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http://www.dnr.louisiana.gov/assets/TAD/education/BGBB/1/measuring.html

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/how-do-we-know-earth-46-billion-years-old-180951483/

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The Big bang theory says that a huge explosion is what created solar systems around us, including ours. This is thought to have happened about 6 billion years ago, BUT that does not necessarily mean Earth is 6 billion years old. SO, how do Scientist know how old the Earth is?

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A chemical element has a set number of protons but differing atomic weights. These are isotopes. An element loses particles which forms a new isotope. Different elements have different rates of decay. This is useful for scientist because they are able to use the amount of radiation as a time clock.

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Scientist are able to look and analyze the layers of rocks and determine an estimate of the age. A few principles of this method are:
1. The principle of superposition - in a vertical sequence a higher rock unit is younger than a lower one.
2. The principle of original horizontality - rock layers were originally deposited close to horizontal.

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Scientists have established a fossil succession by the 1800's. How they did this? Well they would find fossils in different layers of soil and they would match it to a time period based on the age of that layer. They would be using relative dating to determine the age of that layer. After a while they had come to understand the evolution of fossils on theeEarth in a general sense, what was older and what was newer. They placed the fossils into tie periods.

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How do these methods help with the Age of the Earth? 

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How do these methods help with the Age of the Earth? 

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With all of these methods combined, scientist have created a chart to visually see the Earth's Age and the different eras. They have come to conclude that the Earth is about 4.6 billion years old.

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Through radiometric dating, one of the oldest rocks to be found(in Australia) was zircon rock and was about 4.37 billion years old.