# data[].attributes.headline
Evaluation of Biofield | Antimicrobials of A. Baumannii

# data[].attributes.subject
Evaluation of Biofield | Antimicrobials of A. Baumannii

# data[].attributes.body
| The biofield energy treatment changed the susceptibility of antimicrobials against microbe, in a continuation of already published reports. As a result, the microbe that was intermediate responsiveness changed to either resistant or susceptible to a particular drug after biofield treatment.

# data[].attributes.body
| Go through the link, to know how the human energy treatment has its impact in altering the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, biochemical reactions & biotype number of A. baumannii.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A.

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A. Baumannii - Phenotypic Characteristics

# data[].attributes.subject
A. Baumannii - Phenotypic Characteristics

# data[].attributes.body
| Due to the impact of biofield treatment, the microbes of treated sample were reacts & led to alteration in phenotypic characteristics of the microorganism.

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Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Shrikant Patil, Harish Shettigar, Mayank Gangwar and Snehasis Jana

DOI: 10.4172/2376-0311.1000117 ISSN: 2376-0311
Citation
Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study. J Clin Diagn Res 3:117. doi:10.4172/2376-0311.1000117
Abstract
Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii ( A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A. baumannii cells were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 19606) number and stored according to the recommended storage protocols until needed for experiments. Two sets of ATCC samples were taken in this experiment and denoted as A and B. ATCC-A sample was revived and divided into two parts i.e. Gr.I (control) and Gr.II (revived) analyzed on day 5 and 10, respectively; likewise, ATCC-B was labeled as Gr.III (lyophilized) and was assessed on day 10. Gr.II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield and were analyzed for its antimicrobial sensitivity, MIC value, biochemical reactions and biotype number with respect to control. Experimental results showed the impact of biofield treatment directly onto the revived and lyophilized form of A. baumannii and found alteration both in qualitative and quantitative aspect as compared with untreated groups. These results showed altered sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials in biofield treated group as compared to control. Apart from altered MIC values, changes were also observed in biotype number of revived treated group as compared to control. These findings suggest that biofield treatment can prevent the emergence of absolute resistance of existing antimicrobials to A. baumannii.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; Antimicrobials susceptibility; Biofield treatment; Biochemical reactions; Biotyping
Introduction
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, obligate aerobic coccus mostly causing infections in healthcare settings and found mostly in soil, water, and sewage [1]. Bacteremia caused by A. baumannii is a common nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. Acinetobacter spp. consists of non-fermenting, coccobacilli and they are opportunistic pathogens [2]. Initially, A. baumannii infections were at low potential but now a days it is responsible for several types of hospital acquired infections and regarded as one of the most troublesome pathogens [3,4]. Unique feature of this organism is the ability to utilize different carbon sources and its ability to survive in a range of temperatures and pH conditions. La Scola and Raoult [5] studied and found that this microbe may utilize the arthropod source for mean of transmission, which they isolated from human body lice. Mortality rates of patients suffering A. baumannii infections can be as high as 75% [6]. Currently, no alternative treatment approaches are available for multidrug resistance microorganism, but biofield treatment may be a new approach to cope up with this global problem.

Biofield is the name given to the electromagnetic field that permeates and surrounds living organisms. It is the scientifically preferred term for the biologically produced electromagnetic and subtle energy field that provides regulatory and communication functions within the organism. However, the energy can exists in several forms such as kinetic, potential, electrical, magnetic, and nuclear. Similarly, the human nervous system consists of the energy and chemical information in the form of electrical signals. Thus, human has the ability to harness the energy from environment or universe and can transmit into any leaving or nonliving object(s) around the globe. The objects always receive the energy and responding into useful way that is called biofield energy and the process is known as biofield treatment. In spite of countless study reports of the effectiveness of biofield therapies [7], there are very few well controlled and peer-reviewed experimental studies [8]. According to law of mass-energy inter-conversion [9], the conversion of mass into energy is well stabilized, but its inversion i.e. energy into mass has not yet proved scientifically. Whenever these electrical signals fluctuate with time, the magnetic field generates as per the Ampere-Maxwell law, and cumulatively known as electromagnetic field. As responses by humans can be accounted for by the placebo effect, these experiments on lower organisms were designed in order to directly test the impact of biofield energy through scientific studies to rule out the placebo effect. It is widely accepted that lyophilization is the method most commonly used to store and transport microbial cultures, as change in the biochemical and enzymatic characteristics of an organism cannot be carried out in this state. Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment (The Trivedi effect ®) is well-known to change the various physicochemical characteristics of various materials after his biofield treatment. In addition, Mr. Trivedi biofield has considerably altered the antimicrobials susceptibility and biochemical reactions of microbes against tested antimicrobials [10-12]. It has also significantly altered the crystalline and powder characteristics of metals [13-20]. In agriculture, biofield treated crops has been reported for a significant change on growth, characteristics and yield of plants [21-25]. There are scanty reports on investigating biofield treatment against microbes. Present study reports the impact of biofield on A. baumannii, for its antimicrobials susceptibility pattern along with biochemical properties of revived and lyophilized cells of A. baumannii as compared to its control groups.
Experimental Section
A. baumannii strains were procured from MicroBioLogics, Inc., USA, in two sets A and B. Two different sealed packs were stored with proper storage conditions until further use. Following parameters like antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions and biotype number were estimated with help of automation on the Microscan Walkaway system (Dade Behring Siemens) using NBPC30 panel with respect to control groups. Finally, all the groups (i.e. control and treated) were investigated for its antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions pattern and biotyping. All antimicrobials and biochemicals were procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA.
Study Design and Biofield Treatment Modality
Two ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) samples (ATCC A and B) of A. baumannii were grouped and subject to biofield treatment. ATCC A sample was revived and divided into two parts Gr.I (control) and Gr.II (revived); likewise, ATCC B was labeled as Gr.III (lyophilized). Then group II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield energy. The treatment groups were in sealed pack and handed over to Mr. Trivedi for biofield treatment under laboratory condition. Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission process to the treated groups without touching the samples. Gr.II was assessed on the 5 th and 10 th days after treatment while Gr. III was assessed on 10 th day. Finally, all the groups (control and treated) were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions pattern and biotyping compared with control.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of A. baumannii was studied using MicroScan Walk-Away ® NBPC30 as per manufacturer's instructions. The qualitative antimicrobial susceptibility pattern (S: Susceptible, I: Intermediate, NR: Not Reported, and R: Resistant) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined by observing the change in antimicrobial concentration as per the latest CLSI guidelines [26].
Biochemical Reaction and Biotype Number Studies
The biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii were also determined by MicroScan Walk-Away ® system. Effect of biofield treatment on A. baumannii to the vital processes occurring in living organisms were studied [27].

R: Resistant; I: Intermediate; S: Susceptible; NR: Not Reported; Gr: Group

Table 1: Antimicrobial susceptibility assay of control and biofield treated A. baumannii.
Results Antimicrobials susceptibility assay
The data pertaining to the antimicrobials susceptibility tests and details of MIC values of biofield effect were observed, analyzed and reported in Tables 1 and 2. The effect of biofield treatment showed that the cefepime, converted from I → S in lyophilized treated group, gentamicin converted from I → R in all the treated group and piperacillin converted from S → I only in lyophilized biofield treatment group as compared to control. Quantitative assessment, MIC results showed that amoxicillin/K-clavulante, β-lactamase-inhibiting antimicrobial have showed a decrease in values i.e. from 16/8 to less than 8/4 µg/mL in both the treated groups as compared with control. Gentamicin value increased in all the groups after biofield treatment as compared to control. Nitrofurantoin showed increased MIC value in Gr. II, while norfloxacin showed increased MIC in Gr. II as compared to control. Rest antimicrobials did not show any change in susceptibility pattern and MIC value after biofield treatment compared to control.

MIC data are presented in µg/mL; ESBL-a,b Scrn: Extended-spectrum-beta- lactamase screen; Gr: Group

Table 2: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A. baumannii for tested antimicrobials
Identification by biochemical reaction
Biochemical reactions denoted with codes were tabulated and showed positive reaction in case of nitrofurantion on day 5 and 10 i.e. from negative (-) to positive (+) in revived treated group (Gr II) with respect to control (Table 3).

