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Post #1: A Deeper Look Into Pseudoscience Red Flags & Reasons For Belief

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Post #1: A Deeper Look Into Pseudoscience Red Flags & Reasons For Belief

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Made by Ashley McLean-Tarala (Working Individually)

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Post #2: Red Flag - Appeal To Authority (Video)

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Post #2: Red Flag - Appeal To Authority (Video)

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Definition
The red flag "Appeal To Authority" refers to the use of an "authoritative figure" to promote, advertise or give credit to a product or information.

Connection
This video demonstrates the use of a celebrity, Kendall Jenner to promote an acne product. Having her advertise the product will make consumers think the product must be effective and worth buying.

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Kendall Jenner display and talking about her acne during TV advert cream Proactiv

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Post #3: Red Flag - Ancient Wisdom (Image)

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Post #3: Red Flag - Ancient Wisdom (Image)

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Definition
The red flag "Ancient Wisdom" refers to the claims that something is effective or accurate because it was developed/used by the ancients way back in history.

Connection
This picture of a Mayan calendar is an example of "Ancient Wisdom" because it was said that it depicted when the world would end. People truly believed that something was going to happen/the world would end on December, 21st 2012 since that is when the ancient Mayan calendar ended. Just because it's old, doesn't mean it's right.

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Post #4: Red Flag - Mystical Energy (Video)

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Post #4: Red Flag - Mystical Energy (Video)

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Definition
The red flag "Mystical Energy" refers to the claims that something is "mystical" or "energy" when in fact the use of the terms do not make sense in that context.

Connection
This video is an example of someone referring to energy as a physical thing. She is speaking about her own energy and protecting it as if it is a physical object. Energy is a measurement of work capability, not an undetectable magical cloud.

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Protecting Your Energy Field with Your Mystical Guide

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In this episode of Your Mystical Guide, I show you how to protect your energy field. These are quick and easy steps you can do every day to protect yourself from negativity entering your auric field. You can support this show and receive exclusive perks at Patreon : http://bit.ly/Marisa-Patreon Special Thanks to our Awakening Tier Patreon Supporter: Rosanna Grieco (No relation to me.

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Post #9: Reasons For Belief - Emotional Connections (Video)

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Post #9: Reasons For Belief - Emotional Connections (Video)

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Definition
The reason for belief "Emotional Connections" refers to the use of an individuals emotions to draw them in and lead them to believe in something.

Connection
This video is an example of how "Emotional Connections" can be used to make someone believe. Mediums tend to bring up lost loved ones or traumatic events to tie in peoples emotions increasing their willingness to believe what they are saying exactly like this particular one did.

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Maddie Ziegler Learns Her Grandma Is Her Guardian Angel | Hollywood Medium with Tyler Henry | E!

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Definition
The red flag "All Natural" refers to the claims that something is good or healthy because it is made from all natural things from the earth.

Connection
This picture is the perfect example of "All Natural". Agave nectar is popularly used in sweeteners and advertised as "all natural" and "organic" in an attempt to make people believe it is a healthy alternative. However, the truth about agave is... it is actually worse than using regular sugar as it is VERY high in glucose.

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Post #6: Red Flag - Ideological Support (Video)

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Post #6: Red Flag - Ideological Support (Video)

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Definition
The red flag "Ideological Support" refers to the promoting of a belief which is supported strictly by ones opinion and nothing scientific or factual.

Connection
This picture depicts "Anti-vaccination" movements. This is a perfect example on how people may protest and cause a "scene" in an attempt to push their belief that vaccines are not beneficial on others, when there is no scientific proof or evidence that this is true.

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Post #7: Reasons For Belief - Simplicity (Video)

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Post #7: Reasons For Belief - Simplicity (Video)

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Definition
The reason for belief "Simplicity" refers to individuals trying to explain a difficult situation with the simplest possible explanation, leading them to believe in something which is untrue. Their belief of the simplest answer bypasses the more difficult and accurate, scientific answer. Example - "How did that guy make the card disappear? It must have been magic!"

