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I chose this article because it gives me more background on full moons and what they are called based on the month.

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Learn about the full moon and its many names

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Learn about the many names given to full moons.

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I chose this article because it informed me of new eclipses i didn't know about.

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I chose this article because it didn't only just tell me what kinds of tides there are but it also explains why it happens.

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Help EarthSky keep going! Please donate what you can to our annual crowd-funding campaign.
In most places, but not everywhere, there are two high tides and two low tides a day. The difference in height between high and low tides varies, as the moon waxes and wanes from new to full and back to new again. The moon and sun are primarily responsible for the rising and falling of ocean tides. However, for any particular spot on Earth's surface, the height of the tides and their fluctuation in time also depend on the shape of your specific beach and the the angle of the seabed leading up to your beach, plus your larger coastline and the prevailing ocean currents and winds.

All of that said - in the day or two following the February 19 supermoon, which happens to be 2019's biggest supermoon (the full moon closest to perigee this year) - you can expect higher-than-usual tides.

Some background. What are spring tides? Around each new moon and full moon, the sun, Earth, and moon arrange themselves more or less along a line in space. Then the pull on the tides increases, because the gravity of the sun reinforces the moon's gravity. In fact, the height of the average solar tide is about 50 percent of the average lunar tide.

Thus, at new moon or full moon, the tide's range is at its maximum. This is the spring tide: the highest (and lowest) tide. Spring tides are not named for the season. This is spring in the sense of jump, burst forth, rise.

So spring tides bring the most extreme high and low tides every month, and they always happen - every month - around full and new moon.

Why does a supermoon cause more extreme tides? When the new moon or full moon closely aligns with perigee - closest point to Earth in the moon's orbit - then we have a supermoon and extra-large spring tides. Some call these perigean spring tides. But since, in recent years, these close new or full moons have come to be called supermoons, it's also likely some are already calling them supermoon tides, and we've also heard the term king tides.

In 2018, the January 1-2 full moon closely aligned with perigee to bring forth especially high tides. As it happened, on the day after the January 1-2 supermoon, Storm Eleanor hit Europe with winds of up to 100 mph (160 km/h). The wind and extra-high tides caused flooding, hampered travel, injured and killed people, left tens of thousands of homes without power across the U.K., Ireland and other parts of Europe. No doubt the extra-high tides contributed to the severity of the storm. Read more: High tides and winter storms

Why are the tides at their strongest around supermoons? It's simply because the moon is at its closest to Earth, and thus the Earth's oceans are feeling the pull of the moon's gravity most powerfully.

Should you expect these extra-high tides on the exact day of a supermoon? Probably not. The highest tides tend to follow the supermoon (or any full moon) by a day or two.

Do the most extreme high tides - high tides bringing floods - always occur at supermoons? Not necessarily. It's when a spring tide coincides with a time of heavy winds and rain - flooding due to a weather extreme - that the most extreme flooding occurs.
Read more: 2019's largest supermoon on February 19
What part does the sun play, in early 2019? Not only the moon, but also the sun plays a role in Earth's tides. You might see that - when Earth is closest to the sun, as it is every early January - the pull on Earth's tides by the sun is strongest. We reached Earth's closest point to the sun for 2019 on January 3, at 5:20 UTC. Astronomers call this special point in our orbit perihelion, from the Greek roots peri meaning near and helios meaning sun.

It's February now, and we're getting slightly farther from the sun each day. Still, we're closer to the sun now than we will be in July (when Earth reaches aphelion, its farthest point). The closer-than-usual sun and closer-than-usual full moon in February 2019 will almost surely increase the height of high tides.

What are neap tides? There's about a seven-day interval between spring tides and neap tides, when the tide's range is at its minimum. Neap tides occur halfway between each new and full moon - at the first quarter and last quarter moon phase - when the sun and moon are at right angles as seen from Earth. Then the sun's gravity is working against the gravity of the moon, as the moon pulls on the sea. Neap tides happen approximately twice a month, once around first quarter moon and once around last quarter moon.

Why are there two high tides and two low tides each day? If the moon is primarily responsible for the tides, why are there two high tides and two low tides each day in most places, for example, the U.S. eastern seaboard? It seems as if there should just be one. If you picture the part of Earth closest to the moon, it's easy to see that the ocean is drawn toward the moon. That's because gravity depends in part on how close two objects are.

But then why - on the opposite side of Earth - is there another tidal bulge, in the direction opposite the moon? It seems counterintuitive, until you realize that this second bulge happens at the part of Earth where the moon's gravity is pulling the least.

Looking for a tide almanac? EarthSky recommends ...

Earth spins once every 24 hours. So a given location on Earth will pass "through" both bulges of water each day. Of course, the bulges don't stay fixed in time. They move at the slow rate of about 13.1 degrees per day - the same rate as the monthly motion of the moon relative to the stars. Other factors, including the shape of coastlines, etc., also influence the time of the tides, which is why people who live near coastlines like to have a good tide almanac.