Table 3: Eوٴect of biofield treatment on biochemical reactions of A. baumannii.
Identification by biotype number
Biochemical tests results revealed a change in biotype number in Gr.II at day 5 and 10 of A. baumannii after biofield treatment with respect to control ( Table 4).

Table 4: Eوٴect of biofield treatment on A. baumannii. to distinguishing feature of the genotype
Discussion
Biofield treatment is effective and has been experimentally demonstrated change in susceptibility pattern, biochemical reaction and biotype number in experimental setup designed above. Results were unexpected and unprecedented based on the literature so far. These results assumed the presence of energy in biofield with which microbe reacts, which led to alteration of phenotypic characteristics of the microorganism.

Due to the high frequency of antimicrobial multidrug resistance among clinical isolates of A. baumannii, it causes serious problems in the choice of appropriate antimicrobials in the past 15 years [3]. This experiment showed that, biofield treatment induces changes in susceptibility pattern of cefepime, gentamicin and piperacillin antimicrobials. However, most frequent mechanism of resistance expressed by Gram-negative organisms against cefepime is the production of β-lactamases that are able to hydrolyze the drugs [28]. Cefepime resistance mechanism is demonstrated in A. baumannii by a combination of hyperproduction of the chromosomal OXA-51/69-like carbapenemases, activation of efflux pumps (i.e. AdeABC) and probably porin changes [29]. The expression of OXA-type carbapenemases in the absence of the other mechanisms of resistance does not result in high-level cefepime resistance. Similarly, expression of chromosomal Acinetobacter-derived cephalosporinase by A. baumannii does not seem to confer resistance. By contrast, production of certain acquired class D OXA-type carbapenemases and/or metallo-β-lactamases are important mechanisms of resistance against cefepime [30,31]. Change in susceptibility pattern in cefepime might be due to the influence of biofield treatment, which may inhibits the production of beta-lactamases enzymes (carbapenemases like) or inactivation of efflux pumps. Quantitative aspect showed lowering in MIC values and change in biotype number which was an accurate approach for epidemiologic investigation of A. baumannii as compared with untreated group. Biotype number of particular organism was arrived at after interpreting the results of the biochemical reactions which led to the particular organism identification. Biotyping makes use of the pattern of metabolic activities expressed by an isolate, colonial morphology and environmental tolerances. In this experiment, biotyping was performed using automated system and found a significant change in the biofield treated Gr. II on day 5 and 10. Among the β-lactamase antimicrobials and inhibitors, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid have shown good efficacy in treating A. baumannii infections [32] and their decreases MIC values may represent an alternative treatment option for severe nosocomial infections caused due to A. baumannii. The biochemical tests like oxidases, nitrate, indole negative and catalase positive are the basic biochemical characteristics of A. baumannii confirmed in this experiment, as Acinetobacter spp. and members of the Moraxellaceae family [2]. In addition, it should be noted that different bacterial strains differ in their characteristics, and it is possible that some microbes are more susceptible/resistant towards biofield treatment than others. The present research data suggest that biofield treatment changed the susceptibility of antimicrobials against microbe, in a continuation of already published reports [10-25]. As a result, the microbe that was intermediate responsiveness changed to either resistant or susceptible to a particular drug after biofield treatment.
Conclusion
Present study concludes the impact of biofield treatment on changes in susceptibility pattern of A. baumannii which was confirmed by standard procedures with respect to MIC value, biochemical study and biotype number. Biofield treatment could be applied to alter the sensitivity of antimicrobials to fight against infections microbes due to the emergence of multi drug-resistant strains.
Acknowledgement
Authors gratefully acknowledged the support of Trivedi science, Trivedi testimonials and Trivedi master wellness.
References
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32. Higgins PG, Wisplinghoff H, Stefanik D, Seifert H (2004) In vitro activities of the ß-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam alone or in combination with ß-lactams against epidemiologically characterized multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48: 1586-1592.
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Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study - Trivedi Science

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Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii.

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Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study | Mahendra Trivedi | Shrikant Patil | Harish Shettigar | Mayank Gangwar | Snehasis Jana | Academic Room

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Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A.

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Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of

1Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA.

2Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India

*Corresponding author: Jana S, Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026,

Copyright: © 2015 Trivedi MK, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted

use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity

pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A.

baumannii cells were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the American Type Culture Collection

(ATCC 19606) number and stored according to the recommended storage protocols until needed for experiments.

Two sets of ATCC samples were taken in this experiment and denoted as A and B. ATCC-A sample was revived and

divided into two parts i.e. Gr.I (control) and Gr.II (revived) analyzed on day 5 and 10, respectively; likewise, ATCC-B

was labeled as Gr.III (lyophilized) and was assessed on day 10. Gr.II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield

and were analyzed for its antimicrobial sensitivity, MIC value, biochemical reactions and biotype number with respect

to control. Experimental results showed the impact of biofield treatment directly onto the revived and lyophilized form

of A. baumannii and found alteration both in qualitative and quantitative aspect as compared with untreated groups.

These results showed altered sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials in biofield treated group as compared to control.

compared to control. These findings suggest that biofield treatment can prevent the emergence of absolute

resistance of existing antimicrobials to A. baumannii.

; Antimicrobials susceptibility;

Bioeld treatment; Biochemical reactions; Biotyping

coccus mostly causing infections in healthcare settings and found

A.

is a common nosocomial infection in critically ill patients.

Acinetobacter spp. consists of non-fermenting, coccobacilli and they

are opportunistic pathogens [2]. Initially,

at low potential but now a days it is responsible for several types of

hospital acquired infections and regarded as one of the most

troublesome pathogens [3,4]. Unique feature of this organism is the

ability to utilize dierent carbon sources and its ability to survive in a

range of temperatures and pH conditions. L a Scola and R aoult [5]

studied and found that this microbe may utilize the arthropod source

for mean of transmission, which they isolated from human body lice.

Mortality rates of patients suering

high as 75% [6]. Currently, no alternative treatment approaches are

available for multidrug resistance microorganism, but bioeld

treatment may be a new approach to cope up with this global problem.

Bioeld is the name given to the electromagnetic eld that

preferred term for the biologically produced electromagnetic and

functions within the organism. However, the energy can exists in

nuclear. Similarly, the human ner vous system consists of the energy

and chemical information in the form of electr ical signals. us,

human has the ability to harness the energy from environment or

universe and can transmit into any leaving or nonliving objec t(s)

around the globe. e objects always receive the energy and

process is known as bioeld treatment. In spite of countless study

reports of the eectiveness of bioeld therapies [7], there are very few

well controlled and peer-reviewed experimental studies [8]. According

to law of mass-energy inter-conversion [9], the conversion of mass into

energy is well stabilized, but its inversion i.e. energy into mass has not

with time, the magnetic eld generates as per the Ampere-Maxwell

law, and cumulatively known as electromagnetic eld. As responses by

humans can be accounted for by the placebo eect, these experiments

on lower organisms were designed in order to directly test the impact

of bioeld energy through scientic studies to rule out the placebo

eect. It is widely accepted that lyophilization is the method most

commonly used to store and transport microbial cultures, as change in

the biochemical and enzymatic characteristics of an organism cannot

eect® ) is well-known to change the various physicochemical

addition, Mr. Trivedi bioeld has considerably altered the

antimicrobials susceptibility and biochemical reactions of microbes

against tested antimicrobials [10-12]. It has also signicantly altered

change on growth, characteristics and yield of plants [21-25]. ere are

JBR Journal of Clinical Diagnosis and

Research Trivedi et al., J Clin Diagn Res 2015, 3:1

http://dx.doi.org/0.4172/2376-0311.1000117

Research Articleopen access

ISSN:2376-0311 JBR Journal of Clinical Diagnosis and Research open accessVolume 3 * Issue 1 * 1000117

scanty reports on investigating bioeld treatment against microbes.

Present study reports the impact of bioeld on

antimicrobials susceptibility pattern along with biochemical properties

of revived and lyophilized cells of

strains were procured f rom MicroBioLogics, Inc.,

USA, in two sets A and B. Two dierent s ealed packs were stored with

proper storage conditions until further use. Following parameters like

antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions and biotype number

were estimated with help of automation on the Microscan Walkaway

system (Dade Behring Siemens) using NBPC30 panel with respect to

control groups. Finally, all the groups (i.e. control and treated) were

investigated for its antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions

procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA.

