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1. In 762 CE the Abbasid Caliphate, under the Caliph al-Mansur, moved the capital of the Muslim world to the newly founded city of Baghdad.

2. The city, known as ‘the Round City’, was built as two large semicircles with a mosque at the centre and housed the caliph’s palace, libraries, government and military buildings. It also contained parks, gardens, squares and wide avenues.

3. Residential areas for all but the most important people, markets and businesses were built outside the city walls.

4. Until its destruction by the Mongols in 1258, Baghdad was a world centre of culture and learning. This period is sometimes known as the Golden Age of Islam.

5. It is estimated that during the period c900-1200 the population of Baghdad reached between 1,200,000 and 2,000,000 people.

6. The House of Wisdom housed a library and attracted scholars from around the world who translated texts from the classical world into Arabic. Much ancient knowledge was preserved and the development of Islamic theology, philosophy, science and medicine was stimulated.

7. Islamic scholars and inventors adopted the Hindi symbol for zero and style of numerals (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.) which we still use today. This enabled them to explore and develop new areas of mathematics such as algebra, algorithms and the tessellation of shapes.

8. Besides the Shi’ite and Sunni Muslims who lived in the city, Baghdad was home to many different religious and ethnic communities. These included Christians, Jews, Gnostics and Zoroastrians who regulated their own communal affairs and lived in different areas of the city. Many elements of Persian and Egyptian culture were also adopted.

9. Baghdad was situated on the banks of the Tigris. The city’s docks accommodated hundreds of different boats including trading vessels, pleasure crafts and warships. Merchants and sailors brought precious goods, news and knowledge from around the world into the city.

10. Islamic (Sharia) law and Arabic grammar were standardised during this time. The use of a common Arabic language helped to unify the people of the Empire and meant that knowledge could be spread more widely.

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it was known as the round circle

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Baghdad was built by the Abbasid family in 762AD. They built Baghdad as they wanted to have a powerful new Capital away from the supporters of the Umayyad family who had ruled the Muslims for a long time.
The City was built as a circle and is known as 'the round city'. One modern Historian describes the Baghdad as being:

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       will noah                                                              

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       will noah                                                              

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Tigris-Euphrates river system, Tigris–Euphrates river systemEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.great river system of Southwest Asia, comprising the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which have their sources within 50 miles (80 km) of each other in eastern Turkey and travel southeast through northern Syria and Iraq to the head of the Persian Gulf. The lower portion of the region that they define, known as Mesopotamia (Greek: “Land Between the Rivers”), was one of the cradles of civilization. The total length of the Euphrates (Sumerian: Buranun; Akkadian: Purattu; biblical: Perath; Arabic: Al-Furāt; Turkish: Fırat) is about 1,740 miles (2,800 km). The Tigris (Sumerian: Idigna; Akkadian: Idiklat; biblical: Hiddekel; Arabic: Dijlah; Turkish: Dicle) is about 1,180 miles (1,900 km) in length.

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Tigris-Euphrates river system, great river system of Southwest Asia, comprising the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which have their sources within 50 miles (80 km) of each other in eastern Turkey and travel southeast through northern Syria and Iraq to the head of the Persian Gulf. The lower portion of the region that they define, known as Mesopotamia (Greek: “Land Between the Rivers”), was one of the cradles of civilization. The total length of the Euphrates (Sumerian: Buranun; Akkadian: Purattu; biblical: Perath; Arabic: Al-Furāt; Turkish: Fırat) is about 1,740 miles (2,800 km). The Tigris (Sumerian: Idigna; Akkadian: Idiklat; biblical: Hiddekel; Arabic: Dijlah; Turkish: Dicle) is about 1,180 miles (1,900 km) in length.

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Tigris-Euphrates river system, Tigris–Euphrates river systemEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.great river system of Southwest Asia, comprising the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which have their sources within 50 miles (80 km) of each other in eastern Turkey and travel southeast through northern Syria and Iraq to the head of the Persian Gulf. The lower portion of the region that they define, known as Mesopotamia (Greek: “Land Between the Rivers”), was one of the cradles of civilization. The total length of the Euphrates (Sumerian: Buranun; Akkadian: Purattu; biblical: Perath; Arabic: Al-Furāt; Turkish: Fırat) is about 1,740 miles (2,800 km). The Tigris (Sumerian: Idigna; Akkadian: Idiklat; biblical: Hiddekel; Arabic: Dijlah; Turkish: Dicle) is about 1,180 miles (1,900 km) in length.The rivers usually are discussed in three parts: their upper courses, restricted to the valleys and gorges of eastern Anatolia, through which the rivers descend from their sources, lying 6,000 to 10,000 feet (1,800 to 3,000 metres) above sea level; their middle courses, in the uplands of northern Syria and Iraq, at elevations varying from 1,200 feet (370 metres) at the foot of the so-called Kurdish Escarpment to 170 feet (50 metres) where the rivers empty onto the plain of central Iraq; and their lower courses across this alluvial plain, which both rivers have created jointly. At Al-Qurnah the rivers join to form the Shatt al-Arab.

