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24. How does tree ring growth or lack of growth support or refute climate changes in the last 100 years?

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24. How does tree ring growth or lack of growth support or refute climate changes in the last 100 years?

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These rings can tell us how old the tree is, and what the weather was like during each year of the tree’s life. Tree rings usually grow wider in warm, wet years and they are thinner in years when it is cold and dry. If the tree has experienced stressful conditions, such as a drought, the tree might hardly grow at all in those years.
https://climatekids.nasa.gov/tree-rings/

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23. Droughts and forest fires are on the rise all around the world. lf there's no water for the plants to drink and survive, how can they effectively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

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23. Droughts and forest fires are on the rise all around the world. lf there's no water for the plants to drink and survive, how can they effectively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

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They can take in carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen into the air. The exposed surfaces of the leaves have a waxy cuticle to mitigate water loss to the atmosphere, like terrestrial plants.
https://sciencing.com/photosynthesis-aquatic-plants-5816031.html

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22. Carbon dioxide has been associated with the warming of Earth. You have learned in Biology class that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is taken out of the air by plants and trees through photosynthesis and replaced with breathable oxygen. a. Does this statement support global warming deniers? Explain. b. Does this statement support climate science research? Explain. c. Does your answer change when you consider deforestation and increased demand for paper and housing?

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22. Carbon dioxide has been associated with the warming of Earth. You have learned in Biology class that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is taken out of the air by plants and trees through photosynthesis and replaced with breathable oxygen. a. Does this statement support global warming deniers? Explain. b. Does this statement support climate science research? Explain. c. Does your answer change when you consider deforestation and increased demand for paper and housing?

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a. no, photosynthesis reduces the affect of global warming. Global warming is a result of gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere absorbing and also trapping radiation which leads to increased temperatures.
b. yes, According to the latest data issued by the UN in 2013–2014, it is confirmed with 95% probability that the global warming is caused by anthropogenic activities and is conditioned by the greenhouse effect
c. no
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1512188716300215

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GRAPHIC-Global impacts from El Nino- rectangle - Credit_IRI Columbia University_0

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21. Think of Goldilocks and the Three Bears again. How would you characterize the weather patterns of the United States in the last decade from 2008 - 2018? Very severe weather patterns, very weak weather patterns, or consistently average weather patterns. Consider hurricanes, tornadoes, thunderstorms, flooding events, and droughts. Support with evidence

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21. Think of Goldilocks and the Three Bears again. How would you characterize the weather patterns of the United States in the last decade from 2008 - 2018? Very severe weather patterns, very weak weather patterns, or consistently average weather patterns. Consider hurricanes, tornadoes, thunderstorms, flooding events, and droughts. Support with evidence

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I would say we have average to severe weather patterns from 2008-2018. it only started getting noticeably bad this year (in my opionion), because we had ice storms, unusually cold winter day, and crazy winds.
source: me

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20. How do El Nino weather patterns influence climate?

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20. How do El Nino weather patterns influence climate?

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El Niño is the periodic warming of water in the Pacific Ocean every few years. When it occurs, it means more energy is available for storms to form there. El Niño also affects wind shear, which is when air currents at a lower altitude blow in a different direction from winds higher in the atmosphere.
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/11/151125-el-nino-hurricanes-drought-climate-science/

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GRAPHIC-Global impacts from El Nino- rectangle - Credit_IRI Columbia University_0

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19. Clouds (water vapor) are considered a greenhouse gas. How can cloud coverage both complicate the heating of Earth and also help alleviate the heating of Earth?

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19. Clouds (water vapor) are considered a greenhouse gas. How can cloud coverage both complicate the heating of Earth and also help alleviate the heating of Earth?

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Cloud coverage complicates the heating of earth  by reflecting incoming sunlight Clouds warm Earth's surface by absorbing heat emitted from the surface and re-radiating it back down toward the surface.
https://isccp.giss.nasa.gov/role.html

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18. How does carbon dioxide trap infrared radiation on Earth?

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18. How does carbon dioxide trap infrared radiation on Earth?

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Carbon Dioxide Absorbs and Re-emits Infrared Radiation. CO₂ molecules can vibrate in ways that simpler nitrogen and oxygen molecules cannot, which allows CO₂ molecules to capture the IR photons
https://scied.ucar.edu/carbon-dioxide-absorbs-and-re-emits-infrared-radiation

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17. Why is there less heat escaping into space?

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17. Why is there less heat escaping into space?

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there is less heat overall. when ice sheets spread in the Northern Hemisphere, this cools the northern oceans. The result is the oceans absorb more CO2, leading to a dramatic drop in atmospheric CO2. This amplifies the cooling and spreads it across the globe.
https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-sea-surface-temperature

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16.What are sea surface temperatures (SST)? Think of Goldilocks and the ThreeBears...are SSTs too hot, too cold, or are they just right? Explain.