Study Design and Bioeld Treatment Modality

Two ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) samples (ATCC A

treatment. ATCC A sample was revived and divided into two parts Gr.I

(control) and Gr.II (revived); likewise, ATCC B was labeled as Gr.III

(lyophilized). en group II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's

bioeld energy. e treatment groups were in seale d pack and handed

over to Mr. Trivedi for bioeld treatment under laboratory condition.

Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission

process to the treated groups without touching the samples. Gr.II was

assessed on 10th day. Finally, all the groups (control and treated) were

investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions

pattern and biotyping compared with control.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of

instructions. e qualitative antimicrobial susceptibility pattern (S:

Susceptible, I: Intermediate, NR: Not Reported, and R: Resistant) and

observing the change in antimicrobial concentration as per the latest

Biochemical Reaction and Biotype Number Studies

e biochemical reactions and biotype number of

to the vital processes occur ring in

living organisms were studied [27].

S.

No.

AntimicrobialType of Response

9 ChloramphenicolRR R R

R: Resistant; I: Intermediate; S: Susceptible; NR: Not Reported; Gr: Group

Antimicrobials susceptibility assay

e data pertaining to the antimicrobials susceptibility tests and

the cefepime, converted from I → S in lyophilized treated group,

piperacillin converted from S → I only in lyophilized bioeld treatment

group as compared to control. Quantitative assessment, MIC results

antimicrobial have showed a decrease in values i.e. f rom 16/8 to less

than 8/4 µg/mL in both the treated groups as compared with control.

compared to control. Nitrofurantoin showed increased MIC value in

Gr. II, while noroxacin showed increased MIC in Gr. II as compared

to control. Rest antimicrobials did not show any change in

S.

No.

AntimicrobialType of Response

Citation: Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of

ISSN:2376-0311 JBR Journal of Clinical Diagnosis and Research open accessVolume 3 * Issue 1 * 1000117

4 Ampicillin>16>16 >16 >16

6 Cefazolin>16>16 >16 >16

9 Cefotetan>32>32 >32 >32

MIC data are presented in µg/mL; ESBL-a,b Scrn: Extended-spectrum-beta-

lactamase screen; Gr: Group

Table 2: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of

for tested antimicrobials.

Identication by biochemical reaction

showed positive reaction in case of nitrofurantion on day 5 and 10 i.e.

from negative (-) to positive (+) in revived treated group (Gr II) with

respect to control (Table 3).

S.

No.

CodeBiochemicalType of Response

Citation: Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of

ISSN:2376-0311 JBR Journal of Clinical Diagnosis and Research open accessVolume 3 * Issue 1 * 1000117

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Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study

Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A. baumannii cells were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 19606) number and stored according to the recommended storage protocols until needed for experiments. Two sets of ATCC samples were taken in this experiment and denoted as A and B. ATCC-A sample was revived and divided into two parts i.e. Gr.I (control) and Gr.II (revived) analyzed on day 5 and 10, respectively; likewise, ATCC-B was labeled as Gr.III (lyophilized) and was assessed on day 10. Gr.II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield and were analyzed for its antimicrobial sensitivity, MIC value, biochemical reactions and biotype number with respect to control. Experimental results showed the impact of biofield treatment directly onto the revived and lyophilized form of A. baumannii and found alteration both in qualitative and quantitative aspect as compared with untreated groups. These results showed altered sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials in biofield treated group as compared to control. Apart from altered MIC values, changes were also observed in biotype number of revived treated group as compared to control. These findings suggest that biofield treatment can prevent the emergence of absolute resistance of existing antimicrobials to A. baumannii.

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Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A.

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Spiritual Energy Healing Treatment | A. Baumannii

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Spiritual Energy Healing Treatment | A. Baumannii

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| Read here to know about how a unique energy healing treatment has its impact on the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of A. baumannii.

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"Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A.

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Impact of Biofield | Biotype Number of A. Baumannii

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Impact of Biofield | Biotype Number of A. Baumannii

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| Based on the research, it was observed that changes were occurred in the biotype number of the treated sample. Get to know more from the given link.

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Analysis of A. Baumannii Through Biotyping

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Analysis of A. Baumannii Through Biotyping

# data[].attributes.body
| In this research study, biotyping was performed using automated system and the result showed a significant change in biofield treated group of Acinetobacter baumannii as compared to the untreated group.

# data[].attributes.body
| In the current research, the MIC values showed alterations in the treated sample of A. baumannii as compared to the untreated sample. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum

# data[].attributes.headline
A. Baumannii | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay

# data[].attributes.subject
A. Baumannii | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay

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| The analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of both control & treated samples of A. baumannii was studied using MicroScan Walk-Away® NBPC30, to examine the effect of a unique energy healing treatment on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of A. baumannii.

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Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern: A. Baumannii

# data[].attributes.subject
Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern: A. Baumannii

# data[].attributes.body
| In the present research, it was observed that the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials was altered in the treated sample of A. baumannii as compared to the untreated sample.

# data[].attributes.body
| The aim of the current research was to investigate on the impact of energy healing treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of A. baumannii. For more details, follow the link.

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¹ Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA.

² Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India

Corresponding Author:

Jana S
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd.
Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City
Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026
Madhya Pradesh, India
Tel: 917556660006
E-mail: [email protected]

Received Date: July 03, 2015; Accepted Date: July 21, 2015; Published Date: July 23, 2015

Citation: Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study. J Clin Diagn Res 3:117. doi:10.4172/2376-0311.1000117

Copyright: © 2015 Trivedi MK, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Abstract

Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A. baumannii cells were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 19606) number and stored according to the recommended storage protocols until needed for experiments. Two sets of ATCC samples were taken in this experiment and denoted as A and B. ATCC-A sample was revived and divided into two parts i.e. Gr.I (control) and Gr.II (revived) analyzed on day 5 and 10, respectively; likewise, ATCC-B was labeled as Gr.III ( lyophilized) and was assessed on day 10. Gr.II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield and were analyzed for its antimicrobial sensitivity, MIC value, biochemical reactions and biotype number with respect to control. Experimental results showed the impact of biofield treatment directly onto the revived and lyophilized form of A. baumannii and found alteration both in qualitative and quantitative aspect as compared with untreated groups. These results showed altered sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials in biofield treated group as compared to control. Apart from altered MIC values, changes were also observed in biotype number of revived treated group as compared to control. These findings suggest that biofield treatment can prevent the emergence of absolute resistance of existing antimicrobials to A. baumannii.

Abstract

Global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii(A. baumannii) displays a mechanism of resistance to all existing antimicrobials. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii. A. baumannii cells were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 19606) number and stored according to the recommended storage protocols until needed for experiments. Two sets of ATCC samples were taken in this experiment and denoted as A and B. ATCC-A sample was revived and divided into two parts i.e. Gr.I (control) and Gr.II (revived) analyzed on day 5 and 10, respectively; likewise, ATCC-B was labeled as Gr.III (lyophilized) and was assessed on day 10. Gr.II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield and were analyzed for its antimicrobial sensitivity, MIC value, biochemical reactions and biotype number with respect to control. Experimental results showed the impact of biofield treatment directly onto the revived and lyophilized form of A. baumannii and found alteration both in qualitative and quantitative aspect as compared with untreated groups. These results showed altered sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials in biofield treated group as compared to control. Apart from altered MIC values, changes were also observed in biotype number of revived treated group as compared to control. These findings suggest that biofield treatment can prevent the emergence of absolute resistance of existing antimicrobials to A. baumannii.

Keywords

Acinetobacter baumannii; Antimicrobials susceptibility; Biofield treatment; Biochemical reactions; Biotyping

Introduction

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, obligate aerobic coccus mostly causing infections in healthcare settings and found mostly in soil, water, and sewage [ 1]. Bacteremia caused by A. baumannii is a common nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. Acinetobacter spp. consists of non-fermenting, coccobacilli and they are opportunistic pathogens [ 2]. Initially, A. baumannii infections were at low potential but now a days it is responsible for several types of hospital acquired infections and regarded as one of the most troublesome pathogens [ 3, 4]. Unique feature of this organism is the ability to utilize different carbon sources and its ability to survive in a range of temperatures and pH conditions. La Scola and Raoult [ 5] studied and found that this microbe may utilize the arthropod source for mean of transmission, which they isolated from human body lice. Mortality rates of patients suffering A. baumannii infections can be as high as 75% [ 6]. Currently, no alternative treatment approaches are available for multidrug resistance microorganism, but biofield treatment may be a new approach to cope up with this global problem.