Physical features

General considerations

Having risen in close proximity, the Tigris and Euphrates diverge sharply in their upper courses, to a maximum distance of some 250 miles (400 km) apart near the Turkish-Syrian border. Their middle courses gradually approach each other, bounding a triangle of mainly barren limestone desert known as Al-Jazīrah (Arabic: “The Island”). There the rivers have cut deep and permanent beds in the rock, so that their courses have undergone only minor changes since prehistoric times. Along the northeastern edge of Al-Jazīrah, the Tigris drains the rain-fed heart of ancient Assyria, while along the southwestern limit the Euphrates crosses true desert.

On the alluvial plain, south of Sāmarrāʾ and Al-Ramādī, both rivers have undergone major shifts throughout the millennia, some as a consequence of human intervention. The 7,000 years of irrigation farming on the alluvium have created a complex landscape of natural levees, fossil meanders, abandoned canal systems, and thousands of ancient settlement sites. The location of tells—raised mounds under which are found the ruins of towns and cities of ancient Babylonia and Sumer—often bears no relation to modern watercourses. In the vicinity of Al-Fallūjah and the Iraqi capital, Baghdad, the distance separating the rivers is some 30 miles (50 km), so small that, prior to its damming, floodwaters from the Euphrates often reached the capital on the Tigris. During the Sāsānian period (3rd century ce), an elaborate feat of engineering linked the two rivers along this narrow neck by five navigable canals (the Īsā, Ṣarṣar, Malik, Kūthā, and Shaṭṭ al-Nīl canals), allowing Euphrates water to empty into the Tigris.

South of Baghdad the rivers exhibit strongly contrasting characteristics. The Tigris, especially after its confluence with the silt-laden Diyālā, carries a greater volume than the Euphrates; cuts into the alluvium; forms tortuous meanders; and, even in modern times, has been subject to great floods and consequent natural levee building. Only below Al-Kūt does the Tigris ride high enough over the plain to permit tapping for flow irrigation. The Euphrates, by contrast, builds its bed at a level considerably above the alluvial plain and has been used throughout history as the main source of Mesopotamian irrigation.

The Gharrāf River, now a branch of the Tigris but in ancient times the main bed of that river, joins the Euphrates below Al-Nāṣiriyyah. In the southern alluvial plain, both rivers flow through marshes, and the Euphrates flows through Lake Al-Ḥammār, an open stretch of water. Finally, the Euphrates and Tigris join and flow as the Shatt al-Arab to the Persian Gulf.

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The city, known as ‘the Round City’, was built as two large semicircles with a mosque at the centre and housed the caliph’s palace, libraries, government and military buildings. It also contained parks, gardens, squares and wide avenues.

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Map

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It is a country full of history.

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The Tigris river system

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Why was Baghdad important?The Abbasid Caliphate established their capital in the city of Baghdad in 762CE.Over the next five centuries Islamic culture flourished and Baghdad became renowned as a centre of learning and tolerance. Scholarship was encouraged and scientists, doctors, philosophers and engineers made significant advances in their fields. Art and architecture combined to produce beautiful mosques and palaces.This period is known as the Golden Age of Islam.

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Baghdad was built by the Abbasid family in 762AD. They built Baghdad as they wanted to have a powerful new Capital away from the supporters of the Umayyad family who had ruled the Muslims for a long time.
The City was built as a circle and is known as 'the round city'. One modern Historian describes the Baghdad as being:

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Islamic culture flourished and baghdad became renowned as a centre of learning and tolerance

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will&noah                                               

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will&noah                                               

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The Ancient City of Baghdad  was built by the Abbasid family in 762AD. They built Baghdad as they wanted to have a powerful new Capital away from the supporters of the Umayyad family who had ruled the Muslims for a long time. The City was built as a circle and is known as 'the round city'. One modern Historian describes the Baghdad as being:"perfectly round. It had four gates and 360 towers. On the outside was a ditch twenty meters wide and a wall nine meters thick. The main wall was over thirty meters high and fourteen meters wide at the top. One section was reserved for the government and the army and closed off by a wall seventeen and a half meters high and twenty meters thick. At the centre of the city was a vast square. here stood the Golden Palace with it's copper dome and the Great Mosque. No one entered this central space except on foot and with permission."Baghdad soon became very rich as it was near to all of the major trade routes. It became a centre for art and literature as many people stopped in the city and shared ideas

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Scholars made numbers.

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Why was Baghdad important?

The Abbasid Caliphate established their capital in the city of Baghdad in 762CE.

Over the next five centuries Islamic culture flourished and Baghdad became renowned as a centre of learning and tolerance.

Scholarship was encouraged and scientists, doctors, philosophers and engineers made significant advances in their fields. Art and architecture combined to produce beautiful mosques and palaces

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Baghdad is important because of the history behined it

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1. The House of Wisdom housed a library and attracted scholars from around the world who translated texts from the classical world into Arabic. Much ancient knowledge was preserved and the development of Islamic theology, philosophy, science and medicine was stimulated.

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Iraq is bordered by Syria,Iran, Turkey, Jordan and Saudia Arabia.

Baghdad is the capital city of Iraq.

