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Monsaccharides
- Simplest form of sugar and most basic units of carbohydrates

Function
-Energy supply for living organism by breaking down into carbon dioxide and water with the presence oxygen

Example
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Galactose

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Disaccharides
- Form by consisting of two monosaccharides (or can be call "double sugar ") joining together by undergoing dehydration reaction
- Link bond was glycosidic bond or can be call as glycosidic linkage too

- Function
- Normally people used it as sweetener
- When it is being digested , it will be broken down into simple sugars and providing energy
- help transporting monosaccharides such as glucose , fructose and galactose between cells

Examples
- Sucrose
- Maltose
- Lactose

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Polysaccharides
- Form by consisting of long chain of monosacharides linking together by glycosidic bond

-Function
-Serve as building material the cell or whole organism
- Energy storage that is hydrolyzed when it is needed
- Used to provide protective walls or lubricative caoating to cells

Examples
- Starch
- Glycogen
- Cellulose
- Chitin

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- Protein are large molecules made from smaller units of amino acids

- Has 4 structures

primary structure
-linear sequence

Secondary structure
-Alpha helix
-Beta plated sheets

Tertiary structure
- Alpha helix and beta plated sheets collide with each other and form a 3D shape

Quaternary  structure
-When 2 or more tertiary structure polypeptide chains are arranged to form into a complex protein

- Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds

Functions
- Maintenance of body tissue , including repairing body tissue
- Source of energy
- Produces enzymes that increase the chemical rate of body

Examples
- Keratin
- Hemoglobin
- Albumin

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- Made from smaller units of fatty acids and glycerol
-triglycerides are lipids
-Fats and oils are lipids
-Low solubility in water

Saturated fats
- Fats that contain single bonds
-Tend to be solid at room temperature
Ex butter and lard

Unsaturated fats
- Fats that contains double bonds in one or more tails of the compound
- Tend to be liquid at room temperature
Ex vegetable oil

Functions
-Being used as an energy source to provide energy
- Structural component of of cell membranes
- Store energy to insulates the body and cushion organs

Examples
-Phospolipids
- Cholesterol
- Vitamin D

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- Single helix
- Nitrogenous bases include adenine (A), Guanine (G) , Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)
- Polymers of nucleotide joined to one another by covalent bonds between phosphate of one necleotide  and another sugar

Functions
- Deliver amino acids to the ribosomes
- mRna messenger for instruction protein
- tRna carries the match of amino acids to condoms during translation

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- Double helix
- Made up of molecules called necleotides
- Necleotides consist of a phosphate, sugar group and a nitrogen base
- Contains 4 nitrogen bases of A , T , G and C

Functions
- Contains genetic information for the function of living things
- Long - term storage of information