its culinary pinnacle in this piquant Indonesian dish. Spices such as fresh turmeric, star anise, cinnamon, lemongrass and lime leaves combine for deeply layered aroma and flavor, with the jammy yolks of soft-boiled eggs to add extra richness.

Every part of Indonesia has a local twist, and the soup is also beloved in Singapore, Malaysia and in faraway Suriname in South America, where the recipe arrived with Javanese immigrants.

Eat topped with fried shallots, fresh limes and a fiery scattering of sliced red chiles.

Sweet, sour, spicy and salty, this soup's magnificent broth is the ideal foil for sweet, tender shrimp. Aromatic ingredients include galangal, lemongrass and lime leaves, while slivers of bright red bird's eye chilis add additional heat.

Tom yum goong is just one of many varieties of tom yum soup in Thailand - this version comes enriched with fat prawns, and is a favorite with many diners.

Long-simmered pork bones impart intense flavor to this classic ramen, whose broth is cloudy with marrow and fat. It's a signature of Fukuoka Prefecture on the southerly island of Kyushu, but the rich soup is now served in ramen shops across the country (and world).

While the indulgent broth is the star of tonkotsu ramen, a bowl isn't complete without slices of pork belly and a tangle of noodles that are hard in the center. Eat with a pair of chopsticks and a flat-bottomed spoon, and don't forget to slurp - it's believed to enhance the flavor.

Boiled rice or barley adds grainy sweetness to this creamy yogurt soup. It's believed to ward off colds during winter; some Turkish hospitals even serve yogurt soup to recovering patients.

A crumble of dried mint helps balance the yogurt's slight tang. Serve with a pillowy round of fresh pita bread.

Jen Rose Smith is a writer based in Vermont. Find her work at jenrosesmith.com, or follow her on Twitter @jenrosesmithvt.

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If a steaming bowl of soup strikes you as the ultimate in old-fashioned comfort, you've got plenty of company. Soup is one of the world's oldest and most universal (CNN) - foods, said Janet Clarkson, author of the book "Soup: A Global History." "Every culture has some kind of soup," she said.

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A 555.55-carat black diamond believed to come from space is going on sale

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A 555.55-carat black diamond believed to come from space is going on sale

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As the technology develop, something mat seems impossible is happening now. It's interesting to know this cool diamond. Hope i will got a chance to travel to the universe.

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Written by Isabelle Jani-Friend, CNN

A 555.55-carat black diamond that is truly from out of this world has been unveiled by auction house Sotheby's Dubai.

The rare gem, which Sotheby's has dubbed "The Enigma," is believed to have come from outer space -- either created from a meteoric impact or from a "diamond-bearing" asteroid that collided with Earth.

A natural faceted black diamond of this size is an "extremely rare occurrence," according to Sotheby's, which expects it to sell for as much as £5 million ($6.8 million) when it goes under the hammer in February in London, after being exhibited in Dubai and Los Angeles.

Black diamonds, also known as Carbonado diamonds, can be dated to between 2.6 to 3.8 billion years ago and have trace amounts of nitrogen and hydrogen -- elements found in interstellar space. They also contain osbornite, a mineral present in meteorites.

Nikita Binani, a jewelry specialist at Sotheby's in London, called the diamond "a true natural phenomenon."

"Its sale represents a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to acquire one of the rarest, billion-year-old cosmic wonders known to humankind," she said in press release Monday.

The shape of the diamond is inspired by the Middle Eastern palm symbol of the Hamsa, a sign of protection, which means five in Arabic. The theme of five runs throughout the stone, according to the auctioneer. In addition to its 555.55 carats, it also contains exactly 55 facets, or faces.

Black diamonds that are faceted have sold in the past at prices surpassing £10,000 ($13,600) per carat, Sotheby's told CNN.

The diamond will be open for bidding online from February 3 to 9, and the auction house said it will accept cryptocurrency as payment.

The move follows the sale of a 101-carrat diamond, dubbed "The Key 10138," which became the most expensive jewel ever purchased with cryptoccurency when it sold last year, according to Sotheby's.