Biofield is the name given to the electromagnetic field that permeates and surrounds living organisms. It is the scientifically preferred term for the biologically produced electromagnetic and subtle energy field that provides regulatory and communication functions within the organism. However, the energy can exists in several forms such as kinetic, potential, electrical, magnetic, and nuclear. Similarly, the human nervous system consists of the energy and chemical information in the form of electrical signals. Thus, human has the ability to harness the energy from environment or universe and can transmit into any leaving or nonliving object(s) around the globe. The objects always receive the energy and responding into useful way that is called biofield energy and the process is known as biofield treatment. In spite of countless study reports of the effectiveness of biofield therapies [ 7], there are very few well controlled and peer-reviewed experimental studies [ 8]. According to law of mass-energy inter-conversion [ 9], the conversion of mass into energy is well stabilized, but its inversion i.e. energy into mass has not yet proved scientifically. Whenever these electrical signals fluctuate with time, the magnetic field generates as per the Ampere-Maxwell law, and cumulatively known as electromagnetic field. As responses by humans can be accounted for by the placebo effect, these experiments on lower organisms were designed in order to directly test the impact of biofield energy through scientific studies to rule out the placebo effect. It is widely accepted that lyophilization is the method most commonly used to store and transport microbial cultures, as change in the biochemical and enzymatic characteristics of an organism cannot be carried out in this state. Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment (The Trivedi effect ®) is well-known to change the various physicochemical characteristics of various materials after his biofield treatment. In addition, Mr. Trivedi biofield has considerably altered the antimicrobials susceptibility and biochemical reactions of microbes against tested antimicrobials [ 10- 12]. It has also significantly altered the crystalline and powder characteristics of metals [ 13- 20]. In agriculture, biofield treated crops has been reported for a significant change on growth, characteristics and yield of plants [ 21- 25]. There are scanty reports on investigating biofield treatment against microbes. Present study reports the impact of biofield on A. baumannii, for its antimicrobials susceptibility pattern along with biochemical properties of revived and lyophilized cells of A. baumannii as compared to its control groups.

Experimental Section

A. baumannii strains were procured from MicroBioLogics, Inc., USA, in two sets A and B. Two different sealed packs were stored with proper storage conditions until further use. Following parameters like antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions and biotype number were estimated with help of automation on the Microscan Walkaway system (Dade Behring Siemens) using NBPC30 panel with respect to control groups. Finally, all the groups (i.e. control and treated) were investigated for its antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions pattern and biotyping. All antimicrobials and biochemicals were procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA.

Study Design and Biofield Treatment Modality

Two ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) samples (ATCC A and B) of A. baumannii were grouped and subject to biofield treatment. ATCC A sample was revived and divided into two parts Gr.I (control) and Gr.II (revived); likewise, ATCC B was labeled as Gr.III (lyophilized). Then group II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield energy. The treatment groups were in sealed pack and handed over to Mr. Trivedi for biofield treatment under laboratory condition. Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission process to the treated groups without touching the samples. Gr.II was assessed on the 5 th and 10 th days after treatment while Gr. III was assessed on 10 th day. Finally, all the groups (control and treated) were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions pattern and biotyping compared with control.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of A. baumannii was studied using MicroScan Walk-Away ® NBPC30 as per manufacturer's instructions. The qualitative antimicrobial susceptibility pattern (S: Susceptible, I: Intermediate, NR: Not Reported, and R: Resistant) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined by observing the change in antimicrobial concentration as per the latest CLSI guidelines [ 26].

Biochemical Reaction and Biotype Number Studies

The biochemical reactions and biotype number of A. baumannii were also determined by MicroScan Walk-Away ® system. Effect of biofield treatment on A. baumannii to the vital processes occurring in living organisms were studied [ 27].

Results
Antimicrobials susceptibility assay
The data pertaining to the antimicrobials susceptibility tests and details of MIC values of biofield effect were observed, analyzed and reported in Tables 1 and 2. The effect of biofield treatment showed that the cefepime, converted from I → S in lyophilized treated group, gentamicin converted from I → R in all the treated group and piperacillin converted from S → I only in lyophilized biofield treatment group as compared to control. Quantitative assessment, MIC results showed that amoxicillin/K-clavulante, β-lactamase-inhibiting antimicrobial have showed a decrease in values i.e. from 16/8 to less than 8/4 µg/mL in both the treated groups as compared with control. Gentamicin value increased in all the groups after biofield treatment as compared to control. Nitrofurantoin showed increased MIC value in Gr. II, while norfloxacin showed increased MIC in Gr. II as compared to control. Rest antimicrobials did not show any change in susceptibility pattern and MIC value after biofield treatment compared to control.

Table 1: Antimicrobial susceptibility assay of control and biofield treated A. baumannii .

Table 2: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A. baumannii for tested antimicrobials.
Identification by biochemical reaction
Biochemical reactions denoted with codes were tabulated and showed positive reaction in case of nitrofurantion on day 5 and 10 i.e. from negative (-) to positive (+) in revived treated group (Gr II) with respect to control ( Table 3).

Table 3: Effect of biofield treatment on biochemical reactions of A. baumannii.
Identification by biotype number
Biochemical tests results revealed a change in biotype number in Gr.II at day 5 and 10 of A. baumannii after biofield treatment with respect to control ( Table 4).

Table 4: Effect of biofield treatment on A. baumannii to distinguishing feature of the genotype.

Discussion

Biofield treatment is effective and has been experimentally demonstrated change in susceptibility pattern, biochemical reaction and biotype number in experimental setup designed above. Results were unexpected and unprecedented based on the literature so far. These results assumed the presence of energy in biofield with which microbe reacts, which led to alteration of phenotypic characteristics of the microorganism.

Due to the high frequency of antimicrobial multidrug resistance among clinical isolates of A. baumannii, it causes serious problems in the choice of appropriate antimicrobials in the past 15 years [ 3]. This experiment showed that, biofield treatment induces changes in susceptibility pattern of cefepime, gentamicin and piperacillin antimicrobials. However, most frequent mechanism of resistance expressed by Gram-negative organisms against cefepime is the production of β-lactamases that are able to hydrolyze the drugs [ 28]. Cefepime resistance mechanism is demonstrated in A. baumannii by a combination of hyperproduction of the chromosomal OXA-51/69-like carbapenemases, activation of efflux pumps (i.e. AdeABC) and probably porin changes [ 29]. The expression of OXA-type carbapenemases in the absence of the other mechanisms of resistance does not result in high-level cefepime resistance. Similarly, expression of chromosomal Acinetobacter-derived cephalosporinase by A. baumannii does not seem to confer resistance. By contrast, production of certain acquired class D OXA-type carbapenemases and/or metallo- β-lactamases are important mechanisms of resistance against cefepime [ 30, 31]. Change in susceptibility pattern in cefepime might be due to the influence of biofield treatment, which may inhibits the production of beta-lactamases enzymes (carbapenemases like) or inactivation of efflux pumps. Quantitative aspect showed lowering in MIC values and change in biotype number which was an accurate approach for epidemiologic investigation of A. baumannii as compared with untreated group. Biotype number of particular organism was arrived at after interpreting the results of the biochemical reactions which led to the particular organism identification. Biotyping makes use of the pattern of metabolic activities expressed by an isolate, colonial morphology and environmental tolerances. In this experiment, biotyping was performed using automated system and found a significant change in the biofield treated Gr. II on day 5 and 10. Among the β-lactamase antimicrobials and inhibitors, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid have shown good efficacy in treating A. baumannii infections [ 32] and their decreases MIC values may represent an alternative treatment option for severe nosocomial infections caused due to A. baumannii. The biochemical tests like oxidases, nitrate, indole negative and catalase positive are the basic biochemical characteristics of A. baumannii confirmed in this experiment, as Acinetobacter spp. and members of the Moraxellaceae family [ 2]. In addition, it should be noted that different bacterial strains differ in their characteristics, and it is possible that some microbes are more susceptible/resistant towards biofield treatment than others. The present research data suggest that biofield treatment changed the susceptibility of antimicrobials against microbe, in a continuation of already published reports [ 10- 25]. As a result, the microbe that was intermediate responsiveness changed to either resistant or susceptible to a particular drug after biofield treatment.

