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This cancer can be treated two ways:
-Esophagectomy (Esophageal Resection
Removing the tumor by removing a part of the esophagus.
-Chemotherapy
Through appropriate drug treatment and chemotherapy, the cancer spread can be prevented from recurring or treated.

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*Achalasia- the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax; food can not enter stomach
*Reflux Disorder/Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder/ GERD- the lower esophageal sphincter stays relaxed; brings acid into esophagus

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By eating healthily and avoiding foods that can irritate your esophagus, you can avoid any risks of cancer. Your diet typically causes this cancer through foods that’s irritate the lining.

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Typically, this cancer is three times more likely to occur in men. It’s also typically found commonly in African Americans. The risk of developing this cancer increases with age, usually starting around the age 45. Although, in some cases it happens to youth.

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Esophageal cancer is found to occur when the esophageal cells are irritated. This can happen from:
-consuming alcohol                        -smoking
-having a reflux disorder*            -being overweight
-not eating healthily                    -achalasia*.

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Esophageal cancer is detectable by performing four tests, using one or any combination of:
Endoscopy
-uses an instrument with a camera (endoscope)
-goes down the throat to view the lining
A barium swallow
-An X-ray image showing the lining of your esophagus -You must swallow a chemical named barium while the doctor collects the images.
Biopsy
-The doctor removes a sample of the tissue to be tested
-Uses an endoscope
CT scan, MRI, or PET scan can be done to see if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

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There are two types of esophageal cancer;
Squamous cell carcinoma
When the cancer begins in the flat, thin cells making up the esophagus lining, this form begins. It most often begins in the top or middle of the esophagus.
Adenocarcinoma
This form occurs when the cancer begins in the glandular cells of the esophagus. These cells are responsible for fluid production, such as mucus. This form is commonly in the lower part of the esophagus.

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There are many indicators to esophageal cancer. Some of these include:
-weight loss                                  -difficulty swallowing
-indigestion                                  -vomiting
-heartburn                                    -frequent choking
-chronic cough                            -chest pain
-food coming back up                 -fatigue
During early stages, many of these signs do not appear. As the cancer continues, however, these symptoms can become apparent.

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Mayo Clinic. (2018). Esophageal cancer - Symptoms and causes. [online] Available at:
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/esophageal-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20356084
[Accessed 5 Dec. 2018].

Healthline. (2018). Esophageal Cancer: Overview, Causes, and Symptoms. [online] Available at:
https://www.healthline.com/health/esophageal-cancer#causes [Accessed 5 Dec. 2018].

ESOPHAGEAL CANCER. (2016). [S.l.]: SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PU.

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The cause of this cancer is not quite known yet. It is related to the mutations of the cell's DNA in the esophagus. These mutations are believed to occur when the cells are irritated.

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Esophageal cancer is the growth of cancerous cells in the esophagus. The esophagus is a long, hollow, muscular tube that transports food from your throat to your stomach. Esophageal cancer occurs when a malignant tumor forms in the lining.