The pear-shaped gemstone sold for the equivalent of $12.3 million, after the auctioneer announced it was accepting offers in bitcoin and ethereum, in addition to traditional forms of payment. Sotheby's would not disclose which of the two cryptocurrencies had been used to make the purchase.

A number of auction houses have begun welcoming cryptocurrencies for big-ticket items, which have included paintings and NFTs -- the blockchain-backed tokens increasingly used to transfer ownership of digital artworks and collectibles. Sotheby's CEO Charles Stewart told CNN's Julia Chatterly last April that he believed NFT's and crypto were opening up the art market.

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a 555.55-carat black diamond believed to come from space is going on sale - cnn

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A 555.55-carat black diamond believed to come from space is going on sale

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Written by Isabelle Jani-Friend, CNN A 555.55-carat black diamond that is truly from out of this world has been unveiled by auction house Sotheby's Dubai. The rare gem, which Sotheby's has dubbed "The Enigma," is believed to have come from outer space -- either created from a meteoric impact or from a "diamond-bearing" asteroid that collided with Earth.

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Understanding different aspect of this news is so important. People from different background will have totally opposite view. #Black Lives Matter is a issue that everyone should care about.

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一名在去年動亂中槍殺兩人射傷一人的美國青少年 Kyle Rittenhouse 週五被判無罪。這個廣受關注的案件在美國各地引發了關於種族主義、槍枝暴力以及私自刑法的激烈辯論。他到底是個愛國的英雄還是在非他居住的城市裡招惹暴力的兇手？ ——— 本集由 NordVPN 贊助 · https://nordvpn.com/ssyingwen · 折扣碼 👉 ssyingwen · 黑五優惠買兩年送一個月再打 27 折 (每月美金 $3.16 / 台幣約 $90) ——— · 講義 ($88 /月)：https://bit.ly/ssyingwen_notes · 網站 (相關文章 / 影片)：htt…

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Climate change is more closer to our life than we think. What we can do in our normal life is try our best to be more environmentally friendly such as bring our own tableware or eat less meat but more vegetarian.

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Listen to this episode from 時事英文 English News on Spotify.

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Metaverse is an important industry that everyone should care. It may change our lifestyle a lot in the future. From education, medical or business, metaverse provides a brand new way for us to take advantage of.

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Listen to this episode from 時事英文 English News on Spotify. 最近風波不斷的 Facebook 母公司正式改名為 Meta，宣佈將從一家社群媒體公司轉變成一家元宇宙公司。新名稱帶來了數百萬次的搜尋：什麼是 Meta?

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Pandemic cause a lot of different problems for our normal life. At 2020's April and May the lack of wafer seems remote from our life. But now, the influence have move to our life supplies like shoes or car. Hope the pandemic will end soon.

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#62 全球供應鏈惡夢 Global supply chain nightmare

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Listen to this episode from 時事英文 English News on Spotify.

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War seems far to me but it is still happening on the another side of the earth. I'm thankful that it still far to me. But it's still important to understand what is happening now on the world.

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Listen to this episode from 時事英文 English News on Spotify.

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It's never occurs to me that music festival would cause such a sad accident.

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Listen to this episode from 時事英文 English News on Spotify.

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Apple AirTags - 'A perfect tool for stalking'

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Apple AirTags - 'A perfect tool for stalking'

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I didn't now this cool product until I read this news. It's actually useful for me, but the price of it is too high to me. Hope it will become cheaper in the future.

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It had just turned 3pm when she got home on 27 December. She received a notification on her phone.

"My phone made a ding that I'd never heard before", she says.

The notification told her that an unknown device had been following her movements.

Ms Norsworthy, who's 32, went on to the 'Find My' app on her iPhone.

"It showed me my whole route. It said 'the last time the owner saw your location was 15:02' and I was like, 'that's now, I'm at home'."

She rang the police, who told her they didn't know what to do. She has yet to find the device, which she believes is somewhere in her car. She says Apple Support was able to confirm it was an AirTag. "I watch my surroundings very closely now," she says.

The BBC has spoken to six women in the US who say they have been tracked using Apple AirTags.