Conclusion

Present study concludes the impact of biofield treatment on changes in susceptibility pattern of A. baumannii which was confirmed by standard procedures with respect to MIC value, biochemical study and biotype number. Biofield treatment could be applied to alter the sensitivity of antimicrobials to fight against infections microbes due to the emergence of multi drug-resistant strains.

Acknowledgement

Authors gratefully acknowledged the support of Trivedi science, Trivedi testimonials and Trivedi master wellness.

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16. Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2012) Thought Intervention through biofield changing metal powder characteristics experiments on powder characterisation at a PM Plant, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Editor: Wei Deng, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, Future Control and Automation 173: 247-252.

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18. Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2013) Effect of biofield treatment on the physical and thermal characteristics of Silicon, Tin and Lead powders. J Material SciEng 2: 125.

19. Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2014) Atomic, crystalline and powder characteristics of treated zirconia and silica powders. J Material SciEng 3: 144.

20. Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RMR (2015) Effect of biofield treatment on the Physical and Thermal Characteristics of Aluminium Powders. Ind Eng Manage 4:151.

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# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii - An Experimental Study

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1 Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA. 2 Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India Corresponding Author: Jana S Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd.

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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay | S. Boydii

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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay | S. Boydii

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The study highlights the use of a unique human energy treatment and its impact on Shigella boydii (S. boydiii) with respect of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping.

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The MIC values of tested antimicrobials after biofield treatment was significantly altered in S. boydii as compared to the control sample. Get to know more from the link given below.

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Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections

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Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii (S.

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S. Boydii' Unique Energy Healing Treatment

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S. Boydii' Unique Energy Healing Treatment

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From the overall research data it is concluded that Mr. Trivedi's unique energy healing procedure could be consider as an alternative approach to alter the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials.

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Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
Published November 9, 2015

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana. Antibiogram of Biofield Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine. Vol. 4, No. 6, 2015, pp. 121-126. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.12

Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections

Manuscript Link:
http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20150406.12.pdf

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana

DOI: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.12 ISSN: 2327-2724 (Print)2327-2732 (online)
Citation
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana. Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine. Vol. 4, No. 6, 2015, pp. 121-126. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.12
Abstract
Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii ( S. boydiii) with respect of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping. The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 9207) strain of S. boydiii was used in this experiment. The study was conducted in revived and lyophilized state of S. boydiii. Both revived (Group; Gr. II) and lyophilized (Gr. III) strain of S. boydiii were subjected to Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment. Gr. II was assessed on day 5 and day 10, while Gr. III on day 10 with respect to control (Gr. I). Sensitivity pattern of amoxicillin/k-clavulanate was improved from intermediate (I) to susceptible (S) with correspond to MIC value was also reduced by two folds (16/8 to ≤ 8/4 μg/mL) in both the treated groups as compared to control. The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. boydiii showed 15% alteration in Gr. II on day 5, while significant (40%) alteration was found on day 10 as compared to control. The MIC values of antimicrobials for S. boydiii also showed 12.50% alteration in Gr. II on day 5 while, significant alteration (59.38%) of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was found in Gr. II on day 10 as compared to control. It was observed that overall 69.70% biochemical reactions were changed in which 66.67% alteration was found in Gr. II on day 10 with respect to control. Moreover, biotype numbers were changed in all the treated groups without alteration of organism as compared to control. These results suggested that biofield treatment had significant impact on S. boydiii in Gr. II on day 10 with respect to antimicrobial susceptibility, MIC and biochemical reactions pattern.

Keywords: Shigella boydii, Antimicrobial Sensitivity, Biofield Treatment, Biochemical Reaction, Biotype, Bacillary Dysentery, Shigellosis, Acute Gastroenteritis
1. Introduction
Shigella boydii ( S. boydiii) is a non-motile, non-spore forming, non-lactose fermenting and Gram-negative rod shape bacterium that belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae. S. boydiii mainly causes infections through contaminated food/water/soil or with fecal matter. It inhabits in the gut and rectum of humans and other primates [1, 2]. S. boydiii contains 20 distinct antigenic serotypes [3]. Shigella species are highly infective and virulent due to release of a potent cytotoxin known as 'Shigatoxin' which causes severe and sometimes fatal disease [4]. It does not produce gas from carbohydrates but ferments glucose predominantly which is one of its characteristic features [5]. The manifestations of major clinical complications in S. boydiii infected patients include, shigellosis (watery diarrhoea with mild vomiting), reactive arthritis and hemolytic uremic syndrome [6]. According to the reports of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the USA Shigella is estimated to cause 80 - 165 million cases of disease and 600,000 deaths per year worldwide. Therapeutic uses of antimicrobials against shigellosis can slightly shorten the duration of symptoms. Fluoroquinolone or ceftriaxone is the drug of choice to treat this disease. However, due to high tendency of multidrug resistance globally including fluoroquinolones and newer cephalosporins, particularly in South and East Asia [7], some alternative strategies are needed to treat against strains of S. boydiii.

Based on National Institute of Health/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NIH/NCCAM) has reported that energy therapies either biofield or electromagnetic based involve use of this energy fields to promote health and healing [8]. Harold Saxton Burr had performed the detailed studies on correlation of electric current with physiological process and concluded that every single process in the human body had an electrical significance [9]. Recently, it was discovered that all electrical processes happening in body have strong relationship with magnetic field as described by Ampere's law, which states that moving charge produces magnetic fields in surrounding space [10, 11]. According to Rivera-Ruiz et al. it was reported that electrocardiography has been extensively used to measure the biofield of human body [12]. Thus, human has the ability to harness the energy from environment or Universe and can transmit into any living or nonliving object(s) around the Globe. The objects always receive the energy and respond into useful way that is called biofield energy and the process is known as biofield treatment (The Trivedi Effect ®). Mr. Trivedi's unique biofield treatment has been known to transform the structural, physical and thermal properties of several metals in material science [13-15], improved the overall productivity of crops [16, 17], altered characteristics features of microbes [18-20] and improved growth and anatomical characteristics of various medicinal plants [21, 22].

