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Analysis of the origins of colombian conflict

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Analysis of the origins of colombian conflict

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The origins of the colombian conflict may be addressed as ‘issues of justice’, according to the reading. When FARC was founded, it had the ideal of fighting against the unfair political system known as Frente Nacional, which did not allow any other political party in power besides the Conservative and Liberal. However, as the conflict advanced through the years, it clearly became intractable and it grew apart from its fight against injustice. This intractability can be blamed on several facts: i. FARC’s funding by means of criminality; ii. Land disputes; iii. The increasing support for the use of violence from the far-right extremist that lead to paramilitarism; among others. By: Carolina Montaño & Manuela Chocontá

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Michelle Maiese gives several reasons for the beginning of the Colombian civil conflict, especially the high-stake distributional issue (inequal distribution of land), justice problems and unsatisfied human needs. In order to react to those structural problems and to work towards a new model of society, some guerilla groups in the countryside and in the towns emerged.  So the origin of the conflict was the idea of getting your legitimate political, social and economic rights, but time passed by; narcotrafic, corruption and paramilitary entered in the story and the original convictions got perverted and extremely complicated.
Theresia Haitz.

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We believe that the Colombian conflict is intractable according to Michelle Maiese’s article, because it can be explained in three points. First, according to issues of justice, since the state has justified the use of force against armed groups as retaliation for their actions. Second, due to rights, because there has been corruption in state institutions, which has allowed the state of emergency and enforced disappearances, as well as forced recruitment by armed groups. Finally, according to unmet human needs, because the absence of the state has made a large number of people join the guerrillas as the only way to access them.

Laura Mendoza and Maria Paula Álvarez

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Based on the text ‘Causes of disputes and conflicts’, the colombian conflict could be explained as intractable because of three main reasons: High-Stakes Distributional Issues, Issues of justice and rights. In fact, the last two reasons also explain the intractable character of the conflict during and after the peace process.

High- Stakes Distributional issues could be seen on the origins of the conflict that take into account the tangible and intangible resources as economics and political ones. Issues of justice and rights are placed at the core of conflict, therefore during the plebiscite, the choice of one gave the discrepancy between yes and no supporters.

By: Valentina Cáceres and Laura Dávila.

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Analyzing the Colombian conflict from Maiese's text, it could be argued that there have been 3 different causes for different phases of the conflict. The principal cause of the conflict has to do with distributional issues in terms of land and political power (which are also related to unmet human needs). These conditions resulted in illegal military organizations that, in turn, violated rights of civilians –and hence led to the creation of paramilitary groups. As the conflict went on, arguments for justice have made it even more difficult to solve the conflict since there is no room for compromise.

María Paula Pineda

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The Colombian conflict is an intractable conflict since it has divisions that affect parties’ fundamental interests, needs and values. This conflict lasts for year, since the period called La Violencia, it means since 1948.

This period involved various parties : el partido liberal y el partido conservador, with their own issues. The beginning of this period is El Bogotazo, the assassination of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, a presidential candidate from the liberals.

Also, with the time, other actors entered in this conflict to defend their interests (guerrillas, paramilitares, narcotraficantes). Their interests were mainly political (it was a two-party system) and economical.

They often refused to negotiate with their opponents, that with the time, they started to see as ennemies.

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There are some theories about the causes of the armed conflict in Colombia but the most known is the problematic of the distribution of the land. this agrarian problem worried mainly people in rural areas like farmers and lansowners .  This ended with the creation of the guerrilla, this is an example of a intractable conflict becauses of the distriution issue. Another reason for the conflict was the lack of state presence in vulnerable and distant areas, which mean that the habitants of these regions didn´t receive basic services like health and hausing. This created a situation of poverty fot those habitants.

Linda Guayacan
Luisa Osorio

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We can say that the Colombian conflict is because the wrong and unfair distribution of the recourses and principally of the land. After reading the text Causes of Disputes and Conflicts we can affirm that the conflict between Colombia and FARC has more than one cause. The first one is an issue of justice because the conservative government and their politics were unfair with some Colombians. The second one is rights because the rural population did not have the basic rights like education and an opportunity of a god job. Also the high-stakes distributional issues was a cause because the majority land  owners was the high class.

