# data[].attributes.body
strong topics

1. British Malaya
2. French Indo-China
3. TOV/ LON

weak topics

Rise of military in Japan

# data[].attributes.body
Strong topics:

1) British-Malaya
2) French Indo-china
3) LON

Weak topics:
1) Japan military

# data[].attributes.body
1) Terms of the Treaty of Saigon, 5 June 1862:
- Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France.
- French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River.
- The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened to free trade.
- Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam.
- Vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory to other Western powers without the permission of France.
6. Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France.

2) Terms of the Treaty of Hue, 25 August 1883
- Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates, hence the whole of  Vietnam became a French colony.
- Vietnam's foreign relations were to be controlled by France.
- French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces.
- The Red River was opened to trade.
- Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France.

Similarity:
One similarity of both treaties is that France was to be given power over the countries administrative matters such as trade and ships allowed to sail freely along the Mekong river.

Difference:
One difference of the treaties is that the treaty of Saigon wants to spread religion while the treaty of Hue was just about France having power over the country.

# data[].attributes.body
In both treaties they had to pay money to the French for damages but the differences was that in the terms of the treaty of Saigon they only had control of Saigon and three surrounding province but in the treaty of hue they were appointed to all provinces

# data[].attributes.headline
Impact of the residential systems in Malaya from Hugh Low 

# data[].attributes.subject
Impact of the residential systems in Malaya from Hugh Low 

# data[].attributes.body
1) 3 reforms by Hugh Low during his reign as Resident in Perak
- Established the Perak state council
- Abolished debt-slavery
- Able to influence Chinese miners to use British equipment
2) Impact on Perk
- Perak state council would be able to discuss and make decisions over Perak.
- Compensation given to end debt-slavery, society became more modern and humane.
- Chinese miners would be able to mine more efficiently due to advanced mining technology, and thus making more tin and money.
3) The residential system was a boon for many in Perak, but mostly a boon for the British as they profited and had more control over Perak.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin -China were ceded to France ,  French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River. The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened to free trade.Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam. Vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory to other Western powers without the permission of France. Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 silver dollars to France.

2. Terms of the Treaty of Hue, 25 August 1883

Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates?, hence the whole of Vietna-

became a French colony.Vietnam's foreign relations were to be controlled by France.French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces.The Red River was opened to trade. Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France.

Similarity - treaty of Saigon had to pay 4 million silver dollars to French as compensation while the treaty of hue also had to pay a large amount

Differences - treaty of Saigon let French have partial control over foreign affairs while the treaty of hue gave the French  full control

# data[].attributes.body
1)state of terms of treaty of Saigon
1.the remaining provinces of Cochin-china,already unde r the French control since 1867,were officially ceded to France
2.the French residents was allowed to reside in the capital,hue.
3.the ports of hai phong in Tonkin and qui nhon in Annan were opened to French trade
4.the red river was opened to shipping as far as yunnan
5.The rights of the Vietnamese Catholics were strengthened

-Treaty of hue
1.Tonkin and annam became French protectorates,hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony
2. Vietnams foreign relations were to be controlled by France
3.French residents were appointed in all provinces
4.The red river was opened to trade
5.Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty of Saigon :
-Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France.
-French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River.
-The Portia of Da Nang,Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened for trade.
-Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam.
-Vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory to other Western powers without the permission of France.
-Vietnam was to pay a compensation if 4 million dollars to France.
Treaty of Hue :
-Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates so the whole Vietnam became a French colony.
-Vietnam’s foreign relations were to be controlled by France.
-French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces.
-The Red River was opened to trade.
-Vietnam had to pay a large compensated to France.

# data[].attributes.body
1) Terms of Treaty of Saigon
1. Saigon and the three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France
2. French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River
3. The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened for free trade
4. Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam
5. Vietnam was allowed to cede its territory to other Western powers without the permission of France
6. Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France

2) Terms of the Treaty of Hue and Protectorate
1. Tonkin and Annan became French protectorates, hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony
2. Vietnam’s foreign relations were to be controlled by France
3. French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces
4. The Red River was opened to trade
5. Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France

3) Give 1 similarity and 1 difference between the 2

Similarity: One similarity of both treaties is that France was to be given power over the countries administrative matters such as trade and ships allowed to sail freely along the Mekong river.