Due to the clinical significance of this organism and literature reports, biofield treatment as an alternative approach, the present work was undertaken to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on S. boydiii in relation to antimicrobials susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and biotyping based on various biochemical characters.
2. Materials and Methods
S. boydiii, American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 9207) strains were procured from Micro Bio Logics, Inc., USA, in two sets A and B. Two different sealed packs were stored with proper storage conditions until further use. The antimicrobial susceptibility, MIC values, biochemical reactions and biotype number were estimated with the help of MicroScan Walk- Away® (Dade Behring Inc., West Sacramento, CA, USA) using negative breakpoint combo 30 (NBPC 30) panel. All the tested antimicrobials and biochemicals were procured from Sigma-Aldrich (MA, USA).
2.1. Experimental Design
Two ATCC samples A (revived) and B (lyophilized) of S. boydiii were grouped (Gr.). The revived sample A was divided into two parts Gr. I (control) and Gr. II (revived; treatment); likewise, ATCC B was labeled as Gr. III (lyophilized; treatment).
2.2. Biofield Treatment Strategy
The Gr. I remained as untreated. The treatment Gr. II and III in sealed pack were handed over to Mr. Trivedi for biofield treatment under laboratory condition. Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission process to the treatment groups without touching the samples. After treatment, all samples were handed over in the same condition and stored for analysis. Gr. II was assessed at two time points i.e. on day 5 and 10 and Gr. III was assessed on day 10. After biofield treatment, all groups (control and treated) were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility, MIC, pattern of biochemical reactions and biotyping.
2.3. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test
Investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility of S. boydiii was carried out with the help of automated instrument, Micro Scan Walk-Away ® using NBPC 30 panel. The panel can be stored at 2 to 25ºC for analysis. The panel was allowed to equilibrate to room temperature prior to rehydration. All opened panels were used on the same day. The tests carried out on Micro Scan were miniaturized of the broth dilution susceptibility test that has been dehydrated. Briefly, 0.1 mL of the standardized suspension of S. boydiii was pipetted into 25 mL of inoculum water using pluronic and inverted 8 to 10 times and inoculated, rehydrated, and then subjected to incubation for 16 hours at 35°C. Rehydration and inoculation was performed using the RENOK ® system with inoculators- D (B1013-4). 25 mL of standardized inoculum suspension was poured in to inoculum tray. The detailed experimental procedure and conditions were followed as per the manufacturer's instructions. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern (S: Susceptible, R: Resistant; and I: Intermediate) and MIC were determined by observing the lowest antimicrobial concentration showing inhibition of growth [23].
2.4. Biochemical Reaction Studies
Biochemical reactions of S. boydiii were determined using Micro Scan Walk-Away ®, system with NBPC 30 panel [23].
2.5. Identification of Organism by Biotype Number
The biotype number of S. boydiii was determined by the data of a series of biochemical reactions when processed on Micro Scan Walk-Away ® panel [23].
3. Results and Discussion 3.1. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test
The outcome of S. boydiii susceptibility pattern and MIC values of tested antimicrobials after biofield treatment are summarized in Table 1 and 2, respectively. The data were analyzed and compared with respect to control. Antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out using twenty antimicrobials. The revived treated cells (Gr. II) of S. boydiii showed a significant alteration in antimicrobial sensitivity pattern i.e. 40% (eight out of twenty) on day 10, 15% (three out of twenty) on day 5 as compared to control. Moreover, lyophilized treated cells (Gr. III) showed 10% (two out of twenty) alteration on day 10 as compared to control. The susceptibility pattern of S. boydiii for amoxicillin/kclavulanate in control sample of S. boydiii was observed as intermediate (I) type of resistance i.e. low resistance. This finding is supported by several literature data, reporting that S. boydiii is resistant to this antibiotic [24, 25].

In this experiment, susceptibility pattern of amoxicillin/kclavulanate was improved from I to S in Gr. II as well as Gr. III on day 10 as compared to control. Besides, the MIC value of amoxicillin/k-clavulanate was also reduced by two folds (16/8 to ≤ 8/4 μg/mL) in both the treated groups as compared to control. This improvement in susceptibility pattern from intermediate to susceptible may be due to biofield treatment. Antibiotics such as aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol and tetracycline showed an alteration of susceptibility pattern from S to R in Gr. II on day 10 as compared to control. However among five, sensitivity pattern of tetracycline was additionally changed from S to R in Gr. II (on day 5) and Gr. III as compared to control. The sensitivity patterns of both cefotaxime and ceftazidime in control S. boydiii sample were matched with literature data [26]. Moreover, antibiotics such as ampicillin and cefepime showed an alteration of sensitivity pattern from S to I in Gr. II on day 10 while sensitivity of ampicillin was altered from S to R on day 5 as compared to control after biofield treatment. Twelve out of twenty (60%) antimicrobials viz. ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, piperacillin, ticarcillin/k-clavulanate and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole did not show any change of antimicrobial sensitivity after biofield treatment with respect to control sample (Table 1). The MIC values of aztreonam, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime and chloramphenicol were changed from ≤8 to >16 μg/mL in Gr. II on day 10 as compared to control. Alteration of MIC value of ampicillin, cefazolin, cefepime and cephalothin (≤8 to 16 μg/mL) was noticed in Gr. II on day 10 while ampicillin additionally changed to (>16 μg/mL) on day 5. However, these four antibiotics did not show any change in MIC value in Gr. III as compared to control. Moreover, changes in MIC values of amikacin, cefotetan from ≤ 8 to > 32 μg/mL were observed in Gr. II on day 10 after biofield treatment while did not change in Gr. III as compared to control. Antimicrobial i.e. nitrofurantoin showed an alteration of MIC value from ≤ 32 to > 64 μg/mL in Gr. II on both day 5 and 10 while change of MIC value (64 μg/mL) was observed in Gr. III as compared to control. Besides this, gentamicin, tetracycline and tobramycin showed an alteration of MIC value from ≤4 to > 8 μg/mL in Gr. II on day 10 while tetracycline was additionally changed the MIC value to > 8 μg/mL in Gr. II (on day 5) and Gr. III (on day 10) as compared to control. The MIC values of ESBL-a Scrn and ESBL-b Scrn were changed from ≤ 4 to > 4 and ≤1 to >1 respectively in Gr. II on day 10 while no change of MIC values was observed in Gr. II (on day 5) and Gr. III as compared to control.

Overall, 59.38% (nineteen out of thirty two) antimicrobials showed altered MIC values after biofield treatment in Gr. II on day 10 and 12.50% (four out of thirty two) on day 5 as compared to control.

Beside this, MIC values of 9.38% (three out of thirty two) antimicrobials were altered after biofield treatment in Gr. III. Thirteen, out of thirty two tested antimicrobials (40.63%) viz. ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, piperacillin, ticarcillin/k-clavulanate and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole did not show any alteration of MIC values in treated cells of S. boydiii as compared to control (Table 2).

R: Resistant; I: Intermediate; S: Susceptible; Gr.: Group
Table 1. Effect of biofield treatment on antibiogram analysis of Shigella boydii.

MIC data are presented in µg/mL; Gr.: Group; ESBL-a, b Scrn: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase screen

Table 2. Effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of tested antimicrobials.
3.2. Biochemical Reactions Studies
Study of biochemical reactions can be utilized to identify the enzymatic and metabolic characteristic features of microbes. Microorganisms can be categorically differentiated based on their utilization of specific biochemicals as nutrients during the process of metabolism or enzymatic reactions. The specific biochemical which showed some changes against S. boydiii after biofield treatment are shown in Table 3. Biochemicals such as adonitol (ADO), citrate (CIT), colistin (CL4), esculin hydrolysis (ESC), inositol (INO) and urea (URE) were changed from negative (-) to positive (+) reaction in all the treated groups with respect to control. Moreover, biochemicals such as nitrofurantoin (FD64), hydrogen sulfide (H ₂S), lysine (LYS), malonate (MAL), melibiose (MEL), galactosidase (ONPG), ornithine (ORN), raffinose (RAF), rhamnose (RHA), sucrose (SUC), tryptophan deaminase (TDA) and Voges-Proskauer (VP) were changed from negative (-) to positive (+) reaction in group Gr. II on both day 5 and 10 while remained unchanged i.e. negative (-) in Gr. III with respect to control. However, experimental data also exhibited that certain biochemicals such as arginine (ARG), cephalothin (CF8), kanamycin (K4) and tobramycin (TO4) were changed from negative (-) to positive (+) reaction in group Gr. II on day 10 while remained unchanged i.e. negative (-) on day 5 (Gr. II) and Gr. III with respect to control. Change of positive (+) to negative (-) biochemical reaction was found in case of sorbitol (SOR) in Gr. III which remain unchanged in Gr. II as compared to control. Overall, 69.70% biochemical reactions were altered in tested thirty three biochemicals with respect to control after biofield treatment. In revived treated strain of S. boydiii cells (Gr. II) showed 66.67% alteration on day 10 and 54.55% alteration on day 5, in terms of biochemical reactions as compared to control. The lyophilized treated cells of S. boydiii (Gr. III) showed only 21.21% alteration of biochemical reactions as compared to control.

About 30.30% of total tested biochemicals, such as Acetamide (ACE), arabinose (ARA), Cetrimide (CET), glucose (GLU), indole (IND), nitrate (NIT), oxidationfermentation glucose (OF/G), oxidase (OXI), penicillin (P4), and tartrate (TAR) did not show any change in all the treated groups after biofield treatment as compared to control (Table 3).