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16.What are sea surface temperatures (SST)? Think of Goldilocks and the ThreeBears...are SSTs too hot, too cold, or are they just right? Explain.

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Sea Surface Temperature (sst) is a measure of the energy due to the motion of molecules at the top layer of the ocean. Right now, SSTs are at a good temperature, but they keep rising, so in the future, they will eventually be too warm.
https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/SeaSurfaceTemperature

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15. What is ocean acidification? How has this influenced our oceans over the last 100 years?

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15. What is ocean acidification? How has this influenced our oceans over the last 100 years?

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Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere. it adds a higher acidity to the ocean and causes bad reproductive systems for marine life.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/oceans/critical-issues-ocean-acidification/

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The oceans are growing more acidic, and scientists think the change is happening faster than at any time in geologic history.

That's bad news for most creatures that live in the ocean, many of which are sensitive to subtle changes in acidity of their watery habitat. It's especially problematic for corals, oysters, and other creatures with delicate carbonate shells or skeletons, which are weakened by even very slight changes in the ocean's acid balance-similar to the way acid rain corrodes stone gargoyles and limestone buildings.

The culprit behind the acidification is the extra carbon dioxide humans have caused to collect in the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and other actions.

The oceans have always both absorbed and spit out carbon dioxide, shuttling the carbon back and forth from atmosphere to water. But the exchange occurred slowly, generally over thousands or tens of thousands of years.

Humans have disturbed that slow exchange. Since the start of the Industrial Revolution, in the middle of the 18 th century, humans have added some 400 billion tons of carbon to the atmosphere. That's a byproduct of the vast amounts of fossil fuels we burned for energy, the trees that have been cut down, the cement we've produced, and more.

Most of that carbon, in the gas form of carbon dioxide (CO ₂), stays in the atmosphere, where it traps heat and contributes to planetary warming. But each year, the ocean sucks up about 25 percent of all the extra CO₂ emitted. Over the last few hundred years, about 30 percent of all the extra carbon dioxide humans have added to the atmosphere has percolated down into the oceans.

That's a good thing for the atmosphere. Without that extra carbon dioxide drawdown, the planet would have heated up even more than it already has. But it's bad news for the oceans.

Oceans acidify in the blink of a geologic eye

In the late 1700s, the oceans had equilibrated to be slightly alkaline, with a pH of about 8.1-roughly the same level of acidity as an egg white. (More acidic things fall lower on the pH scale. Perfectly distilled water is about 7 on the pH scale; lemon juice and vinegar measure a mouth-puckering 2 to 3).

The ocean's pH has shifted on geologic time scales. During cold stages in the planet's past, it crept up (became more alkaline) by something like 0.2 pH units, and it crept down (became more acidic) by about the same amount when the planet warmed up. But it took tens of thousands of years for those changes to happen-plenty of time for creatures living in the seas to adjust to the change.

The surface oceans have recorded about 0.1 pH unit drop since the start of the Industrial Revolution-a blink of the eye in geologic or evolutionary time. While 0.1 units might not sound like much change, it's significant: Because the pH scale is logarithmic (like the Richter Scale for earthquakes), that small shift actually means that the water is about 28 percent more acidic than it was before.

The future is not bright

The future holds even more challenges. By 2050, scientists predict that 86 percent of the world's ocean will be warmer and more acidic than anything in modern history. By 2100, the pH of the surface ocean could drop to under 7.8, or more than 150 percent compared to today's already-corrosive state-and potentially even more, in some particularly sensitive parts of the planet, like the Arctic Ocean.

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The oceans are growing more acidic, and scientists think the change is happening faster than at any time in geologic history. That's bad news for most creatures that live in the ocean, many of which are sensitive to subtle changes in acidity of their watery habitat.

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14. If the glaciers melt, where does most of that liquid (freshwater) go? (ls ocean water drinkable?Can ocean water be used to irrigate crops for 7 billion Earthlings?)

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14. If the glaciers melt, where does most of that liquid (freshwater) go? (ls ocean water drinkable?Can ocean water be used to irrigate crops for 7 billion Earthlings?)

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Most of melted glaciers go into the ocean. Ocean water IS drinkable, you won't die, but no, you are not supposed to drink it. Most plants would be killed by salt water irrigation, but there are a few that would thrive.
https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/are-there-any-crops-that-can-be-irrigated-by-salt-water/

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13. How have sea levels fluctuated over the last several thousand years? ls this driven by naturalcircumstances or is this caused by human influence. ln your opinion, why?

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13. How have sea levels fluctuated over the last several thousand years? ls this driven by naturalcircumstances or is this caused by human influence. ln your opinion, why?

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Glaciers, ice forms, etc., have melted over time. In my opinion, this was not caused by human influence because we can not control the weather.
source: my opinion
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjqZSy09fgAhXI7IMKHWYQATAQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPast_sea_level&psig=AOvVaw1FdGVBXK23WKesf5dDxwh2&ust=1551210448974556

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11. Find a graphic of human-influenced carbon dioxide emissions and tile atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. Do the graphs you found look like hockey sticks? 