The button-sized devices are designed to work with Apple's 'Find My' network to locate lost items. But there have been multiple reports in the US of the devices being used to track people.

Apple told the BBC: "We take customer safety very seriously and are committed to AirTag's privacy and security."

The company also says AirTags have better security features than rival products. However, there is growing evidence that they are being used for criminal activity across the US.

Apple launched AirTags last April. They're small, smooth and circular - and took inspiration from other tracking products on the market, like Tile.

The idea is that they can be attached to luggage or keys - anything you could lose. You can track an item to within 0.1ft. But in the wrong hands, they can be used for a different purpose.

"If you create an item which is useful for tracking stolen items, then you have also created a perfect tool for stalking," says Eva Galperin, Director of Cyber-Security at the Electronic Frontier Foundation.

"I have personally talked to several people who have found AirTags in their possession," she says.

Apple was aware, long before it released AirTags, that they could be used for criminal activity. On releasing them, Apple said that "AirTags are designed to track items not people".

They created a series of safeguards that, they said, would protect people from being tracked.

People with an iPhone would be alerted if an unregistered AirTag was moving with them. And the AirTags would make a beeping noise when separated from an owner for a period of time.

In December, the company also released an app which Android users can download. Tracker Detect allows users who aren't on the iOS operating system to be notified of a rogue AirTag.

But for several reasons, many people believe these safeguards don't go far enough.

Anna Mahaney is from Georgia. She was alerted to an unknown device after she'd gone to the shopping mall.

"I was pretty freaked out and I went to try to disable it. Every time I did that, it said it couldn't connect to the server." She went to an Apple Store, where they suggested she should turn off her location settings.

When she went to the local police, they told her there had been another similar report in her area. She believes the device is somewhere on her car.

The BBC has spoken to six women who all say they have been tracked with AirTags. One said she had found an AirTag taped to the inside of a bag. Others haven't been able to locate the tags.

All of them have questions about whether Apple is doing enough to stop their products from tracking people.

Apple says AirTags will make a beeping sound between 8-24 hours after a device is detected moving with an unregistered phone. But it's easy to register an AirTag, and then disable it.

Anna Mahaney says Apple Support told her this could be why she hasn't been able to find the AirTag: "It looks like what could have happened in my case was that the person that owns the AirTag tracked me until I got home, and then they turned off the AirTag."

This isn't the only potential loophole in Apple's AirTag safeguards. Apple's app, designed for Android users to find an unwanted AirTag, has been downloaded by a tiny percentage of Android phones

The BBC asked Apple for figures on how many times the app has been downloaded on Google Play, Android's default app store. Apple didn't say, but Google Play puts the figure at around 100,000 downloads. To put that into context, there are around 3 billion active Android devices around the world.

Apple says that if you don't have an iPhone, people will be notified with another safeguard - a beeping sound that plays after an unwanted AirTag is detected. But there are problems with this too.

"AirTags emit a 60 decibel beep. and it's really easy to muffle." says Eva Galperin. "I could muffle it just by closing it in my fist. I could muffle it by putting it between two couch cushions. It's impossible to hear by putting it, say, under your car bumper."

And the noise will only begin to play after eight hours. Critics argue that by then it is too late.

In Bloomingdale Illinois, one police force has warned local residents about AirTags: "We thought it was important to notify the people in our community that this is somewhat of an issue." says Frank Giammarese, director of public safety at Bloomingdale Police.

"Technology is great but unfortunately... some people have misused that."

There is an argument that Apple is being unfairly targeted. It's easy to buy tracking devices on the internet.

The BBC asked its major competitor, Tile, what it was doing to protect the public from being tracked with its devices. Tile replied that it was "developing a solution" which would identify an unknown device near people. But that solution hasn't been released yet.

The counter-argument is that AirTags are just very good at being located by a registered iPhone. The 'Find My' network uses almost a billion Apple devices around the world - and their Bluetooth connectivity - to create accurate and long-range tracking.

"I want Apple to require these devices to ask permission before you can be followed," says Anna Mahaney. "With 'Find My Friends', if my husband wants validation, I have to okay that and give it to him. I cannot rationalise why a stranger can follow me and I don't have to give consent."