Iraq is a country where there is a lot of war.

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Not many people go there on holiday because of all the wars

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A caliphate is a form of Islamic govement . This is where

They concerned

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The city was built as a perfect circle known as the round city.

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The Abbasid caliphate established the city of Baghdad in 726CE

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The abbasis are the third of the Islamic caliphates to sucseed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.The Abbasid dynasty desended from Muhammads youngest uncle

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not many people go on holiday to Iraq because of all the wars that are going on

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The Abbasids encouraged the gathering of texts and welcomed scholars from many different cultures to translate these ancient works. In so doing they preserved much knowledge that would otherwise have been lost. They also developed a scientific approach to their work, they were innovative and they questioned earlier beliefs when these were mistaken. This helped to stimulate new learning and advance scientific and other knowledge.

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The city is known as the round city

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The Abbasid Caliphate moved the capital of the muslim world to the city of Baghdad.

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It's boarders are Syria Iran Saudi Arabia Jordon Turkey Kunwait

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Baghdad  was built by the Abbasid family in 762AD

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It is located in central Iraq

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Lots of events in the news have taken place like the ISIS

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It is in Asia

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Baghdads most famouse river is the tigre river

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Baghdad is located in central Iraq. Iraq is in western Asia.

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The Abbasids were the dynasty of Caliphs who ruled the Islamic empire from 750 until the Mongol conquest of the Middle East in 1258😄Baghdad was built by the Abbasid family in 762AD. They built Baghdad as they wanted to have a powerful new capital away from the supporters of the Umayyad family who had ruled Muslims for a long time.

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it is a big group !!!!!

there are wars going on in countries such as Syria,pakistan,turkey,saudia Arabia and iran !!!!!!!1

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Baghdad is in Western Asia

It borders syria, Saudi arabia , Iran , Turkey , Jordan, Kuwait

Baghdad is the capital of Iraq

Tigris - Euphrates river system runs through Baghdad .

Baghdad was built by the Abbasid family in 762AD

The Abbasid caliphate established their capital in the city of Baghdad in 762CE

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They are a group of calippates

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the continent of baghdad is Asia.

the borders are Syria,Iran,Saudi Arabia,Jordan,Turkey,kuwait.

WHO WERE THE ABBASIDS?

The Abbasid Caliphate established their capital in the city of Baghdad in 762CE.

Over the next five centuries Islamic culture flourished and Baghdad became renowned as a centre of learning and tolerance.

Scholarship was encouraged and scientists, doctors, philosophers and engineers made significant advances in their fields. Art and architecture combined to produce beautiful mosques and palaces.

This period is known as the golden age of islam

WHAT WAS THE ROUND CITY?

Baghdad was built by the Abbasid family in 762AD. They built Baghdad as they wanted to have a powerful new Capital away from the supporters of the Umayyad family who had ruled the Muslims for a long time.
The City was built as a circle and is known as the round ciTY

WHAT RIVERS DOES BAGHDAD SIT ON ?WHY ARE THEY IMPORTANT?

Tigris-Euphrates river system, great river system of Southwest Asia, comprising the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which have their sources within 50 miles (80 km) of each other in eastern Turkey and travel southeast through northern Syria and Iraq to the head of the Persian Gulf. The lower portion of the region that they define, known as Mesopotamia (Greek: “Land Between the Rivers”), was one of the cradles of civilization. The total length of the Euphrates(Sumerian: Buranun; Akkadian: Purattu; biblical: Perath; Arabic: Al-Furāt; Turkish: Fırat) is about 1,740 miles (2,800 km). The Tigris (Sumerian: Idigna; Akkadian: Idiklat; biblical: Hiddekel; Arabic: Dijlah; Turkish: Dicle) is about 1,180 miles (1,900 km) in length.

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"perfectly  round. It had four gates and 360 towers. On the  outside was a ditch twenty meters wide and a wall  nine meters thick. The main wall was over thirty  meters high and fourteen meters wide at the top.  One section was reserved for the government and  the army and closed off by a wall seventeen and  a half meters high and twenty meters thick. At the  centre of the city was a vast square. here stood  the Golden Palace with it's copper dome and the  Great Mosque. No one entered this central space  except on foot and with permission."

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borders Syria,Iran,Turkey,Jordan,Saudi Arabia and Kuwait . Baghdad was built by the Abbasid family 762AD .

Baghdad was built as a circle so it is known as the round city . Baghdad ISN'T as important as it used to be because it doesn't really invent anything any more and there is a lot of war there today .

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Located in central Iraq

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The Abbasids were a group

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With your partner, your task is to research one of the following questions.

Group 1

Who were the Abbasids?

http://www.theschoolrun.com/homework-help/baghdad-c900

Group 2
What was the round city?

http://www.schoolshistory.org.uk/baghdad.htm#.VFaMrxEqWUk

Group 3
Which achievements did scholars make during the “Golden Age”?

http://www.theschoolrun.com/homework-help/baghdad-c900

Group 4
What rivers does Baghdad sit on? Why are they
important?

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/595616/Tigris-Euphrates-river-system

Group 5
Is Baghdad still important? Why (why not)?