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MEETING OF THE ESTATES GENERAL; MAY 5th,1789

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MEETING OF THE ESTATES GENERAL; MAY 5th,1789

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The Meeting of the Estates was an assembly of representatives from all 3 Estates to get approval for the tax reforms. The 1st Estate was made up of the clergy. These were people who worked for the church including priests, monks, bishops, and nuns being the smallest estate in terms of population. The 2ed Estate was the French nobility. These people held most of the high offices in the land, got special privileges, and didn't have to pay most of the taxes. The rest of the population (around 98% of the people) were members of the 3rd Estate. These people were the peasants, craftspeople, and laborers. Louis XVI held the meeting in Versailles due to the French government having financial problems. This was the first meeting where all 3 Estates came together for the first time in 175 years.
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The National Assembly was delegated by the 3rd estate. This was when the 3rd estate insisted on all 3 estates meeting together. Each delegate have a vote giving an advantage to the 3rd estate because they had more people. The 3rd estate delegates themselves the National Assembly passing laws and reforms in the name of the French people. The national assembly also established the end of absolute monarchy.
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One day the 3rd estate delegates found themselves locked out of their meeting room. The members of the French 3rd estate, who had begun to call themselves the National Assembly, took the Tennis Court Oath. This Tennis Court Oath was the peoples vows claiming "not to separate, and to reassemble wherever circumstances require, until the constitution of the kingdom is established". This lasted until 1791.
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The great fear consisted of violence, panic, and riots. Riots broke out due to economic concerns, rural panic and rumors. These rumors consist of “aristocratic conspiracy” by the king and the privileged to overthrow the Third Estate. The National Assembly declared to abolish the feudal regime and introduced the Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
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During this time in France, the main food of the french was bread. The poor French economy had led to a scarcity of bread and high prices due to the idiotic. People were hungry, and some were starving. In Paris, women would go to the market to buy bread for their families, only to find that what little bread was available was very expensive. After 6 hours of marching in the pouring rain, the crowd (which consisted of women and men) arrived at the king's palace in Versailles. Once the crowd arrived at Versailles they demanded to meet the king. At first, things seemed to be going well. A small group of women met with the king. He agreed to provide them food from the king's stores and promised more in the future. While some of the group left after the agreement, many people stayed and continued to protest. Fighting broke out and some of the guards were killed.
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CONSTITUTION OF 1791 (THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY); SEPTEMBER 1791

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CONSTITUTION OF 1791 (THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY); SEPTEMBER 1791

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Under pressure by radicals, the Legislative Assembly set aside constitution of 1791 declaring king deposed, dissolved assembly, and called for election of new Legislative. National convention took office September, 1791. This abolished monarchy and declared France a republic. At this time women still did not have the right to vote.
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EXECUTION OF KING LOUIS XVI; JANUARY 21, 1793

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EXECUTION OF KING LOUIS XVI; JANUARY 21, 1793

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King Louis XVI was tried for treason guided by the Jacobins. Louis was executed at the Place de la Révolution (Revolution Square) on January 21, 1793.  He was taken to the guillotine in a carriage, preceded by drummers playing to drown out any support for the King and escorted by a cavalry troop with drawn sabres, made its way through Paris along a route lined with 80,000 men at arms and soldiers of the National Guard and sans-culottes. Louis tried to give a speech but the noise of the drums made this difficult to understand. He was then laid on the bench, the collar closed over his neck and then the blade came down.
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Maximilien Robespierre became a leader of the Committee of Public Saftey.  He was a strong leader in the National Assembly. Robespierre governed France virtually as a dictator. The period where he ruled was known as the "Reign of Terror". He also tried to form the Cult of the Supreme Being. The Cult of the Supreme Being was a form of deism Robespierre established in France intending to become the state religion of the new French Republic replacing Roman Catholicism.
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Robespierre said he had a list of names of enemies of the convention he wanted dead, but wouldn't show anyone. The National Convention turned on Robespierre out of fear. After demanding his arrest, shortly after Robespierre and some associates were arrested and taken to city hall to be under watch. The next day, it was discovered Robespierre attempted suicide but failed only destroying his jaw. Soon after his failed suicide attempt,  Robespierre was killed at the guillotine as the guillotines final victim, the terror died with him.
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ROYAL FAMILY TRIES TO ESCAPE FRANCE; JUNE, 1791

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ROYAL FAMILY TRIES TO ESCAPE FRANCE; JUNE, 1791

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King Louis XVI pondered his fate as a monarch. Some of his advisers warned Louis and his family that they were in danger. Initiating a counter-revolution, the family tried to escape from France to Austrian Netherlands. Unfortunately for the royal family, once they reached the border they were apprehended and returned to Paris under guard. Louis's attempt to escape increased influence of radical enemies in government which sealed his fate.
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