Amber Norsworthy believes AirTags should not be sold until Apple can work out how to better alert people: "They should stop selling them for a period of time until they can work out some safety boundaries."

Eva Galperin believes Apple needs to create better safeguards: "I want them to work with Google in order to give Androids the same level of detection automatically in the background, as they already have for iPhones."

The BBC put these criticisms to Apple, who said: "We take customer safety very seriously and are committed to AirTag's privacy and security...If users ever feel their safety is at risk, they are encouraged to contact local law enforcement, who can work with Apple to provide any available information about the unknown AirTag."

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Apple AirTags - 'A perfect tool for stalking'

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It had just turned 3pm when she got home on 27 December. She received a notification on her phone. "My phone made a ding that I'd never heard before", she says. The notification told her that an unknown device had been following her movements.

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Endemic Covid: Is the pandemic entering its endgame?

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Endemic Covid: Is the pandemic entering its endgame?

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"For the world it is still a pandemic and an acute emergency," Dr Groppelli concludes. Every time when the situation seems to become better, a new virus appears. Hoping the pandemic will end soon so I can go back to normal life.

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Who hasn't let out an exasperated "Is the pandemic finished yet?" or a "When can I just get on with my life?" over the past two years? I know I have.

The answer to those questions could be... very soon.

There is growing confidence that Omicron could be hurtling the UK into the pandemic endgame.

But what comes next? There will be no snap of the fingers to make the virus disappear. Instead, the new buzzword we'll have to get used to is "endemic" - which means that Covid is, without doubt, here to stay.

So, is a new Covid-era truly imminent and what will that actually mean for our lives?

"We're almost there, it is now the beginning of the end, at least in the UK," Prof Julian Hiscox, chairman in infection and global health at the University of Liverpool, tells me. "I think life in 2022 will be almost back to before the pandemic."

What's changing is our immunity. The new coronavirus first emerged two years ago in Wuhan, China, and we were vulnerable. It was a completely new virus that our immune systems had not experienced before and we had no drugs or vaccines to help.

The result was like taking a flamethrower into a fireworks factory. Covid spread explosively around the world - but that fire cannot burn at such high intensity forever.

There were two options - either we would extinguish Covid, as we did with Ebola in West Africa, or it would die down but be with us for the long term. It would join the swarm of endemic diseases - such as common colds, HIV, measles, malaria and tuberculosis - that are always there.

For many, this was the inevitable fate of a virus that spreads through the air before you even know you're sick. "Endemicity was written into this virus," says Dr Elisabetta Groppelli, a virologist at St George's, University of London.

"I am very optimistic," she says. "We'll soon be in a situation where the virus is circulating, we will take care of people at risk, but for anybody else we accept they will catch it - and your average person will be fine."

Epidemiologists, who study the spread of diseases, would consider a disease endemic when levels are consistent and predictable - unlike the "boom and bust" waves so far in the pandemic.

But Prof Azra Ghani, an epidemiologist at Imperial College London, says other people are using it to mean Covid is still around, but that we no longer need to restrict our lives.

She thinks we'll get there "rapidly", adding: "It seems like it's taken a long time, but only a year ago we started vaccinating and we're already an awful lot freer because of that."

The only major curve ball would be a new variant that can outcompete Omicron and cause significantly more severe disease.

How bad?

It is important to remember that endemic does not automatically mean mild. "We have some huge killer diseases that we consider endemic," says Prof Ghani. Smallpox was endemic for thousands of years and killed a third of people who were infected. Malaria is endemic and causes around 600,000 deaths a year.

But we are already seeing the signs that Covid is becoming less deadly as our bodies become more familiar with fighting it.

In the UK there has been a vaccination campaign, a booster campaign and waves of Covid involving four different variants of the virus.

"When Omicron has finished and moved through, immunity in the UK will be high, at least for a while," says Prof Eleanor Riley, an immunologist at the University of Edinburgh.