Based on existing literature Shigella serovers are able to ferment the five basic sugars by producing both acid and gas. However, differentiation of specific Shigella serotype on the basis of their sugar fermentation pattern is difficult. The key characteristic feature for S. boydiii bacterium is non-lactose fermenting, but it can ferment glucose with production of acid [1]. In this experiment, control sample of S. boydiii resulted positive (+) reaction in GLU and SOR and negative reaction (-) in case of SUC. These biochemical results were corroborated with literature data [3]. These findings could be due to fermentation of GLU and produce acid which supports the characteristic feature of S. boydiii. Moreover, the positive (+) reaction of SOR was changed to negative (-) in Gr. III and negative (-) reaction of SUC was also changed to positive (+) reaction in Gr. II possibly due to change of enzymatic reaction after biofield treatment. In the present study, negative reactions (-) of VP, URE and CIT utilization tests were observed in control sample of S. boydiii. The findings were also reported in the literature [27]. However, the negative (-) reaction of CIT and URE were changed to positive (+) in both Gr. II and Gr. III and VP changed to positive (+) in Gr. II which possibly due to alteration of metabolic and/or enzymatic reaction of S. boydiii after biofield treatment.

-, (negative); +, (positive); Gr.: Group
Table 3. Effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii to the biochemical reaction pattern.
3.3. Identification of Organism by Biotype Number
The species ( S. boydiii) was identified based on variety of conventional biochemical characters and biotyping. Biotype number of particular organism was evaluated after interpreting the results of the biochemical reactions. The biotype number that led to the particular organism identification. Based on the biochemical results, biotype number was changed in treated Gr. II on day 5 (77765774, S. boydiii), on day 10 (77767776, S. boydiii) and Gr. III on day 10 (41640244, S. boydiii) with respect to control (51000000) i.e. Shigella species (Table 4). These changes of biotype number without alteration of organism are assumed due to change of metabolic or enzymatic reactions of Shigella species.

Gr.: Group
Table 4. Effect of biofield treatment on biotype number of Shigella boydii.

Rapid emergence and outbreaks of resistant microorganisms due to widespread selective pressure and efficient dissemination channels are one of the factors that might have contributed to the spread of resistant organisms [28]. Due to microbial resistance to a single or multiple drugs, invention of an effective antimicrobial therapy for the human-wellness is urgently required. However, due to some limitation of science, the progress of new medications are slow and very challenging for scientists. Biofield treatment could be responsible for alteration in microorganism at genetic and/or enzymatic level, which may act on receptor protein. While altering receptor protein, ligand-receptor/protein interactions may alter that could lead to show different phenotypic characteristics [29]. Biofield treatment might induce significant changes in revived strain of S. boydiii and altered antimicrobials susceptibility pattern, MIC values and biochemical. Based on these results, it is postulated that, biofield treatment may be used to alter the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobial i.e. amoxicillin/k-clavulanate.
4. Conclusions
Altogether, the biofield treatment has significantly altered the susceptibility pattern (40%) with MIC values (59.38%) of tested antimicrobials against the ATCC strain of S. boydiii in revived treated cells (Gr. II) as compared to control. It also altered significantly the biochemical reactions pattern (66.67%) of biofield treated strain of S. boydiii in Gr. II as compared to control. On the basis of changed biochemical reactions of S. boydiii the biotype numbers were altered in Gr. II and III without alteration of organism as compared to control. Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment could be applied as an alternative therapeutic approach to alter the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials in near future including strict public health strategies like clean water supply, good sewage management and a clean environment against bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis patients infected by S. boydiii.
Abbreviations
MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration; ATCC: American type culture collection; NBPC 30: Negative breakpoint combo 30; NIH/NCCAM: National Institute of Health/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Acknowledgements
Authors gratefully acknowledged to Trivedi science, Trivedi testimonials and Trivedi master wellness and the whole team of PD Hinduja National Hospital and MRC, Mumbai, Microbiology Lab for their support.
References
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[18] Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Pseudomonas fluorescens after biofield treatment. J Infect Dis Ther 3: 222.
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Shigella boydii: Antibiogram, Biochemical Tests & Susceptibility pattern

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Science Journal of Clinical Medicine Published November 9, 2015 Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana. Antibiogram of Biofield Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine. Vol. 4, No. 6, 2015, pp. 121-126.

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S. Boydiii | Antimicrobials Susceptibility, MIC & Biotyping

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S. Boydiii | Antimicrobials Susceptibility, MIC & Biotyping

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Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment could be applied as an alternative therapeutic approach to alter the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials in near future against the bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis patients infected by S. boydiii. Read here the complete research paper.

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Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections

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Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii (S.

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Based on the biochemical results of the research study, the biotype number was significantly changed in the treated sample of S. boydii as compared to the untreated sample.

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Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections | Mahendra Trivedi | Alice Branton | Dahryn Trivedi | Gopal Nayak | Academic Room

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Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii (S.

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Science Journal of Clinical Medicine

Published online November 9, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/sjcm)

doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.12

ISSN: 2327-2724 (Print); ISSN: 2327-2732 (Online)

Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, NV, USA

Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd.,

Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana. Antibiogram of Biofield-

Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine. Vol. 4, No. 6, 2015, pp. 121-126.

doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.12

Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella spe cies are major public health

burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments

respect of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical character istics and biotyping. The American Type Culture Collection

(ATCC 9207) strain of S. boydii was used in this experiment. The study was conducted in revived and l yophilized state of S.

boydii. Both revived (Group; Gr. II) and lyophilized (Gr. III) strain of S. boydii were subje cted to Mr. Trivedi's biofield

treatment. Gr. II was assessed on day 5 and day 10, while Gr. III on day 10 with respect to control (Gr. I). Sensitivity pattern of

amoxicillin/k-clavulanate was improved from intermediate (I) to susceptible (S) with correspond to MIC value was also

reduced by two folds (16/8 to ≤ 8/4 µg/mL) in both the treated groups as compared to control. The antimicrobial susceptibility

of S. boydii showed 15% alteration in Gr. II on d ay 5, while significant (40%) alteration was found on day 10 as compared to

control. The MIC values of antimicrobials for S. boydii also showed 12.50% alteration in Gr. II on day 5 while, significant

alteration (59.38%) of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was found in Gr. II on day 10 as compared to control. It

was observed that overall 69.70 % biochemical reactions were changed in which 66.67% alteration was found in Gr. II o n day

10 with respect to control. Moreover, biotype numbers were changed i n all the treated groups without alteration of organism as

compared to control. These results suggested that biofield treatment had significant impact on S. boydii in G r. II on day 10 with

respect to antimicrobial susceptibility, MIC and biochemical reactions pattern.

Bacillary Dysentery, Shigellosis, Acute Gastroenteritis

through contaminated food/water/soil or with fecal matter. It

inhabits in the gut and rectum of humans and other primates

[1, 2]. S. boydii contains 20 distinct antigenic serotypes [3].

release of a potent cytotoxin known as 'Shigatoxin' which

causes severe and sometimes fatal disease [4]. It does not

predominantly which is one of its characteristic features [ 5].

The manifestations of major clinical co mplications in S.

boydii infected patients include, shigellosis (watery diarrho ea

with mild vomiting), reactive arthritis and hemolytic uremic

estimated to cause 8 0 - 165 million cases of disease and

600,000 deaths per year worldwide. Therapeutic uses of

antimicrobials against shigellosis can slightly shorten the

duration of symptoms. Fluoroquinolone or ceftriaxo ne is the

drug of choice to treat this disease. However, due to hi gh

fluoroquinolones a nd ne wer cephalospo rins, particularl y in

South and East Asia [7], some alternative strategies are

needed to treat against strains of S. boydii.

Based on National Institute of Health/National Center for

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NIH/NCCAM) has

electromagnetic based involve use of this energy fields to

promote health and healing [8]. Harold Saxton Burr had

performed the detailed studies on correlation of electric current

with physiological process and concluded that every single

process in the human body had an electrical significance [9].

happening in body have strong relationship with magnetic field

as described by Ampere's law, which states that moving charge

electrocardiography has been extensively used to measure the

biofield of human body [12]. Thus, human has the ability to

harness the energy from environment or Universe and can

transmit into any living or nonliving object(s) around the

Globe. The objects always receive the energy and respond into

useful way that is called biofield energy and the process is

transform the structural, physical and thermal properties of

several metals in material science [13-15], improved the

overall productivity of crops [16, 17], altered characteristics

anatomical characteristics of various medicinal plants [21, 22].

approach, the present work was undertaken to evaluate the

S. boydii, American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 9207)

strains were procured from Micro Bio Logics, Inc., USA, in

two sets A and B. Two different sealed packs were stored with

proper storage conditions until further use. The antimicrobial

susceptibility, MIC values, biochemical reactions and biotype

number were estimated with the help of MicroScan Walk-

(Dade Behring Inc., West Sacramento, CA, USA)

using negative breakpoint combo 30 (NBPC 30) panel. All the

tested antimicrobials and biochemicals were procured from

Two ATCC samples A (revived) and B (lyophilized) of S.

divided into t wo parts Gr. I ( control) and G r. II (revived;

(lyophilized; treatmen t).