Difference: One difference of the treaties is that the treaty of Saigon wants to spread religion while the treaty of Hue was just about France having power over the country.

# data[].attributes.body
Partially control Vietnam foreign affairs
Full control Vietnam foreign affairs

# data[].attributes.body
Vietnam had to pay a large of money to French as a compensation

# data[].attributes.body
1) Treaty of Saigon
-Saigon and three surrounding provinces in a Cochin-China were ceded to France
-French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River
-The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat NS Quang Yen were opened to free trade.
-Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam
-Vietnam was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of France.
-Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France.

2) Treaty of Hue
-Tonkin and Annan became French protectorates, hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony
-Vietnam’s foreign relations were to be controlled by France
-French residents were to be appointed in all provinces
-The Red River was opened to trade.
-Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France

3)1 similarity 1 difference
Similarity- Both had to pay a large indemnity to France. As for the Treaty of Saigon Vietnam was to pay 4 million silver dollars while Treaty of Hue, Vietnam had to pay a large amount to France.
Difference- Control over foreign affairs. As for Treaty of Saigon, it was only partial controlled while for Treaty of Hue, it was fully controlled.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Tonkin and Annam became
French protectorates9, hence the
whole of Vietnam became a French
colony.
2. Vietnam's foreign relations were
to be controlled by France.
3. French Residents were to be
appointed in all provinces.
4. The Red River was opened to
trade.
5. Vietnam had to pay a large
indemnity to France.

# data[].attributes.body
-Abolishing Debt-Slavery by compensating the slave owners for the loss of their slaves. This allowed Perak to abolish debt-slavery without any resentment or loss.(BOON)

-convinced chinese miners to use britsh tech. This made mining more efficient and the miners will mine more tin.(BOON)

-Perak state council. Build good relationships. All aspects of society represented (boon).

# data[].attributes.body
1:
convinces the Chinese miners to use British mining technology so that it is more efficient and the British will make more money and would give the sultan more money too (boon)

2:
Collection of revenue (taxes). The British would collect the taxes from the headmen of each village making sure that it is more organised. Then the British would give allowance to the sultan(bane for the Malay)

3:
Abolishing of debt slavery. Have compensation for clavery freed   Will have more human society (boon)

# data[].attributes.body
The residential system was a boon. The first reform brought by Hugh Low was forming the Courts of Justice that were formed with European magistrates who were assisted by Malay magistrates by working closely with Raja Yusuf and Raja Idris. Secondly, he was able to convince and influence the Chinese miners in Perak to use modern British mining equipment with the help of having good relationships with the Chinese miners. Thirdly, Low managed to abolish debt-slavery. He took gradual steps to abolish it such as compensating slave owners for the loss of their slaves. His reforms impacted Perak positively and by the time he left in 1899, the state had an annual revenue of over $2 million and a surplus balance.

# data[].attributes.body
Hugh low formed the Perak state council that attended to all matters regarding the development of Perak , and made the sultan the president of the council , making him the face of the solutions and ideas that Hugh low came up with. Slowly stripping the sultan of his power.

Hugh low also formed good connections with the sultan by speaking their language , being aware of Malay customs and building good relationships with the people . This enabled him to make an agreement with the sultan to let him collect the taxes from the people and give the sultan a fixed amount of money , taking the power away from the ruling class

He also abolished dept- slavery safely and compensated the powerful families who owned the slaves and helped contribute to a more humane and modernised society.

