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In February, 1968 a young male orca, later named Hugo was caught in Vaughn ... Lolita (first called Tokitae) was caught during this capture, and shipped to ...

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Thousands of captive whales, dolphins and other marine mammals still suffering in 2019

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Our new Case Against Marine Mammals in Captivity (CAMMIC) report details, with scientific evidence, why we should never force these intelligent, wild animals...

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Life in the wild

Life in captivity

The problem

What must life be like for these complex, gregarious, three-dimensional creatures who must live in a comparatively bland concrete enclosure? The parents or grandparents of most of the dolphins in captivity in the United States were captured from the wild. Some nations still capture and sell them.

At first look, a whale or dolphin show may seem exciting, even for the animals. But when you look past the show to the high mortality rates and stress-related causes of death in captive whales and dolphins, the effects of captivity suggest a far harsher reality. The public display of whales and dolphins in marine parks and aquariums is waning in Europe and Canada, but it is still common in the United States and is increasing in developing countries, particularly those in Asia.

Although seals and sea lions may breed readily in captivity, only a few species are held in numbers large enough to sustain a breeding population. Some species of whales and dolphins, on the other hand, do not breed well in captivity and some have never produced surviving offspring. Many of the captive dolphins and whales have shorter life expectancy than others of their species who still live in the wild.

The businesses that charge the public to see and interact with whales and dolphins in captivity contend that public display serves educational and conservation purposes. However, experience has proven that public display does not effectively educate the public who generally learn little of value about the animals that are on display in shows and swim-with facilities. Profit, not education, is the reason they are captive in zoos and aquariums. For a marine mammal, tanks are prisons. The monotonous, confined life of animals in captivity is a mere shadow of what life was like for them in the wild. The Humane Society of the United States believes that animals in bare tanks do not present a realistic image of natural behaviors or natural habitats. Marine mammals are best protected by cleaning up and protecting their habitats. Truly appreciating them means seeing them along the coast and in the rich ocean environment where they belong.

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Dolphins, whales and other marine mammals don't belong in tanks on public display

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"Many captive dolphins born in what we call ‘the wild’ are candidates for release. But not all of them. Some dolphins have received too many human imprints and have forgotten or lost the skills needed to survive in what was once their home. Habitat dictates behavior. Captivity has destroyed something vital in their lives, something that, were they human, we would call ‘spirit.’ For them, it is too late."

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Releasing Captive Dolphins | Dolphin Project

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PROTOCOL FOR THE REHABILITATION AND RELEASE OF CAPTIVE ATLANTIC BOTTLENOSE DOLPHINS (Tursiops truncatus) By Richard O’Barry, Director-Ric O’Barry’s Dolphin Project There are general criteria for the…

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"Indeed, aiding animals is sometimes antithetical to the notion of conservation. Things like illness, injury and predation can be brutal to witness — but they are also part of the natural system scientists want to preserve. That's why conservationists rarely intervene in individual cases, even when they involve creatures the scientists are trying to protect."

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(Washington Post illustration; iStock)

Why do some conservationists caution against helping animals in nature? It's so sad to see an animal lost or dying due to natural causes - what harm could result from saving it?
Here's what science has to say:

It can be really hard to see another living thing alone and in pain. But it's important to remember that when it comes to nonhuman animals, looks can be deceiving.

"A lot of the time, when people think an animal is abandoned or lost, that's not actually accurate," said Steve Monfort, director of the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute. "It's hard if you don't know the full context."

For example, a nest of baby cottontail rabbits may seem abandoned if you can't spot an adult nearby. But mother rabbits spend only minutes a day with their young, and that's a good thing. Unlike their offspring, adult rabbits give off a strong scent that predators can track. If the mother stayed in the burrow, she might inadvertently lure a hungry fox or owl straight to it. She's being the best parent she can be by avoiding her kids entirely.

Another example: Many young birds leave the nest a few days before they're actually able to fly. A fledgling that seems lost and alone to a human observer may just be going through a very normal phase of growing up. Humans who attempt to "rescue" these lost animals often end up doing more harm than good.

The best thing you can do for an animal that appears to be neglected, Monfort said, is call someone from an animal welfare service, rather than try to weigh the costs of interfering with the creature on your own.

Dear Science: When you lose weight, where does it actually go?

If an animal is sick or injured, the calculation is slightly different, but Monfort's recommendation is the same. Sick animals may carry diseases that can infect humans; moving an injured animal may cause further damage. It's always better to let a professional handle it.

