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The structure of the leadership organization is on being questioned.
Still the superintendent answers to the school board and the remaining administration follows a traditional model. HOWEVER: how school districts get to that can vary. In some cases school boards are elected, some are appointed by the mayor, and in some cases, superintendents are elected.

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1. turning some of the decision making power over from the superintendent and school board to building level administrators and even teachers.
2.Charter Schools- these schools don't have to adhere to the policies/regulations of traditional schools
3.School Choice-Gets rid of the need for school board because parents choose and money follows student
4. schools incorporate and become run as if they were a government department ran by a group that can oversee them like they would a health or social service program.

EXAMPLE: mayoral control of a district where boards are appointed by mayor rather than elected...trend show that these boards are more stable and therefore more productive. Cities like Boston, Chicago and Cleveland have been successful. Some where mayor wasn't given full control and responsibility were less successful (like in detroit and Oakland)

With full control and accountability, these leaders seemed to have a vested interest in the success of the schools because it was there name on the line.

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Despite people questioning the structure . . . 

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Despite people questioning the structure . . . 

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People still like schools being "run" by the community.

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There must be a balance between a politician and an effective leader to the faculty and staff.

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buildings, buses, books, budgets and bonds to connection,
communication, collaboration,
community building, child advocacy, and curricular choices,

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School districts that can work collaboratively are more successful. This is a challenge for urban districts especially.

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voter apathy, no clear agenda, dominated by special interest groups

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both superintendents and school boards set goals and ways to measure their effectiveness

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BASED ON DATA

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that is what will create change for depressed and suffering communities

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“Real learning seldom takes place without sensitive yet forceful guidance from those who fill education’s leadership
positions – leaders who focus on the importance of developing high-performing organizations, enlightened public attitudes, and a realistic set of priorities.”

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very few effective schools found in disorganized communities

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Leaders must find out what the community wants in those areas. Also, is there support to get those things done.

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community convinced that student achievement is a top priority

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Leaders must challenge the community to solve problems of which there are no easy answers.