Hugh Low was a boon for the British but a bane for perak

# data[].attributes.body
1)  abolishment of debt slavery (Boon)
-  by ending debt slavery, it made Perak become a more modernised and humane society as slavering are cruel

2) established the Perak State Council comprising the Sultan and the residents as well as Malay, Chinese and British representative (Boon)
- help develop and improve quality of government in Perak. it also help Sir Hugh Low to build good relationships with the different society representative

3) influence chinese miners to use modern british mining equipment (Boon)
- this helped mining tin become more efficient, allowing more tins to be sold, earning more money

# data[].attributes.body
Similarities and differences between the two Vietnam treaties.

Similarities:Pay money as compensation to the French(four million)-common criteria

Differences:control over foreign affairs (common criteria)
Treaty of Saigon(partial control)
Treaty of Hugh(full control)
Difference:amount of control with each treaty

# data[].attributes.body
In Saigon partially control of Vietnam
In hue totally control of entire Vietnam

# data[].attributes.body
Both treaty demand Vietnam to pay a large of indemnity to French.

# data[].attributes.body
1.Saigon and 3 surrounding provinces in Cochin-China ceded to France
2.French ships were allowed to sail freely
3. parts of Da Nag, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were open to free trade
4.catholicism was allowed through vietnam
5.  vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory
6.Vietnam was to pay an idemnity of 4 mil silver dollars to France

Hue
1.Tonkin and Anna, became French protectorates,
2.foreign relations were connected to France
3.French residents were appointed to all the provinces
4. The Red Silver is open to trade
5.Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity

# data[].attributes.body
-treaty of saigon

1. SAIGON and 3 surrounding provinces in COCHIN CHINA was ceded to FRANCE

2. FRENCH ships were allowed to sail freely along the MEKONG RIVER

3. the ports of DA NANG , BA LAT AND QUANG YEN were opened to free trade

4.the catholicism was officially allowed throughout VIETNAM

5. VIETNAM was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of FRANCE

6. VIETNAM was to pay indemnity of 4million silver dollars to FRANCE

-terms of treaty of HUE

1. TONKIN AND ANNAM became FRENCH protectorates , hence the whole of VIETNAM became a FRENCH colony

2. VIETNAM foreign relations were to be controlled by FRANCE

3. FRENCH residents were to be appointed in all provinces

4. the red river was open to trade

5. VIETNAM had to pay a large indemnity to FRANCE.

Similarities:
Vietnam have to pay a sum as a compensation for damages caused to the France.

Differences:
In the treaty of Saigon, Saigon and three other surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were only ceded to France while in the treaty of Hue, as Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates the whole of Vietnam became a French colony.

# data[].attributes.body
When Sir Hugh Low became a resident, he managed to implement reforms such abolishing debt-slavery, influence Chinese miners in Perak to use British equipment and collect revenue. Abolishing debt-slavery allows freedom to those “slaves” who were owned by the rich Malays but in order to do so, Sir Hugh Low gave money back to the Malays if they give freedom to those “slaves” which helps maintain peace and order. Influencing Chinese miners to use British equipment allows them to mine tin efficiently and be able to get more of it to sell easily. Collecting revenue helps contribute to the reforms and allow the state to be able to have money for building stuff, give money for those in jobs, etc so when he left, there are $2 million of revenue for the state. Thus, this shows that the reforms have a positive effect in Perak as it brings peace and order to them.

# data[].attributes.body
One similairty is the pay money as comepensation. Sigon pays 4 million silver dollars. Hue says large amount.
One difference is control over current affair, partial or full support

# data[].attributes.body
Hugh Low’s Reforms

1)Courts of Justice were formed with European magistrates who were assisted by Malay magistrates

2)Perak was divided into districts and each district was sub-divided into villages with their own headmen

3)The village headmen kept the peace, settled minor disputes, reported incidents and helped to collect taxes on land and other revenue

4)The Sultan was the President of the State Council. Other members included the Resident and Assistant Resident, two Malay chiefs, and two non-Malay representatives from the Chinese and British communities.

These reforms were a BOON for Perak as it helped bring peace and order to the country with village headmen maintaining peace in their respective villages while being organised and having a clear government & law system in place with the Courts of Justice.

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty of Saigon
1. Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France.

2. French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River.

3. The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened to free trade.

4. Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam.

5. Vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory to other Western powers without the permission of France.

6. Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France.