There's also a difference between animal rescue and conservation, which you mention in your question. Whether you should help a single injured bird in your backyard is an animal welfare issue. But conservation is about saving species, not individuals. And although individual animals die from natural causes all the time, extinctions are almost always driven by humans.

"The rates of extinction that are occurring are 1,000 times greater in the world than what you would consider to occur by natural processes," Monfort said.

Conservationists will sometimes rescue and rehabilitate sick members of endangered species, particularly if their ailment is linked to human presence - Monfort called that "conservation with a little c." But most of the work of protecting threatened populations is about ensuring that they have the right resources and environment to thrive, despite the incursions of poachers, climate change, deforestation and the like.

Dear Science: Why aren't apes evolving into humans?

Indeed, aiding animals is sometimes antithetical to the notion of conservation. Things like illness, injury and predation can be brutal to witness - but they are also part of the natural system scientists want to preserve. That's why conservationists rarely intervene in individual cases, even when they involve creatures the scientists are trying to protect.

Currently, Monfort is helping with a project to reintroduce the scimitar-horned oryx - a North African antelope that's been extinct in the wild for years - to a nature reserve in Chad. The animals are fitted with radio collars and will be protected from human influence, but "once we reintroduce we more or less let nature take its course," Monfort said.

Don Despain, a retired ecologist at Yellowstone National Park, has said that "the resource is wildness" - a quote that the park now features on its website.

"The importance of Yellowstone is not in preserving five thousand bison, ten thousand hot springs, or three hundred waterfalls," the park explains. "Rather, the park's significance is in preserving natural ecological processes."

In nature, an injured animal - say, the bird in your back yard with a broken wing - will become food for a predator - perhaps an owl. The remains that the owl doesn't eat will go on to feed microbes that fertilize the soil, which in turn gives rise to new plants, which will feed the insects that become a meal for future birds. This whole system is the "wildness" that Despain speaks of. It's worth thinking about the next time you come across an injured bird.
Have a question for Dear Science? Ask it here.

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Dear Science: If an animal is lost or injured, why shouldn't I help it?

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Why do some conservationists caution against helping animals in nature? It's so sad to see an animal lost or dying due to natural causes - what harm could result from saving it? Here's what science has to say: It can be really hard to see another living thing alone and in pain.

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Aquariums Receiving COVID-19 Bailout Must End Cetacean Breeding

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Aquariums Receiving COVID-19 Bailout Must End Cetacean Breeding

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https://awionline.org/press-releases/aquariums-receiving-covid-19-bailout-must-end-cetacean-breeding

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https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1061&context=honors-theses

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DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln

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Abstract

The deployment of active sonar by the U.S. Navy and its potential impacts on marine mammals has been an ongoing issue of intense debate; regulatory, legislative, and judicial activity; and international concern. Some peacetime use of military sonar has been regulated under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and other statutes due to concerns that active military sonars are operated at frequencies used by some cetaceans (i.e., whales, porpoises, and dolphins), and their highintensity sound pulses may travel long distances in the ocean. There is also concern that sonar transmissions of sufficiently high intensity might physically damage the hearing in cetaceans or cause them to modify their behavior in ways that are detrimental. Although mid-frequency sonar has been implicated in several beaked whale strandings, there is scientific uncertainty surrounding the totality of the effects active sonar transmissions may have on marine mammals.

This report summarizes legal and political events related to active sonar and marine mammals since 1994. Prior to the late 1990s, concerns focused primarily on the use of underwater sound as a research tool. While strandings and mortality of marine mammals, primarily beaked whales, have been observed in concurrence with mid-frequency sonar operation, additional controversy has focused on the development of low-frequency active (LFA) sonar. Environmental interests are concerned with LFA sonar because low-frequency sound travels farther than midfrequency sound and is closer in frequency to those known to be used by baleen whales.

Additional questions involve how to balance obligations of the military to comply with MMPA provisions (as well as provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act and the Endangered Species Act) with national security concerns. In 2003, Congress passed P.L. 108-136, wherein §319 amended the MMPA to authorize exemptions from restrictions on harassing and otherwise taking marine mammals for "national defense."

Generally speaking, concern about the environmental effects of ocean noise is now principally focused on three activities - military sonar exercises, oil and gas exploration, and commercial shipping. This report summarizes some of the more significant recent events pertaining to active military sonar, in particular.

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Active Military Sonar and Marine Mammals: Events and References

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The deployment of active sonar by the U.S. Navy and its potential impacts on marine mammals has been an ongoing issue of intense debate; regulatory, legislative, and judicial activity; and international concern.

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How do the animals travel to remote work sites?

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How do the animals travel to remote work sites?