Bottom line: The sun, the moon, the shape of a beach and larger coastline, the angle of a seabed leading up to land, and the prevailing ocean currents and winds all affect the height of the tides. Expect higher-than-usual tides for a few days following the February 19, 2019, full supermoon.
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february 19 full supermoon effect on tides

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Tides, and the pull of the moon and sun | EarthSky.org

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Help EarthSky keep going! Please donate what you can to our annual crowd-funding campaign. In most places, but not everywhere, there are two high tides and two low tides a day. The difference in height between high and low tides varies, as the moon waxes and wanes from new to full and back to new again.

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A tide is the rise and fall of sea level. This happens because of the sun and moon's gravitational pull. There are two kinds of tides, spring and neap. A neap and spring tide occur 2 in a month.

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A solar eclipse occurs when the moon is directly in front of the sun causing the sun to only show its corona.

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Solar Eclipse | The Dr. Binocs Show | Educational Videos For Kids

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A lunar eclipse occurs when the moon is directly in Earth's shadow . This causes the moon to appear a red color. The moon is in its full moon phases when this happens.
This is a example of how the Earth block the moon's light and the moon appears to be red.

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Eclipses and transits are astronomical events where a celestial body partially or totally covers another celestial object.

©iStockphoto.com/Hans-Walter Untch

Types of Eclipses

From Earth, we can see two types of eclipses-eclipses of the Sun (solar eclipses) and eclipses of the Moon (lunar eclipses). These occur when the Sun, Earth, and the Moon align in a straight or almost straight configuration. Astronomers call this a syzygy, from the ancient Greek word syzygia, meaning to be yoked together or conjoined.

The term eclipse also finds its roots in ancient Greek-it comes from the word ékleipsis, meaning to fail or to abandon.

Eclipses, solar and lunar, have fascinated scientists and laypeople for centuries. In ancient times, eclipses were seen as phenomena to be feared - many cultures came up with stories and myths to explain the temporary darkening of the Sun or the Moon. In recent centuries, scientists and astronomers follow eclipses in order to study and examine our natural world.
Eclipses and Transits 1900-2199
Solar Eclipses

Solar eclipses can only occur during a New Moon when the Moon moves between Earth and the Sun, and the three celestial bodies form a straight line: Earth-Moon-Sun.

There are between two and five solar eclipses every year.

There are three kinds of solar eclipses: total, partial, and annular. There is also a rare hybrid that is a combination of an annular and a total eclipse.

Total Solar Eclipses

A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon completely covers the Sun, as seen from Earth. Totality during such an eclipse can only be seen from a limited area, shaped like a narrow belt, usually about 160 km (100 mi) wide and 16,000 km (10,000 mi) long. Areas outside this track may be able to see a partial eclipse of the Sun.

Looking at a solar eclipse without any protective eyewear can severely harm your eyes. The only way to safely watch a solar eclipse is to wear protective eclipse glasses or project an image of the eclipsed Sun using a DIY Pinhole Projector.
Total Solar Eclipses 1900-2199
Partial Solar Eclipses

A partial solar eclipse happens when the Moon only partially covers the disk of the Sun.
All Partial Solar Eclipses 1900-2199
Annular Solar Eclipses

An annular solar eclipse occurs when the New Moon covers the Sun's center, leaving its outer edges to form a "ring of fire" or annulus.
All Annular Solar Eclipses 1900-2199
Hybrid Solar Eclipses

A hybrid solar eclipse is a rare form of a solar eclipse, which changes from an annular to a total solar eclipse, and vice versa, along its path.

Lunar Eclipses

©iStockphoto.com/cinoby

The Moon does not have its own light. It shines because its surface reflects the Sun's rays. A lunar eclipse occurs when Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon and blocks the Sun's rays from directly reaching the Moon. Lunar eclipses only happen at Full Moon.
All Lunar Eclipses 1900-2199
There are three kinds of lunar eclipses: total, partial, and penumbral.

Total Lunar Eclipses

A total lunar eclipse occurs when Earth's umbra,the central, dark part of its shadow,covers all of the Moon's surface.
All Total Lunar Eclipses 1900-2199
Partial Lunar Eclipses

When only part of the Moon's surface is obscured by Earth's umbra, we see a partial lunar eclipse.
All Partial Lunar Eclipses 1900-2199
Penumbral Lunar Eclipses

A penumbral lunar eclipse happens when the Moon travels through the faint penumbral portion of Earth's shadow.
All Penumbral Lunar Eclipses 1900-2199

Planet Transits

When a planet comes between Earth and the Sun, it is called a transit. Mercury and Venus are the only two planets that can be seen transiting the Sun from Earth. This is because they are the only planets in the solar system whose orbit is inside Earth's orbit.

From 2000-2199, there will be 14 transits of Mercury. Venus transits are rare, with only 2 this century, in 2004 and 2012.
Planet transits 1900-2199

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Eclipses and transits are astronomical events where a celestial body partially or totally covers another celestial object. From Earth, we can see two types of eclipses-eclipses of the Sun (solar eclipses) and eclipses of the Moon (lunar eclipses). These occur when the Sun, Earth, and the Moon align in a straight or almost straight configuration.

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The moon has 8 different phases. It takes 29.5 days to make a full revolution around the Earth.
This picture show the eight phases and how the moon looks in those phases.