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11. Find a graphic of human-influenced carbon dioxide emissions and tile atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. Do the graphs you found look like hockey sticks? 

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yes. the hockey stick shape shows that both scenarios have drastically increased since the 1900's.

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10. How does an increasing consumption of and demand for fish in a human's diet relate to carbon emissions?

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10. How does an increasing consumption of and demand for fish in a human's diet relate to carbon emissions?

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An increasing consumption of and demand for fish in a human's diet relate to carbon emissions because if we are eating less fish, there will be less carbon emission. Seafood has a smaller carbon footprint than other animal proteins because fishing doesn't require farmland or care of livestock.
https://oceana.org/blog/eating-seafood-can-reduce-your-carbon-footprint-some-fish-are-better-others

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9. How does an increasing consumption of and demand for meat in a human's diet relate to carbon emissions?

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9. How does an increasing consumption of and demand for meat in a human's diet relate to carbon emissions?

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An increasing consumption of and demand for meat in a human's diet relate to carbon emissions because the more red meat we eat, the more greenhouse gas there will be.
http://climate.org/reducing-food-related-greenhouse-gas-emissions-through-modification-of-human-diet/

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8. Does the gasoline that most cars need to operate and function contribute to the Earth's greenhouse effect?

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8. Does the gasoline that most cars need to operate and function contribute to the Earth's greenhouse effect?

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In cars, the principal greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide (CO₂), but vehicles also produce the greenhouse gases nitrous oxide and methane. ... The vehicle's level of CO₂ emissions is linked to the amount of fuel consumed and the type of fuel used.
https://www.greenvehicleguide.gov.au/pages/Information/VehicleEmissions

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7. Let's say after college you return to Lisle permanently for the rest of your life. We live in close proximity to the Great Lakes. ln 50 years, would we be fleeing our area or accepting environmental refugees into our area? Explain.

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7. Let's say after college you return to Lisle permanently for the rest of your life. We live in close proximity to the Great Lakes. ln 50 years, would we be fleeing our area or accepting environmental refugees into our area? Explain.

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In 50 years, The Great Lakes will over flood rather than dry up, causing the residents to flee the area.
source: Mrs. Schwartz

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6. What's an environmental refugee? What places will people flee from? Where will they go

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6. What's an environmental refugee? What places will people flee from? Where will they go

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An environmental refugee is a person who has been forced to leave their traditional habitat, temporarily or permanently, because of a marked environmental disruption (natural and/or triggered by people). They will flee from flooded places, earthquake disasters. If a whole town is affected, the gov might give people a place to stay. Otherwise, they will go anywhere but the damaged place.
http://www.globalization101.org/environmental-refugees/

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5. Are increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere safe for human existence?

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5. Are increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere safe for human existence?

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the increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is not safe for human existence because eventually the earth will not be able to balance out all of the heat caused by carbon dioxide
https://climate.nasa.gov/climate_resources/24/graphic-the-relentless-rise-of-carbon-dioxide/

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4. Compare global population numbers with rising carbon dioxide levels. Are they related?

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4. Compare global population numbers with rising carbon dioxide levels. Are they related?

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The more people there are on our planet, the more CO2-generating activities there will be, such as electrical power generation, industrial activity, automobiles.
https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/05/17/the-correlation-between-global-population-and-global-co2/

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12. What can ice cores tell us about the history of Earth's climate over time? How far back in timecan ice cores provide information?

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12. What can ice cores tell us about the history of Earth's climate over time? How far back in timecan ice cores provide information?

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Ice cores provide a timeline of climate, with each year represented by a new layer formed on top of the ones from the year before. they can provide information from up to 800,000 years ago. The thickness of a layer—when compared to adjacent layers—gives a sense of how much snow fell at that spot in any one year.
https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/climate-change/changing-atmosphere/what-s-an-ice-core

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3. Where is the fastest warming of earths atmosphere occurring?

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3. Where is the fastest warming of earths atmosphere occurring?

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the fastest warming of earths atmosphere occurring in the upper pacific and Atlantic ocean
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/world-of-change/DecadalTemp

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2. Why are some people skeptical of global warming?

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2. Why are some people skeptical of global warming?

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the people that ae skeptical of global warming are simply just not educated on the causes of it. They think that no matter what humans do to impact it, global warming happens either way. They believe that it's just a natural process that happens, and that we can not control it.
source- Mrs. Schwartz

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1. Why do people believe global warming is occurring on earth?

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1. Why do people believe global warming is occurring on earth?

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the increase of greenhouse gases -mainly from the burning of fossil fuels- is trapping more heat in Earth's systems, whats commonly known as global warming. This extra heat has resulted in higher temperatures on land and in oceans, melting ice and more extreme weather.
https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03102017/infographic-ocean-heat-powerful-climate-change-evidence-global-warming