Treaty of Hue and Harmond protectorate
1. Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates?, hence the whole of Vie became a French colony.

2. Vietnam's foreign relations were to be controlled by France.

3. French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces.

4. The Red River was opened to trade.

5. Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France.

Similarities and differences
One similarity is they both have to pay money as compensation to the French
TOS (4 million silver dollars)
TOH (Large amount)

One difference is control over foreign affairs
Partial control (TOS)
Full control (TOH)

# data[].attributes.body
Debt-slavery abolishment
-compensation for slaves freed
-modernist society
BOON

Perak state council
-all matters relating to the development of Perak
-restore peace and order
-building good relationships with sultan
BOON

Collection of revenue
-the British collect taxes and give compensation to the sultan
-the sultan lose their power slowly
BOON

# data[].attributes.body
Hugh Low (Boon)

Abolished debt-slavery

Abolishment of debt-slavery helped Perak as no one had to serve anyone or have to be owned by someone else.

Able to influence Chinese miners to use British equipment.

The introduction of better tin-mining methods and encouragement of foreign investment, the tin-mining industry flourished and revenue for Perak also increased

Able to collect revenue (taxes)

Unlike during Birch’s residency, the Sultan and his chiefs supported this move because they were given due compensation. Laws were passed to regulate land use and register land titles. Through the sale of land and collection of taxes, state revenue increased.

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty of Saigon

-Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France
-French ships wee allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River
-Vietnam was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of France

Treaty of Hue

-Tonkin and Annan became French protectorates , hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony
-Vietnam’s foreign relation were to be controlled by France
-Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France

Diff and Simi

Similar - Vietnam had to pay money to the France

Difference -Control over foreign affairs
TOS-Partial
TOH-Full

# data[].attributes.body
1. Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France.
2. French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River.
3. The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened to free trade.
4. Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam.
5. Vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory to other Western powers without the permission of France.
6. Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France.

# data[].attributes.body
Terms of Treaty of Saigon
1. Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France
2. French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River
3. The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened to free trade
4. Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam
5. Vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory to other western power without the permission of France
6. Vietnam was to pay and indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France

Terms of Treaty of Hue
1. Tonkin and Annan became French protectorates, hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony
2. Vietnam’s foreign relations were to be controlled by France
3. French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces
4. The Red River was opened to trade
5. Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France

1 Similarity
Vietnam was to pay money as compensation to France (common criteria )
- Treaty of Saigon ( 4 million silver dollars)
- Treaty of Hue ( large amount)

1 Difference
Control over foreign affairs ( common criteria)
- partial control ( Treaty of Saigon) ( evidence)
- full control ( Treaty of Hue) ( evidence)

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty of Saigon :Saigon and 3 surrounding provinces in Cochin china were creded to France, France can sail freely along Mekong river. Catholicism was allowed in Vietnam and Vietnam need to pay indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France . Vietnam also needs to seek the permission of France to cede territory to the western powers.

Tonkin and annam became French protectorates
They were controlled by France
French residents appointed in all provinces
Red river opened to trade
Vietnam had to pay large indemnity to France

Similarities: need pay indemnity (4 million silver coins large amount )
Difference control over foreign affairs (partially and full control)

# data[].attributes.body
Terms Of Saigon
Saigon And Three Surronding Provinces In Cochin-China Were Ceded To France
French Ships Were Allowed To Sail Freely Along The Mekong River
The Ports Of Da Nang, Ba Lat And Quang Yen Were Opened To Free Trade
Catholicism Was Officially Allowed Throughtout Vietnam
Vietnam Was Not Allowed To Cede Its Territory To Other Western Powers Without The Permission Of France
Vietnam Was To Pay A Indemnity Of 4 Million Silver Dollars To France

Treaty Of Hue
To kin And Annam Became French Protectorate, Hence The Whole Of Vietnam Became A French Colony
Vietnam’s Foreign Relations Were To Be Controlled By France
French Residents Were To Be Appointed In All Provinces
The Red River Was Opened To Trade
Vietnam Had To Pay A Large Indemnity To France