The high level of infections has come at a price, with more than 150,000 deaths in the UK. But it has left a protective legacy in our immune systems. That immunity will wane so we should expect to catch Covid in the future, but it should still reduce the chances of becoming seriously ill.

Prof Hiscox - who sits on the government's New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group - says that means most people won't be badly affected.

"Should a new variant or old variant come along, for most of us, like any other common cold coronavirus, we'll get the sniffles and a bit of a headache and then we're OK."

There will be people - mostly the old and vulnerable - who will die from endemic Covid. So there is still a decision to be made about how we live alongside it.

"If you're willing to tolerate zero deaths from Covid, then we're facing a whole raft of restrictions and it's not game over," Prof Hiscox explains.

But, he says, "In a bad flu season, 200-300 die a day over winter and nobody wears a mask or socially distances, that's perhaps a right line to draw in the sand."

Lockdowns and restrictions on mass gatherings will not come back and mass testing for Covid will end this year, he expects.

The near certainty is there will be booster vaccines for the vulnerable come the autumn in order to top up their protection through winter.

"We need to accept the fact that our flu season is also going to be a coronavirus season, and that is going to be a challenge for us," says Dr Groppelli.

However, it is still uncertain how bad winters will be as the people who die from flu and Covid tend to be the same. As one scientist put it, "You can't die twice."

Prof Riley thinks we won't be compelled to wear face masks after Omicron, but they will become "a much more common sight" as they are in parts of Asia as people choose to wear them in crowded places.

She adds: "The likely scenario is life won't look much different to the autumn of 2019, when we all turned up for our flu vaccines."

While the UK is ahead of most of the world due to a combination of vaccines and a large number of infections, the planet is not remotely close to seeing the end of the pandemic.

Poorer countries are still waiting for vaccines to give to their most vulnerable people. Meanwhile countries that kept Covid at arms' length have had very few deaths, but also have less immunity in their populations.

The World Health Organization has been clear the world is a long way off describing Covid as endemic.

"For the world it is still a pandemic and an acute emergency," Dr Groppelli concludes.

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Endemic Covid: Is the pandemic entering its endgame?

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Who hasn't let out an exasperated "Is the pandemic finished yet?" or a "When can I just get on with my life?" over the past two years? I know I have. The answer to those questions could be... very soon. There is growing confidence that Omicron could be hurtling the UK into the pandemic endgame.

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The women facing rape threats and abuses on Clubhouse

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The women facing rape threats and abuses on Clubhouse

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On other parts of the world, there are still lots of unfair exists. Some normal right to me may be difficult for them to accomplish. Hoping that their effort will paid of soon.

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In November Bhavini received screen recordings from her friends in a Clubhouse room with a title that mentioned her underwear.

The live-audio app allows users to start a virtual room or join one in which other people are speaking.

In these recordings, men were auctioning off parts of women's bodies, including hers.

But Bhavini, who lives in India and whose name has been changed to protect her identity, was not surprised.

"Men have been harassing me on the app for months, making rooms using my name at least once a week and calling me worse things. This is the price you pay for being a vocal woman," the 33-year-old policy researcher said.

She is one of at least four women from India's Hindu majority who were offered in a mock auction on Clubhouse that day for around two hours, with over 200 users watching at one point, according to witnesses.

Clubhouse told the BBC that later that day, it suspended the accounts of those who made the room and warned, suspended or permanently removed other connected accounts.

The women say that Hindu nationalist trolls on the app have been targeting them for months, branding them as traitors because they have been critical of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

They are not alone in facing harassment. Muslim women living in India, many of them vocal critics of the government, have also been put up for auction online twice in the past six months, resulting in a number of arrests.

In all of these cases, there was no actual sale - the purpose was to harass and silence the women who were targeted.

Critics say the trolling of women, especially Muslims, has worsened in recent years under the BJP. They accuse the party of using its considerable resources to deploy a virtual right-wing army against anyone who takes issue with Mr Modi or his policies.

While the BJP denies the accusation, its leaders rarely condemn the trolling, despite the fact that it's consistently traced back to users who identify as supporters or party workers. In fact, Mr Modi himself has been asked why he follows trolls on Twitter.

