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South Carolina was the first state of what would become "the South" in the civil war to secede. It stated that the election of Abraham Lincoln was a hostile act, and that they were planning to secede from the United States. Abraham Lincoln wanted to abolish slavery and supported African American rights, so South Carolina expressed their disagreement with this by seceding from the United States. South Carolina was the first state to secede from the U.S. over the issue of slavery, and started what would become "The South".

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The Dredd Scott decision was a decision derived from the case of Dredd Scott vs. John F.A. Sanford, in which "negro" Dredd Scott attempted to sue for his freedom. In a 7–2 decision, the court denied Scott's request. The decision ruled that a slave who had resided in a free state and territory was not entitled to his freedom, that African Americans were not and could never be citizens of the United States, and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

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The Compromise of 1850 was a list of  five laws passed in September of 1850 that helped to deal with the issue of slavery.
In 1849, California stated that it wanted to enter the union as a free state, upsetting the balance in the United States of free and slave states. So, in January of 1850, Henry Clay proposed the Compromise of 1850. It allowed California to enter as a free state, put an end to the slave trade in Washington, D.C. and made it easier for Southern slaveowners to recover runaway slaves.

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Lincoln led the Union to victory in the Civil War and ended slavery in America. He did this by maintaining a moderate stance on the emancipation of slaves, never promising in his campaigns to abolish slavery, as it was crucial to the Southern economy. He opposed the expansion of slavery into new western territories. For this reason, the president posed a significant threat to the economic and political interests of the South. In response to his 1860 election, seven southern states seceded from the Union. In the first months of his presidency, the nation was at war with each other.

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Pro-slavery members poured into Kansas attempting to make it a slave state. There they clashed with anti-slavery Kansans who were fighting against slavery. This issue began when Senator Stephen Douglas expanded the principle of popular sovereignty in the territory. This led to the civil war because it ultimately started the Republican party. This development made compromise between the north and south less likely.

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Made by Stephen Douglas, this idea was to have a railroad linking the East and the far West. He wanted his home state to benefit from this so he made it go through Illinois. This however, would have to go through the unorganized portion of the Louisiana Purchase, which is West of Missouri. This region would need an organized government to allow easy construction and maintenance of the line. Many Southerners though, opposed territorial organization because of the unanswered ideas about the expansion of slavery.

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Passed in 1820 by Henry Clay. The Compromise made slavery illegal in Louisiana and any territory that was part of it in the Louisiana Purchase. It was also forbidden anywhere north of Louisiana, except within the territory of Missouri. It played a role in the dividing and disagreements between the north and the south regarding slavery.

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The Lincoln–Douglas debates was a series of debates between Abraham Lincoln and Senator Stephen Douglas. Abraham Lincoln was from Illinois and in favor of the republican party. Stephen Douglas was also from Illinois but was for the Democratic Party. There was a series of seven debates then Lincoln proudly beat Douglas. Debated of slavery states and antislavery states. Lincoln later became an American hero

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From October 16, 1859 to October 18, 1859 (just two days). Led by John Brown  John and his people made an effort to initiate an armed slave revolt. There plan was to take over a United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. They were easily beaten by the United States marines. John led 22 people and fought a whole army led by First Lieutenant, Israel Greene.

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In 1793, the cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney. Eli Whitney was a smart inventor, and used to take apart clocks and put them back together in His father's shop. Later in his life, he saw the trouble slaves were having cleaning cotton, so in his free time , he created the cotton gin. The cotton gin was used to remove the seeds from the cotton bolls, and was very popular in the south. The cotton gin changed the cotton industry in America because it allowed slaves to clean more cotton in less time.

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On May 30, 1854 the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed by the U.S. Congress this allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide if they want slaves in there states or not. Each state was allowed to have there own vote/choice. Instead of the nation deciding for everyone.

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From April 25, 1846 to February 2, 1848 there was an armed conflict between the United States of America and Mexico. In the end America won and gained territory in Texas. Texas gained its independence from Mexico in 1836. The United States declined to take it into the union. Mostly, because northern political interests were against the addition of a new slave state. In the end, it was fought because Mexico wanted to keep there land but U.S. wanted to obtain new lands. So the two nations fought and the U.S. came out victorious.