1 Similarity Is That Both Treaties, Vietnam Had To Pay A Large Indemnity
1 Difference Is The Control Over Foreign Affairs
Partial Control In Saigon
Full Control In Hue

# data[].attributes.body
Number 4 of Hue and Number 2 of Saigon
They both allowed the free sailing of French ships through their rivers

Number 2 of Hue and Number 5 of Saigon
Vietnam’s foreign relation is controlled by the French in hue while the Vietnam had full foreign relation control aside from land ownership

# data[].attributes.body
-treaty of saigon

1. SAIGON and 3 surrounding provinces in COCHIN CHINA was ceded to FRANCE

2. FRENCH ships were allowed to sail freely along the MEKONG RIVER

3. the ports of DA NANG , BA LAT AND QUANG YEN were opened to free trade

4.the catholicism was officially allowed throughout VIETNAM

5. VIETNAM was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of FRANCE

6. VIETNAM was to pay indemnity of 4million silver dollars to FRANCE

-terms of treaty of HUE

1. TONKIN AND ANNAM became FRENCH protectorates , hence the whole of VIETNAM became a FRENCH colony

2. VIETNAMESE foreign relations were to be controlled by FRANCE

3. FRENCH residents were to be appointed in all provinces

4. the red river was open to trade

5. VIETNAM had to pay a large indemnity to FRANCE

-1S1D

1. Vietnam has to pay large sums of money to the French (S)

2. in the treaty of SAIGON, only SAIGON and 3 surrounding provinces in COCHIN CHINA were ceded to France while in the treaty of HUE, the whole of vietnam became a french colony

-athena

# data[].attributes.body
Saigon - Saigon and 3 surrounding provinces in Cochin-China ceded to France, French ships were allowed to sail freely, parts of Da Nag, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were open to free trade, catholicism was allowed through vietnam, vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory, Vietnam was to pay an idemnity of 4 mil silver dollars to France

Hue - Tonkin and Anna, became French protectorates, foreigh relations were connected to France, French residents were appointed to all the provinces, The Red Silver is open to trade, Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France.

# data[].attributes.body
•List the reforms brought about by Sir Hugh Low.

Sir Hugh Low established the Perak State Council. He ended debt-slavery and established the collection of revenue.

•state how these reforms impacted Perak

These reforms contributed to the development of Perak as for example proper collection of revenue, prevented overspending and encouraged investment in Perak. In his 12 years in Perak, Low firmly established a peaceful administration.

•Boon or bane?

His reforms was a boon as it helped Perak become more developed and he ended debt-slavery which was a major accomplishment, as Sir WW James attempted to do these things but failed and was later killed. This proves that Sir Hugh Low impacted Perak in a positive manner.

# data[].attributes.headline
French Indo-China (Process of Colonialism)

# data[].attributes.subject
French Indo-China (Process of Colonialism)

# data[].attributes.body
1) State the terms of Treaty of Saigon
2) State the terms of Treaty of Hue and Protectorate
3) Give 1 similarity and 1 difference between the 2.

# data[].attributes.body
1) abolishing debt slavery
Allows the slaves in debt to be freed and compensated the slaves that were in debt and makes the society more modernised, and the past owners of the slaves could also get their money from debt hence agreeing with the abolishment of slaves (boon)

2) collection of revenue
Allows collection of taxes and separated Perak into different districts, making it more organised. (Boon) money can be used for more uses

3) convincing chinese miners to use British technology, helps the British to get more money since their Technology is being used and benefits both teams with one getting more money and the other having use of better technology (boon)

# data[].attributes.body
Was British colonialism a boon or a bane for Malaya?

# data[].attributes.headline
Post any questions you might have about the chapter here

# data[].attributes.subject
Post any questions you might have about the chapter here

# data[].attributes.body
1. Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates9, hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony.
2. Vietnam's foreign relations were to be controlled by France.
3. French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces.
4. The Red River was opened to trade.
5. Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France.

