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carbohydrates: 17 KJ/g

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Carbs occupy 45% of the total energy

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- carbohydrates are the most basic form of energy used in the body
- Used in the Krebs Cycle for cells to produce energy
-  A carbohydrate-intensive diet can cause high blood sugar and unwanted weight gain. But it's important that you eat an appropriate amount of healthy carbohydrates in order to meet your body's nutritional needs and maintain a healthy weight.

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1.Sugar (glucose) molecules: C₆H₁₂O₆.
2. Most basic form of energy used by the body
3. Regulated in the body
Carbohydrate (glucose)
Glycogen
4.Used in the Krebs Cycle for cells to produce energy.
Some names for carbohydrates include White sugar, caster sugar, brown sugar, molasses, treacle, glucose syrup, honey, cane sugar, muscovado sugar.

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Gains and cereals
Starchy vegetables
Legumes including dried and canned varieties
Fruit; frozen, fresh, dried and juiced.
Dairy foods from cow/sheep/goat milks

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Monosaccharides are single sugars → fructose, glucose, galactose

Disaccharides are pairs of monosaccharides, one of which is always glucose → maltose (glucose + glucose), sucrose (glucose + fructose), lactose (glucose + galactose)

Polysaccharides → few (oligosaccharides) or many (polysaccharides) glucose units bound/linked together in straight or branched chains, storage form of glucose in the body, provides a rapid release of energy when needed → glycogen, starch, fibre

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The Glycemic Index (GI) of a food is a number assigned to it between 1 and 100, similar to a percent rating

The GI of a food tells us how easily our body is able to digest components of the food

we are able to make healthier choices and substitute common items in our diet

Low GI < 55

Medium GI 56-69

High > 70

important for carbohydrates as Protein and fat have minimal influence over GI