While the problem was - and still is - rampant on Twitter, it has also cropped up on other, less public apps, where it's often harder to track such trolls.

When Bhavini and another woman Rekha (whose name has also been changed for this article) joined Clubhouse in 2021, they hoped to talk safely about politics on the app.

The invite-only app became incredibly popular, not just for personal chat rooms and lively discussions, but also as a platform for hearing some of the world's most famous people speak - Drake, Oprah and Elon Musk have all made an appearance.

But the two women discovered that talking about Indian politics was tough - whether it was their support for farmers, who for more than a year had been holding a strike against Mr Modi's government over controversial reforms; their criticism of what they saw as the BJP's divisive Hindu nationalist agenda; or their opinions on the oppressive Hindu caste system.

"The abuse started the day I expressed my political opinion," said Rekha, an IT professional who is also 33.

She and Bhavini say trolls on the app have created accounts using their photos and made rape threats.

"At one point, every time I entered a room someone would verbally abuse me and then leave," Bhavini said. "Right now, there are four fake accounts pretending to be me."

Bhavini and Rekha say they have reported the rooms and the users multiple times but their abusers manage to remain active.

"It feels like a free hand is given to people to issue violent threats," Rekha said.

An official statement from Clubhouse said that the app has "conducted an internal investigation and found that both users have previously filed support requests with Clubhouse on other rooms and subjects, for which they received written responses".

But the auction, the targeted women said, was unlike anything they had experienced before.

Bhavini said the men who participated talked about her breasts and referred to close-up images of her cleavage. These were taken from her Instagram account - from photos where she is wearing a v-neck top or swimwear.

In one recording, a man laughed and bid for her breast milk.

Rekha entered the same room for a few minutes and heard men laughing as they bid on her genitals.

She heard users talk about performing sexual acts as they bid on the women and speak derogatorily about Pakistanis and Sikhs.

"Whoever gives the cheapest rate, I'll give him the vagina. One paisa... half a penny... give her for free," they said.

"I felt violated. This is the filthiest thing I've ever heard about myself, my vagina being auctioned."

Rekha, who knows one of the Muslim women who was targeted, said: "Not long ago, I was consoling her for being auctioned on an app but now it's happening to me.

"Women are treated as commodities in India, to be either glorified or sold when convenient."

Bhavini and Rekha immediately reported the room, but it continued for at least two hours.

The BBC also found that at least one user who was reported to Clubhouse in connection with the auction room is still active on the app under a different account, which was created on the day the auction happened.

"No matter how many times I report a user, nothing changes," Rekha said.

There have been concerns about how to hold people to account on the app since users cannot access old conversations - they are not recorded or made available to play back later.

Clubhouse said it keeps recordings of rooms users complain about for investigative purposes.

It also said that it takes "steps to make it difficult for users who have been indefinitely suspended to return", and it has therefore been able to "remove multiple accounts associated with the creators of the room in question".

But it also pointed out that "as with any online platform, it is an ongoing challenge to keep users who are absolutely determined to create a new account from doing so, but we work to make it very difficult and expensive for them".

Anti-cyberbullying platform TeamSAATH reported the Clubhouse room to the police in November.

"This sort of abuse is not taken as seriously as it should be. We need the relevant authorities to do their job," it said in a statement.

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The women facing rape threats and abuses on Clubhouse

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In November Bhavini received screen recordings from her friends in a Clubhouse room with a title that mentioned her underwear. The live-audio app allows users to start a virtual room or join one in which other people are speaking. In these recordings, men were auctioning off parts of women's bodies, including hers.

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The one I really want to watch mentioned in the article is "She Said". It's a movie about #Me Too. After watching movie, I will have a deeper understand about the issue.

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From a psychological thriller starring Harry Styles and Florence Pugh, to Robert Pattinson as The Batman, and sequels to Avatar and Knives Out, our critics pick 2022’s best releases.

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Was South Africa ignored over mild Omicron evidence?

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Was South Africa ignored over mild Omicron evidence?