# data[].attributes.body
1) Terms of the Treaty of Saigon :
- Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France
- French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong river
- The parts of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened to free trade
- Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam
- Vietnam was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of France
- Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France
Terms of Treaty of Hue :
- Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates, hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony
- Vietnam’s foreign relations were to be controlled by France
- French residents were to be appointed in all provinces
- The Red River was opened to trade
- Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France
2)
Similarity : Both Saigon and Hue was to pay a large sum of money to France
Difference : The level of control the French have over Vietnam
Saigon ; partially controlled
Hue ; fully controlled

# data[].attributes.body
1) terms of the Treaty on Saigon
- Saigon and 3 surrounding provinces in Cochin-china were ceded to France
- Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam and had to pay indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France

2) treaty of hue and protectorate
- Tonkin and Annan became French protectorates, whole of Vietnam became a French colony
- Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France , Vietnams foreign relations were controlled by France

3) similarity between 1) and 2) :: both points has Vietnam needing to pay a large indemnity to France
Difference between 1) and 2) :: there is control over foreign affairs, partial control (signing the treaty of Saigon)

# data[].attributes.headline
did the ruling class of Perak realise that their rights were taken away?

# data[].attributes.subject
did the ruling class of Perak realise that their rights were taken away?

# data[].attributes.body
Abolishing debt slavery compensation for slaves freed and make the society more humane (BOON)

British collect taxes manage to separate Perak into districts like into villages. This made Perak more organise (BOON)

Perak state council , all aspects of society were represented,manage to build good relationships (BOON)

# data[].attributes.body
Hugh Low’s Reforms

1)Courts of justice were formed by the European magistrates who were assisted by the Malay magistrates.
2)Compensation given to the debt-slavery, became more modern and humane.
3)The Chinese miners were able to work more efficient and tin was because British provided the technology that they had.
4)He divided Perak into districts and each district will have their own headmen. Headmen kept peace, settled minor disputes, reported accidents and helped to collect taxes on land and other revenue.

The residential system was a boon for the Perak. Sir Hugh Low helped Perak to become more modern and developed. Also, Sir Hugh Low impacted Perak a lot.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Saigon and three surrounding
provinces in Cochin-China were
ceded to France.
2. French ships were allowed to sail
freely along the Mekong River.
3. The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat
and Quang Yen were opened to
free trade.
4. Catholicism was officially
allowed throughout Vietnam.
5. Vietnam was not allowed to
cede its territory to other Western
powers without the permission of
France.
6. Vietnam was to pay an indemnity
of 4 million silver dollars to France

# data[].attributes.headline
Impact of the Residential System on Malaya

# data[].attributes.subject
Impact of the Residential System on Malaya

# data[].attributes.body
1) Choose 3 reforms by Sir Hugh Low during his reign as Resident in Perak

2) Describe their impact on Perak.

3) Was the Residential System a boon (+ve) or a bane (-ve) in Malaya? Provide your opinion and support it with reasons.

# data[].attributes.headline
Hugh Low was able to abolish debt slavery.Attain taxes from the locals Built good relations with the locals Hugh by attaining taxes from the locals was able to make Perak one of the most economically wealthy states in Malaya which benefited almost everyone except the bottom line in Malaya , He also worked closely with Raja Yusuf and Raja Idris to attain peace within the country

# data[].attributes.subject
Hugh Low was able to abolish debt slavery.Attain taxes from the locals Built good relations with the locals Hugh by attaining taxes from the locals was able to make Perak one of the most economically wealthy states in Malaya which benefited almost everyone except the bottom line in Malaya , He also worked closely with Raja Yusuf and Raja Idris to attain peace within the country

# data[].attributes.body
List The Reforms Brought About By Sir Hugh Low.

State How These Reforms Changed Perak

BOON OR BANE?

-Abolishing Debt-Slavery By Compensating Slave Owners For The Loss Of Their Slaves.

This Allowed Perak To Abolished Debt-Slavery Without Any Resentment And Allowed Families To Be Back Together

(BOON)

-Influence Chinese Miners To Use Modern British Mining Equipment

Allowed The Country To Increase Revenue As The Tin-Mining Industry Flourished.