Connection
This youtube video is an example of someone believing in the simplest conclusion they could come to.  This vlogger dreamt the death of her father and woke up to find that her friends father had died at the same time of her dream. Her first reaction was to consider that maybe it was a paranormal experience or possibly psychic abilities because that is the simplest conclusion. However, it is more than likely that it was just coincidental.

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STORYTIME: I dreamt my father died.... then THIS happened! - The Basic Witch

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Post #8: Reasons For Belief - Ideology (Image)

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Post #8: Reasons For Belief - Ideology (Image)

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Definition
The reason for belief "Ideology" refers to beliefs, opinions, values or ideas which people have that lead them to believe in something greater.

Connection
This picture is an example of an "Ideology". There are a number of individuals who have very strong opinions on fluoride. They believe it can cause health issues, birth defects, disease, etc. Therefore, the use of fluoride in municipal water, dental treatments, etc., should be said "NO TO" as shown in this warning sign. When in fact, fluoride has been proven to be very beneficial to teeth. While it can have it's side effects if too much is ingested, it is absolutely safe in the doses provided in municipal water and dental treatments.

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Focusing on object from Post #9: Reasons For Belief - Emotional Connections

Define Problem
This medium is claiming that he can communicate with this girls grandmother who has passed away.

Gather Information
This video is a recording of Hollywood Medium, Tyler Henry doing a reading for reality TV star, Maddie Ziegler. During the reading he connects with Maddie's passed grandmother. From one point of view you can see he brings up a couple points that make sense to Maddie and really connect with her emotions. From another point of view the things he brought up were very vague and she was the one who tied in her grandmother.

Evaluate Evidence
Hollywood Medium, Tyler Henry is a well know medium who does readings in Hollywood exclusively for celebrities which he claims to not know anything about prior to meeting them. After conducting a little research it appears that there a large number of believers and non-believers of Hollywood Medium, Tyler Henry. There are many opinions out there some of which are in his favour recognizing that past messages that Tyler has delivered have been accurate enough to seemingly prove that he can make a connection with the deceased. Others look at his very vague questions and  point out how he tends to dig into heartfelt tales of family loss that have either been discussed elsewhere or stories that the celebs offer up on their own.

(https://www.lifeandstylemag.com/posts/is-hollywood-medium-real-154937/)
(https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/tv-radio-web/haunting-hollywood-medium-kid-tyler-henry-1.3473974)

Recognize Assumptions, Emotions, Biases
As an outsider looking in it is easy to stand back and see how vague Tyler's questions may be, how the information he is providing has been publicized before and how the celebs themselves are actually the ones making the connections. However, looking at it from the celebrities' points of view... they are totally vulnerable, going to a medium in search of their lost loved one. They are told their loved ones are coming forward and get very emotionally involved in the session. It is easy to understand how he isn't questioned or challenged by the individuals receiving his readings.

Synthesize Evidence, Identify Alternatives
Alternative Solution 1: Tyler is 100% able to connect with the deceased and is a true medium.
Alternative Solution 2: Tyler is lying about being able to communicate with the dead and he just looks up the celebrities online prior to meeting with them and finds out all of the information he needs in order to provide an emotional and seemingly accurate reading.

Select Best Alternative
In conclusion, I believe that Tylers' claims to be able to communicate with the deceased are false! After doing further research I feel the evidence leads more towards this solution. After completing this assignment and reviewing the video posted in "Post #9" again I feel these are not accurate predictions Tyler is making. I feel Tyler most likely looked up Maddie prior to meeting her and most likely saw the painting she had done of the canary the week before (on some sort of social media). This was his first key piece of information to bring up... "birds" which then lead Maddie to bring up her grandmother. Once she was emotionally involved through her grandmother he then brought up her painting (which would have been seen in the same social media post) drawing her in even more.