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"Each situation and each country has some unique characteristics. But we've learned how to extrapolate from one setting to another" said Prof Karim. The situation between South Africa and Taiwan is totally different, hoping that Taiwan will find our bess way to defeat the pandemic.

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South African scientists - praised internationally for first detecting the Omicron variant - have accused Western nations of ignoring early evidence that the new Covid variant was "dramatically" milder than those which drove previous waves of the pandemic.

Two of South Africa's most prominent coronavirus experts told the BBC that Western scepticism about their work could be construed as "racist," or, at least, a refusal "to believe the science because it came from Africa".

"It seems like high-income countries are much more able to absorb bad news that comes from countries like South Africa," said Prof Shabir Madhi, a vaccine expert at Johannesburg's University of the Witwatersrand.

"When we're providing good news, all of a sudden there's a whole lot of scepticism. I would call that racism."

Prof Salim Karim, former head of the South African government's Covid advisory committee and vice-president of the International Science Council agrees.

"We need to learn from each other. Our research is rigorous. Everyone was expecting the worst [about Omicron] and when they weren't seeing it, they were questioning whether our observations were sufficiently scientifically rigorous," he said, while acknowledging that the sheer number of new mutations in Omicron may have contributed to an abundance of scientific caution.

South Africa's latest wave of Covid, which began in late November 2021, is now declining as sharply as it once rose and is likely to be declared over, nationwide, in the coming days.

There are still concerns that the infection rate could spike again following the reopening of schools, but, overall, the country's Omicron wave is expected to last half as long as previous waves.

By early last month, scientists and doctors here were already sharing anecdotal evidence indicating that Omicron, while highly contagious, was resulting in far fewer hospital admissions or deaths than the Delta wave.

'Data met with scepticism'

"The predictions we made at the start of December still hold. Omicron was less severe. Dramatically. The virus is evolving to adapt to the human host, to become like a seasonal virus," said Prof Marta Nunes, senior researcher at the Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics department of the University of Witwatersrand.

The WHO continues to warn against calling Omicron "mild," pointing out that its high transmissibility was causing a "tsunami" worldwide, threatening to overwhelm health systems.

But South African scientists are sticking by their data.

"The death rate is completely different [with Omicron]. We've seen a very low mortality rate," said Prof Karim, who pointed to the latest data showing hospital admissions were four times lower than with Delta, and the number of patients requiring ventilation was similarly reduced.

"It didn't take even two weeks before the first evidence started coming out that this is a much milder condition. And when we shared that with the world there was some scepticism," Prof Karim added.

It has been argued that Africa - or at least some parts of the continent - may be experiencing the pandemic differently due to demographics and other factors. South Africa's average age, for instance, is 17 years younger than the UK's.

But scientists in South Africa insist that any demographic advantage the population might have in terms of battling Covid is outweighed by poor health. Excess deaths in South Africa during the pandemic now sit at 290,000 - or 480 per 100,000 people - which is more than double the UK figure.

"The fact is that South Africa has got a much more susceptible population than the UK when it comes to severe disease. Yes, we've got a younger population... but we've got an unhealthier population because of a higher prevalence of other co-morbidities including obesity and HIV," said Prof Madhi.

"Each situation and each country has some unique characteristics. But we've learned how to extrapolate from one setting to another," said Prof Karim.

The figure of 290,000 excess deaths has not been confirmed as an accurate reflection of the pandemic's toll in South Africa. It is three times the number of official Covid-19 deaths.

But scientists here believe a majority of those excess deaths are probably due to the pandemic. Half of them occurred during the Delta wave, but, so far, only 3% transpired during the Omicron wave, said Prof Madhi.

No more quarantine

South Africa's government declined to introduce tighter restrictions during the Omicron wave and bitterly criticised foreign governments for their initial imposition of strict travel bans from the region.

Scientists here have generally welcomed the government's light-touch response, and now argue that other countries might do well to follow its example.

"We believe the virus is not going to be eradicated from the human population. We must now learn how to live with this virus and it will learn how to live with us," said Prof Nunes.

"The [low death rate from Omicron] shows we're in a different phase of the pandemic. I'd refer to it as a convalescent phase," said Prof Madhi.