(BOON)

-The Duty Of Revenue Collection Was Given To The Resident And His Assistants, The Sultan And His Chiefs Supported This Move As They Were Given Due Compensation

State Revenue Was Increased Due To This

(BOON)

# data[].attributes.body
Debt-slavery abolishment
- What made it different from Birch?: Good working relationships, reforms were not forced.
- The powerful were compensated with money to free slaves.
- Slaves are no longer in debt and no longer need to serve under the rich, living better and more humane lives
Boon or Bane?
BOON

Establishment of the Perak State Council
- Democratic system, forms good relationship with Sultan and his chiefs by discussing instead of a dictatorship
- Restore peace and order
- Settled state debt of 800,000 Straits dollars in six years
Boon or Bane?
BOON

Influencing Chinese miners to use modern British mining equipment
- Introducing tin-mining methods, foreign investment
- Tin-mining flourished
- Revenue for Perak increased, assisting to settle the debt of 800,000 Straits dollars
Boon or Bane?
BOON

# data[].attributes.body
1.    Establish Perak State Council consist of the Sutan and the Resident as well as Malay, Chinese and British representatives.
— This helps him to restore peace and rule, and solved the state’s dept problem.
(Boon)

2. Influencing Chinese miners in Perak to use modern British mining equipment by using his friendship with a prominent Chinese leader.
— Introducing better tin-mining methods
— Encouraging foreigner to invest.
As a result, the tin-mining flourished and the revenue of Perak also increased.
(Boon)

3. Abolishing debt-slavery
— Compensating the slave owners for getting the freedom of slaves.
Slaves did not need to work for those wealthy people anymore due to the debt, they got freedom.
On the other hand, it is also a way that the traditional Malay rules changed to British intervention.
(Boon)

# data[].attributes.body
When did the British start to take full control of the state of Perak and what happens to the Malay rulers then?

# data[].attributes.body
The establishment of the Perak state court/the collection of revenue and the abolishment of debt slavery.

By abolishing debt slavery through compensation for every slave freed, the British helps to turn Perak into a more modernized society, as slavery was considered as barbaric to the British.The British collected taxes or revenues from each headman of every village and gives a fixed amount of compensation to the Sultan.This takes away the power or control the Malay rulers have,as the Malay rulers were the one that are supposed to collect the revenues instead of the British.Thus by allowing the British to collect the texas,the power or control of the Malay rulers are being taken away.The establishment of the Perak state council, which comprises of the sultan and the European and assisted by the Malay magistrates have helped to build stronger relationships between the British and the people of Perak .
The residential system was a bane as the control or power of the Malay rulers were taken over by the British.Thus the British are the ones that run the country and make decisions to advise the rulers how to govern the people or state.

# data[].attributes.body
List the reforms brought about by Sir Hugh Low:

Sir Hugh Low was able to establish the Perak State council,abolish debt-slavery and convincing Chinese miners to use British tech.

State how these reforms changed Perak.Boon or Bare?

By abolishing debt-slavery,it helped Perak to become more modernised and no one had to experience human cruelty anymore.By establishing the Perak State council,it comprises of the Sultan as well as the Malays,Chineseans British representatives.This helped to restore peace and order.By convincing Chinese miners to use British tech,the tin mining industry flourished and revenues in Perak also increased.

(Boon)

# data[].attributes.headline
Reforms brought by Hugh Low and their impacts :

# data[].attributes.subject
Reforms brought by Hugh Low and their impacts :

# data[].attributes.body
1) Hugh Low established the Perak State Council which built good relationships, took care of all matters relating to the development of Perak, made the Sultan the president & represented all aspects of society. - boon

2) Hugh Low abolished debt slavery by giving compensation to for the freed slaves and made the people who owned them think he understood them. Since they got money for the slaves they owned, they agreed with the abolishment of slaves. This made society more modernised and more humane. - boon

3) Hugh Low collected revenue (taxes) from people and gave allowance to the sultan. This caused Perak to separate into districts with villages and headmen. Power was also taken away from the ruling class due to this. - boon