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Over short distances, they are trained to either swim alongside a small boat or ride in the boat itself. For longer trips, animals can be transported by sea on naval vessels or by air in planes or helicopters.Sea lions ride in specially designed kennels and are kept cool, wet, and comfortable. Dolphins are placed in fleece-lined stretchers that are suspended in fiberglass containers filled with enough water to comfortably support their weight. A veterinarian oversees the comfort and care of all the animals while each is constantly monitored by an experienced trainer.

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The Abuse Behind Marine Parks and Aquariums (sharon)

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The Abuse Behind Marine Parks and Aquariums (sharon)

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https://wildezine.com/1969/science/the-abuse-behind-marine-parks-and-aquariums/

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https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1277953/

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3 wins & 20 nominations. See more awards "

Storyline

Alex, Marty, Gloria and Melman are still trying to get back to the Big Apple and their beloved Central Park zoo, but first they need to find the penguins. When they travel to Monte Carlo, they attract the attention of Animal Control after gate crashing a party and are joined by the penguins, King Julian and Co., and the monkeys. How do a lion, zebra, hippo, giraffe, four penguins, two monkeys, three lemurs travel through Europe without attracting attention and get back to New York? They join a traveling circus. Their attempts to get back to New York are consistently hampered by the Captain of Animal Control who wants to make Alex part of her collection. Once they make it back to New York Marty, Alex, Gloria and Melman realize that they want to be part of the traveling circus. Written by Anonymous

Taglines:

Six years ago, they disappeared without a trace. Next summer, they finally resurface

Did You Know?

Trivia

Although Nana does not appear, she's referenced when Alex dreams about the gang turning old in Africa and see Gloria as an elder. She's dressed like Nana. See more "

Goofs

During Dubois's singing scene, she enters the hospital room that contains four lights but shoots six times leaving one on to begin her song. This is because she shoots three lights, one shot to break the glass and one to break the bulb for each of the three lights. See more "

Quotes

: I'm like a candy cane in a black and white movie.
See more "

Crazy Credits

Part of the closing credits have the credits spotlighted while the characters perform circus acts. See more "

Soundtracks

New York, New York
Written by Leonard Bernstein, Betty Comden and Adolph Green
Performed by Graham Blvd.
Courtesy of Countdown Media
See more "

User Reviews

Details

Release Date:

8 June 2012 (USA)

Box Office

Budget:

$145,000,000 (estimated)

Opening Weekend USA:

$60,316,738, 10 June 2012

Cumulative Worldwide Gross:

$746,921,274

Company Credits

Technical Specs

See full technical specs "

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Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted (2012) - IMDb

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Directed by Eric Darnell, Tom McGrath, Conrad Vernon. With Ben Stiller, Jada Pinkett Smith, Chris Rock, David Schwimmer. The Madagascar animals join a struggling European circus to get back to New York, but find themselves being pursued by a psychotic animal control officer.

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There should be a post from every student in the group. Please write your name next to your post (KAREN)

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There should be a post from every student in the group. Please write your name next to your post (KAREN)

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HOW DOES CORONAVIRUS AFFECT ANIMALS IN ZOOS?

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HOW DOES CORONAVIRUS AFFECT ANIMALS IN ZOOS?

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in Britain is in the middle of a period where opportunities for people to leave the house are restricted, and as some zoos plead poverty and threaten to kill their animals, we need to consider carefully what this crisis means for animals in captivity – now and into the future – says Dr Chris Draper, Born Free’s Head of Animal Welfare & Captivity

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Modern Zoos Are Not Worth the Moral Cost

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Modern Zoos Are Not Worth the Moral Cost

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After being captives of the pandemic for more than a year, we have begun experiencing the pleasures of simple outings: picnic, shopping with a friend, taking a stroll through the zoo. As we snap a selfie by the sea lions for the first time in so long, it seems worth asking, after our collective ordeal, whether our pleasure in seeing wild animals up close is worth the price of their captivity.

Where are our morals when we know what it feels like to be locked up without being able to get out?

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Hundreds of zoos and aquariums accused of mistreating animals

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Hundreds of zoos and aquariums accused of mistreating animals

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an animal welfare group has flagged hundreds of zoos affiliated with the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) for mistreating animals, including making big cats perform in gladiator-style shows, elephants play basketball, and diapered chimpanzees ride scooters.

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Animals in zoos are forced to live in artificial, stressful, and downright boring conditions. Removed from their natural habitats and social structures, they are confined to small, restrictive environments that deprive them of mental and physical stimulation. While zoos claim to provide conservation, education, and entertainment, their primary goal is to sustain public support in order to increase profits