He observed that South Africa had, "for all intents and purposes", stopped quarantining and contact tracing, and he urged the government to stop testing for Covid-19 at a community level too, saying it was unnecessary and amounted to pointless "bean counting".

Instead, he said the priority should be to minimise the number of people who are hospitalised by Covid-19.

Prof Madhi also expressed concern that mixed messages about South Africa's growing success in fighting the pandemic could "really diminish confidence in vaccines [despite the fact that] we know vaccines prevent severe disease".

Although South Africa lags far behind countries like the UK in terms of vaccination rates, at least three-quarters of the population now enjoys significant protection from a combination of prior infections and vaccinations.

Prof Karim acknowledged that Omicron's high transmissibility was causing temporary problems for countries like the US, but, citing South Africa's own experience, he said "the good thing is that because [the infection rate] has gone up that fast, it'll go down that fast too, so the pressure on hospitals will be much less".

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Was South Africa ignored over mild Omicron evidence?

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South African scientists - praised internationally for first detecting the Omicron variant - have accused Western nations of ignoring early evidence that the new Covid variant was "dramatically" milder than those which drove previous waves of the pandemic.

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Giant pristine coral reef discovered off Tahiti

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Giant pristine coral reef discovered off Tahiti

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The world under the sea is really interesting. It is important for all of us to protect the environment so that those beautiful creature will grow will under the sea.

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By Victoria Gill
Science correspondent, BBC News

Marine explorers have discovered a "pristine" 3km (2-mile) coral reef at depths of 30m (100ft) off the coast of Tahiti, French Polynesia.

It is one of the largest discovered at that depth, says the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, which led the mission.

Dr Julian Barbiere, from Unesco, said there were probably many more of these ecosystems "we just don't know about".

"We should be working to map them and to protect them," he said.

Twilight zone

Unesco director general Audrey Azoulay said the "remarkable" discovery extended our knowledge of "what lies beneath".

The reef was found in November, during a diving expedition to a depth known as the ocean's "twilight zone" - part of a global seabed-mapping mission called the Seabed2030 Project.

French underwater photographer Alexis Rosenfeld said it had been "magical to witness giant, beautiful rose corals stretching as far as the eye can see".

"It was like a work of art," he added.

Coral reefs are among the ocean's most threatened ecosystems - vulnerable to pollution, rising sea temperatures and the change in chemistry caused by carbon-dioxide emissions dissolving in the water.

Prof Murray Roberts, a leading marine scientist from the University of Edinburgh said the discovery brought home how much we still have to learn about the ocean.

"We still associate corals with the shallowest tropical seas but here we find a huge previously unknown coral reef system.

"As shallow waters warm faster than the deeper waters we may find these deeper reef systems are refuges for corals in the future. We need to get out there to map these special places, understand their ecological role and make sure we protect them for the future."

There is currently "no evidence" this reef had been damaged by those pressures and, Dr Barbiere said, its unusual depth was one reason it remained in such a "very good state".

"Generally we find them at shallower depths," he told BBC News, because the algae that lives within the bodies of corals needs light.

"But here we're in a part of the ocean that is [further] from land, so there is less sediment that ends up in the ocean here."

The discovery provided an important insight into ocean biodiversity, Dr Barbiere said.

"We know that about 25% of marine species can be found in coral reefs," he said.

"So the next stage is to find what species live around this type of reef."

The coming months will see further investigation.

Another of the specialist divers, Dr Laetitia Hedouin, from France's National Centre of Scientific Research, said: "We would expect a reef such as this to take around 25 years to grow and develop like this.

"We think that deeper reefs may be better protected from global warming.

"So the discovery of this reef in such a pristine condition is good news and can inspire future conservation."

Follow Victoria on Twitter.

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Giant pristine coral reef discovered off Tahiti

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By Victoria Gill Science correspondent, BBC News Marine explorers have discovered a "pristine" 3km (2-mile) coral reef at depths of 30m (100ft) off the coast of Tahiti, French Polynesia. It is one of the largest discovered at that depth, says the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, which led the mission.