# data[].attributes.body
1.-collection of revenue

-Court of Justice ( European magistrates assisted by Malay magistrates)

-able to influence the Chinese miners in Perak to use British equipment

2.- Collection of revenue has a fair distribution, the British collect the taxes & compensation and give the allowance to the Sultan, this makes Perak more organised. (Boon)

-The courts of justice are formed by the European Magistrates assisted by the Malay Magistrates, this cause the system become more structured and orderly  (Boon)

-convince the Chinese miners to use British technology, the Chinese are able to work more efficiently and leads to a more modernised and humane society (Boon)

In conclusion,the residential system has brought lots of boon to the Perak

# data[].attributes.body
He helped abolish debt slavery and compensated those with slaves to give them up for money which meant that he got to abolish slavery without any resentment felt towards him
(Boon)

Helped convince Chinese workers to switch to British mining gear instead (boon for the British and miners as now the miners have better equipment and the British get to make more money off those miners)

He started having the British collect taxes instead while having the sultan get an allowance instead making no bad blood in the process as both people benefited from this but the sultan lost more power and control as now they were being given allowance instead of collecting it themselves
Overall (Boon)

# data[].attributes.body
1. courts of justice were formed with European magistrates who were assisted by malay magistrates (BOON) •peace is restored

2.perak divided into districts and each district was subdivided into villages with their own headmen (BOON)

3. the village headmen kept the peace, settled minor disputes, reported accidents and helped to collect taxes on land and other revenue (BOON)

# data[].attributes.body
boon : village headmen helped to collect taxes on land and other revenue while keeping the peace

boon : malay magistrates assisted to form courts of justice

# data[].attributes.body
boon : abolished debt slavery compensation for slaves frred and make the society more human , without any resentment

# data[].attributes.body
boon
helped to stop debt slavery and made sure they were compensated and okay with it

# data[].attributes.body
boon
convince chinese to us british mining technology

# data[].attributes.headline
Did the ruling class of Perak realise that Birch’s intention was good?

# data[].attributes.subject
Did the ruling class of Perak realise that Birch’s intention was good?

# data[].attributes.body
Who suffered more from the ruling of Hugh Lowe

# data[].attributes.body
Why couldn’t they have split the taxes collected with each other?

# data[].attributes.body
What happen to Hugh Low? Does he stays in Perak or he went to different countries.

# data[].attributes.body
What happened to James Birch’s parents?Did they also get murdered?

# data[].attributes.body
Did they feel threatened by hugh lowe?

# data[].attributes.body
What does Sir Hugh Low do after he retire

# data[].attributes.body
what happened to Hugh low after he helped to benefit the people in perak

# data[].attributes.body
Are Sultan the most powerful ruler in Perak

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 2: did birch’s head completely fall off at one point after his death

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 2: did birch’s head completely fall off at one point after his death

# data[].attributes.body
Ms Zhou why you tell us Hugh Low is the second president of Perak, the information in the textbook Showa that Hugh Low is the fourth president of Perak. Are there other two president in Perak before Hugh Low?

# data[].attributes.body
Did Hugh Low stay in Perak until he died or did he eventually live?

# data[].attributes.headline
Question: Was Debt-Slavery completely abolished later on? 

# data[].attributes.subject
Question: Was Debt-Slavery completely abolished later on? 

# data[].attributes.body
Why did they accept another resident into their state even after Sir James ww birch? Wouldn’t another resident make them feel threatened?

# data[].attributes.headline
Did Hugh Low stay until he died or did he move to other countries

# data[].attributes.subject
Did Hugh Low stay until he died or did he move to other countries

# data[].attributes.body
What is Pangkor Treaty 😅

# data[].attributes.body
What was the standard for a modern society back then

# data[].attributes.headline
How much “allowance” was the Sultan given

# data[].attributes.subject
How much “allowance” was the Sultan given

# data[].attributes.body
When the British take away the revenue which makes the sultan lose power, does the sultan know about it but still ignore since they get money?

# data[].attributes.body
Was There Any Reforms That Made The British Suffer A Bane