2.2. Biofield Treatment Strategy

The Gr. I remained as untreated. The treatment Gr. II and

III in sealed pac k were handed over to Mr. Trivedi for

biofield treatment under laboratory condition. Mr. Trivedi

samples. After treatment, all samples were handed over in the

same condition and stored for analysis. Gr. II was assessed at

two time points i.e. on day 5 and 10 and Gr. III was assessed

on day 10. After biofield treatment, all groups (control and

treated) were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility,

MIC, pattern of biochemical reactions and biotyping.

2.3. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test

Investigation of an timicrobial susceptibility of S. boydii

was carried out with the help of automated instrume nt, Micro

using N BPC 30 panel. The panel can be

stored at 2 to 25ºC for analysis. The panel was allowed to

equilibrate to room temperature prior to rehydration. All

opened panels were used on the same day. The tests carried

out on Micro Scan were miniaturized of the broth dilution

susceptibility test that has been dehydrated. Briefly, 0.1 mL

of the standardized suspension of S. boydii was pipetted into

25 mL of inoculum water using pluronic and inverted 8 to 10

incubation for 16 hours at 35°C. Rehydration and inoculation

was performed using the RENOK

D (B1013-4). 25 mL of standardized inoculum suspensio n

was poured in to inoculum tray. The detailed experimental

manufacturer's instructions. The antimicrobial susceptibility

pattern (S: Susceptible, R: Resistant; and I: Intermediate) and

MIC were determined by observing the lowest antimicrobial

concentration showing inhibition of growth [23].

2.4. Biochemical Reaction Studies

Biochemical reactions of S. boydii were determined using

, system with NBPC 30 panel [23].

2.5. Identification of Organism by Biotype Number

The biotype number of S. boydii was deter mined by the

data of a series of b iochemical reactions when processed on

3. Results and Discussion

3.1. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test

The outcome of S. boydii susceptibility pattern and MIC

values of tested antimicrobials after biofield treatment are

summarized in Table 1 and 2, respectively. The data were

Antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out using twenty

antimicrobials. The revived treated cells (Gr. II) of S. boydii

showed a significant alteration in antimicrobial sensitivity

pattern i.e. 40% (eight out of twenty) on day 10, 15% (three

Science Journal of Clinical Medicine 2015; 4(6): 121-126 123

out of twenty) on day 5 as compared to control. Moreover,

lyophilized treated cells (Gr. III) showed 10% (two out of

twenty) alteratio n on day 10 as compared to control. The

clavulanate in control sample of S. boydii was observed as

intermediate (I) type of resistance i.e. low resistance. This

finding is supported by several liter ature data, reporting that

S. boydii is resistant to this antibiotic [24, 25].

In this experiment, susceptibility pattern of amoxicillin/k-

clavulanate was improved from I to S in Gr. II a s well as Gr.

III on day 10 as compared to control. Besides, the MIC value

of amoxicillin/k-clavulanate was also reduced by two folds

(16/8 to ≤ 8/4 µg/mL) in both the treated groups a s compared

to control. This improvement in susceptibility pattern from

intermediate to susceptible may be due to biofield treatment.

chloramphenicol and tetracycline showed an alteration of

susceptibility patter n fro m S to R in Gr. II on day 10 as

compared to control. However among five, sensitivity pattern

of tetracycline was additionally changed from S to R in Gr. II

(on day 5) and Gr. III as compare d to control. The sensitivity

patterns of both cefotaxime and ceftazidime in control S.

showed an alteration of sensitivity pattern from S to I in Gr.

II on day 10 while sensitivity of ampicillin was altered from

treatment. Twelve out of twenty (60%) antimicrobials viz.

ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin,

moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, piperacillin,

ticarcillin/k-clavulanate and tri methoprim/sulfamethoxazole

did not show any change of antimicrobial sensitivity after

biofield treatment with respect to control sample (Table 1).

to >16 µg/mL in Gr. II on day 1 0 as compared to control.

Alteration of MIC value of a mpicillin, cefazolin, cefepime

and cephalothin (≤8 to 16 µg/mL) was noticed in Gr. II on

day 10 while ampicillin additionally changed to (>16 µg/mL)

on day 5. However, these four antibiotics did not show any

change in MIC value in Gr. I II as compared to control.

Moreover, changes in MIC values of amikacin, cefotetan

from ≤ 8 to > 32 µg/mL were observed in Gr. II on day 10

after biofield treatment while did not change in Gr. III as

showed an alteration of MIC value from ≤ 32 to > 64 µg/mL

in Gr. II on both day 5 and 10 while change of MIC value (64

µg/mL) was observed in Gr. III as compared to control.

Besides this, gentamicin, tetracycline and tobramycin showed

an alteration of MIC value from ≤4 to > 8 µg/mL in Gr. II on

day 10 while te tracycline was additionally changed the MIC

value to > 8 µg/mL in Gr. II (on day 5) and Gr. III (on day

10) as compared to control. The MIC values of ESBL-a Scrn

and ESBL-b Scrn were changed from ≤ 4 to > 4 and ≤1 to >1

respectively in Gr. II on day 10 while no change of MIC

values was observed in Gr. II (on day 5) and Gr. III as

Overall, 59.38% (nineteen out of thirty two) antimicrobials

showed altered MIC values after biofield treatment in Gr. II

on day 1 0 and 12.50% (four out of thirty two) on day 5 as

Table 1. Effect of biofield treatment on antibiogram analysis of Shigella

R: Resistant; I: Intermediate; S: Susceptible; Gr.: Group

Beside this, MIC values of 9.38% (three out of thirty two)

antimicrobials were altered after biofield treatment in Gr. III.

Thirteen, out of thirty two tested antimicrobials (40.63%) viz.

ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin,

moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam,

piperacillin, ticarcillin/k-clavulanate and

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole did not show any alteration

of MIC values in treated cells o f S. boydii as compared to

inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of tested antimicrobials.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii (S.

# data[].attributes.body
Based on the research, it is postulated that the biofield energy treatment may be used to alter the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobial against the ATCC strain of S. boydii.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
biochemical characteristics of s. boydii

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
acute gastroenteritis caused by s. boydii

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
clinical complications in s. boydii infected patients

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii (S.

# data[].attributes.headline
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of S. Boydii

# data[].attributes.subject
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of S. Boydii

# data[].attributes.body
In the research study, the treated sample of S. boydii showed significant alteration in antimicrobial susceptibility as compare to the untreated sample. Follow the link, for more details.

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www.mysciencework.com needs to review the security of your connection before proceeding.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biofield Impact on Susceptibility Pattern of S. Boydii

# data[].attributes.subject
Biofield Impact on Susceptibility Pattern of S. Boydii

# data[].attributes.body
Human energy treatment showed significant alteration in susceptibility pattern of S. Boydii with MIC values (59.38%) of tested antimicrobials. For more detail visit the link.

# data[].attributes.headline
Susceptibility Pattern of Shigella Boydii

# data[].attributes.subject
Susceptibility Pattern of Shigella Boydii

# data[].attributes.body
The analysis of susceptibility pattern of Shigella Boydii shows alteration in MIC values after the influence of unique human energy treatment. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The

# data[].attributes.body
Due to the influence of the biofield treatment it was observed that overall 69.70% biochemical reactions were changed in which 66.67% alteration was found with respect to control.

# data[].attributes.body
The current study was performed to investigate the impact of energy treatment on Shigella boydii (S. boydii) with respect to antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping. Visit the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.body
Visit the link, to know about the impact of a unique biofield energy treatment on S. boydiii with respect of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
shigella boydii

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii ( S.