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According to Maiese’s causes of disputes and conflicts, Colombia’s internal war could be explained through high-stakes distributional issues, identity issues and unmet human needs. In time, conflict has expanded and new causes have arisen, but those first three reflect the initial circumstances that brought us here. Land distribution became an issue when people migrated to the free lowlands of Colombia to grow food and elites started owning land arbitrarily. They took advantage without guaranteeing peasants’ basic needs in return. Peasants' voice were unheard and, eventually, political parties (and later guerillas) became the instrument to articulate power groups in fragmented territories, to identify yourself and your enemies. Nowadays, conflict, organised crime and Statehood issues are deeply tangled.

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Alejandra Rusinque and Sergio Gonzalez: Colombia’s conflict is explained by the points referring intolerance by an elite, unjustified exclusion of ideologies, and uneven distribution of common human bases for democratic participation. Firstly, regarding the political interest of all members of a nation, having only two possible ideologies excluded the majority of Colombia’s population during the 1950s. As a consequence of being misheard, a vast number of people, mainly non-influent and socio-economically underprivileged, took violence as their tool for consolidating justice within their political representation and lack of government’s aid. These, because of the recurrent segregation by those who are beneficiaries of the traditional bipartidism. Meaning that a silenced community, aiming for a voice in the institution which affects their daily activities, opted for a way of increasing their chances of participation which meant taking justice in their own hands, defending their right of inclusion, not considering the massive damage and violation of human rights towards different beliefs. The conflict started as a way of fighting for political rights, and forgot about them during the course of it turning intractable.

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Lagard Louise and Loizeau Flore :  After reading this texts it appears that the Colombian conflict is an identity conflict that was aggravated due to a right conflict. The identity issue began with the Violencia period in the 1950’s which divided the population based on their political views and ideologies ostracizing the Communists. This lead to an increase in the polarization of the groups and negating their legitimacy to be represented in society. Being represented in society is a right that people felt entitled to and therefore expected the authorities to repair this violation. In the Colombian conflict, however, not only didn’t they repaired it but they even perpetuated the victimization of non-liberalists nor conservatives by going on a manhunt affecting their basic human rights. Finally the effect of the lack of acceptance, tolerance and perpetuated violence have lead to the emergence of many identity and ideology based groups that kept retaliating against the inhuman treatments they received. To this day it has complicated the process of compromising.

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The conflict began with the willing for a better distribution of the lands for the rural people (High-Stakes Distributional Issues) and access to basic needs such as access to housing, health, and education (Unmet Human Needs). The state should have the compromise on fullfilling these needs toward the rural people but haven't (Rights), and this have awaken the feeling of unfairness to the people because they know they deserve better (Issues of Justice). Nowadays, with the result of the referendum another component of the conflict appears because the colombians are morally divided between peace (moral compromise) and the rejection of the agreement because it's morally unacceptable (Moral Conflict).

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The Colombian conflict respond to a wide range of characteristics given by the definition. It can be described as an « intractable conflict » because of the intensity of its settlement in the society. The country experienced very damaging effects with the implication of several parts which refused to negotiate. Consequently it resulted in an escalation of hate using fear as principal weapon.
Accordging to Michelle Maiese, Colombian conflict can be explained by three main causes :
- Justice
- Unmet human needs
- High stakes distributional issues.
We can underline that the lack of state presence in the conflict explains the three first causes. There is no institution to supply human emergency, and basic needs. Furthermore, the lack of security encouraged groups as paramilitary and guerrilla to take control of Colombian territory.
Consecuently, this conflict, by his strength and his length of time has affected many fundamental interests as matters of justice, economy, identities, social values and human rights…
For example the distributional issues are due to the fact that conflicts provoked scarcity of food and increased inequality among the country
Thus, this kind of intractable conflit leads situations where it can be resolved by a loose-win dynamic. This illustrate the causality and the inherent character of dominant/subordinate roles.

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As far as I know, being a French student, the causes of Colombian conflict are an inextricable blend of human needs and high-stakes distributional issues according to Michelle Maiese. The FARC were created to disrupt Colombia social order, claiming for a better land repartition and fighting against structural poverty in rural areas. Moreover, the FARC originally come from self-defence farmers groups who refuse to be demobilized after the end of La Violencia. So, the recognition of basic human needs and land repartition were the primary causes, nonetheless the high level of violence (massacres, tortures, kidnapping, rapes…) within the conflict reinforces conflict’s intractability and his resolution with new issues of justice, reparation and memory.

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According to Maiese article, the Colombian conflict could be explained by three causes: Justice, unmet human needs and high-stakes distributional issues. As we know, the main cause is the lack of State presence in the conflict areas, not only in the decision process but also the inclusion. This explains two of the three causes, because there are no institutions that provide justice or supply human needs, like housing, food or security Also, there are distributional issues that show the inequality of the country and increases the anger of the people, the insecurity and promote the internal conflict and the main cause that was the seeking of inclusion, justice, rights, and basic needs.

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The Colombian conflict, using the reading by Michelle Maiese, could be explained under three causes: issues of justice, unmet human needs and high-stakes distributional issues. The first due to the fact that combatants are looking for justice to be made on the account of several loses from both sides of the combat. It is a fact that some of the conflicts have been born from the attack on families; an example of this are the drug cartels. The second cause can be observed in Colombia because it is known that the strongest reason for paramilitary groups and guerrillas to be born was the need for protection and other basic services that the state wasn't able to provide in certain places of the country (specially rural communities). Finally, the last cause is related to the distribution of the land and the battle between the government and armed groups or with in the armed groups for the countryside.

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Homework: causes of Colombian Armed Conflict

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Homework: causes of Colombian Armed Conflict

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The conflict began with the willing for a better distribution of the lands for the rural people (High-Stakes Distributional Issues) and access to basic needs such as access to housing, health, and education (Unmet Human Needs). The state should have the compromise on fullfilling these needs toward the rural people but haven't (Rights), and this have awaken the feeling of unfairness to the people because they know they deserve better (Issues of Justice). Nowadays, with the result of the referendum another component of the conflict appears because the colombians are morally divided between peace (moral compromise) and the rejection of the agreement because it's morally unacceptable (Moral Conflict).
By: Beatriz Prates and Marjorie Mensah

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Homework question: causes of Colombian Armed Conflict

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Homework question: causes of Colombian Armed Conflict

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Colombia's armed conflict can be explained from different points of the text such as high-stakes distributional issues, which was one of the main concerns of the farmers who created FARC (principally, but other guerrillas too), but that also made possible the perpetuation of the conflict, taking into account that paramilitary were mainly big landlords who wanted to preserve or expand their territories and power. Also we can observe some points of moral conflicts and issues of justice, and rights involved since guerrillas had a different view of what the economic and social model should be, and the sense of injustice they felt at the begging according to them was one of the main reasons to raise in arms, but also was one of the reasons paramilitary said they raised.
By: Melissa Sánchez Aragón

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It's well known that the guerrillas in Colombia have only one objective and it's the stablishment of a socialist state. "Conflicts  involve interests or values that the disputants regard as critical to their survival. These underlying causes include parties' moral values, identities, and fundamental human needs".
This guerrillas appear from the lack of presence by the state in the most distant regions of Colombia and the injustice of the government (through the time) with the campesinos
Moreover, with the emergence of the guerrilla warfare appears other symptoms of the violence like drug trafficking and the appearance of opposing groups that go in war against the socialist guerrillas, giving the colombian conflict the characteristic of being an intractable conflict.
By: Andrés Esteban Díaz. Isabella Moreno Díaz

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Homework question: causes of Colombian Armed Conflict.

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Homework question: causes of Colombian Armed Conflict.

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homework question: causes of the Colombian conflict

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homework question: causes of the Colombian conflict