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When I logged in it deleted everything and you told me to leave a comment so you don't hold it against me

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In chapter 10, Preston continues his descriptive narrative as he describes one person of the crew, Bruce Heinicke. Specifically, Preston writes about all of Bruce’s experiences and includes a final one where Heinicke recalls with exaggeration, “I would never go back up that river. That’s the most dangerous place on the planet, that river” (87). Such a statement coming from Heinicke himself, the man who has been tough and dealt with many serious issues, shows that this visited river is truly one to be feared. The audience can realize from this memory of Heinicke that the river is not a place to feel safe in. This makes readers think of how devastating the situation of the river must have been as well as it makes them think of how this incident had helped to shape Heinicke’s personality overall. This frightening situation may have been one of Heinicke’s motivators to become such a powerful and dangerous person himself.

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be nice :)
This chapter dives more into characterization, rather than more context to the situation. We are introduced to Bill Benenson who “decided to look for the money in his own pocket” for the whole trip. This shows great amounts of admiration that he would offer to pay for the next expedition. Other information provided about him is that he is 72 years old, yet still handsome with “amazing insanity”. Another member presented was Tom Weinberg who had “an infectious laugh and a sweet, gentle personality”. Even if he was older, he still made everyone feel at home. In addition to these two, Bruce Heinicke who was told to have a “terrific scowl” and was well known for his adventures. All of these characters described to the audience are to help the reader understand the people who went on these adventures. This bring the audience closer to the book and wanting to know more since they feel personal connections with a character.

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In chapter ten of the Lost City of the Monkey God Preston goes back to including imagery in order to try and create a vivid picture for the reader to understand these stories of Heinicke. Preston states, “a morbidly obese man wearing a Panama hat, unbuttoned Hawaiian shirt displaying gold chains, a cigarette in one hand and a beer in the other.” (79) The inclusion of this part of the imagery was to inform the reader how Heinicke looks and to set a foundation on what his character could be. The audience finds this intriguing. Later on in the book Preston includes more imagery about how heinicke got a bad knee. He states, “As the man stepped back, both men pulled guns and started shooting at Heinicke.” (81) With the imagery about the shooting including heinicke during a drug exchange helps the audience set a character to Heinicke. They understand the kind of person he is and wonder if he could be of much help or why would they trust him but some might think this is a good idea. It could be a good idea because having Heinicke, a citizen from Honduras who knows the islands pretty well, could be useful to the crew who will be going into the Honduran jungle to continue for the search of the Lost City using a Lidar map.

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In this chapter, the author  uses descriptive language to show the environment. Preston’s imaginative words help the reader to  understand the book and have a clear idea of what the beauty of nature is their luxurious place to stay really was like. The author states, “Behind the bungalows sprawled a huge freshwater pool, set among fake rocks, waterfalls, bridges, and dew-laden clusters of tropical flowers, with pergolas draped in snowy sheets, chiffon curtains billowing in the tropical breeze.”(77) Preston gives the readers the idea of the environment he is describing to share his experience. The imagery creates a setting for the readers to imagine what it was like to be on the journey and give the reader an insight to the life he was living. The readers can use logic to see the importance of the different hardships and in this case, easy times, to distinguish the layers of the book.

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In chapter 10 the author uses figurative language to describe the setting up of the base of operations, and also the lives of some crew members. First off, Preston uses very descriptive words to describe the characteristics of a crew member named Bill Benenson: “Benenson is a fit, handsome man with a close-clipped beard. He speaks with deliberation, weighing every word, and he does not look like a man who takes risks,” (74). The reason Preston chose to describe Benenson was to show the readers the type of person he will be throughout the course of the story. The audience is able to evaluate the characteristics of Benenson, and with their evaluations they are able to realize the reasons as to why Benenson is a member of the trip. Benenson main purpose is to obviously record most of the action, and to also provide the group with a calm mindset that will not allow them to get off track or take huge risks. A clearer example of imagery is seen when the author is describing the location that he and his crew were staying during the expedition: “As we gathered for a dinner of grilled lobster tails under a palapa on the beach, looking out over the lagoon, the night sky glittering with stars, the waves whispering along the strand” (77). Word such as “whispering” and “glittering” help the readers paint a picture of the true beauty of Honduras. The audience is able to provide themselves with an image onto what they believe the setting looks like, but looks can be deceiving. The author is sure to assure the readers that even though the setting is very beautiful, Honduras is still one of the most dangerous countries in the world.

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At the end of chapter 10, the author holds a focus on the savagery of the natives. This is conveyed through the use of a dramatic anecdote and hyperbole. “There’s two ways to get in there… I would never go back up that river. That’s the most dangerous place on the planet, that river.” Bruce, the one who told this story, held an interesting past. Such a past which would make the quote ten times more effective. He was seemingly unstable in the previous chapters, and for him to say that the Rio Patuca river “is the most dangerous place on the planet”, the readers can picture how dangerous that location might actually be. Bruce holds the creditablity to “really mean it” when ever this type of statement is made. This all acts as Bruce’s short and dramatic anecdote, however, with the hyperbole being in his claim: “ the most dangerous place on the planet.” The inclusion of Bruce’s own words and exaggerations all work together sink in the idea of indian savagery amongst the river of the Rio Patuca.

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In this chapter, the pattern of anecdotes being incorporated into the narrative is seen. For example, the encounter of when Bruce was at the bar (80), added to the chapter by making it more than just a research project. This makes the audience more captivated due to the intense, violent actions, instead of just reading multiple research reports and calculations. He also uses imagery repeatedly to entrance the readers with their surroundings. Through these visual descriptions, Preston is evoking different emotions within the readers. He goes on to describe a beach setting, which can cause a relaxing mood, but then he shifts to imagery regarding Elkins and his appearance (79), which can cause a possible nervousness within the audience because of the setting and his character description. Overall, the author brings in credibility by stating his sources and their credentials/achievements, and he shifts on intended emotions provoked through imagery.

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Chapter 10:
In chapter 10 of The Lost city of the Monkey God Preston to tell more about his journey and finally starts off by saying he was reluctant to tell the New Yorker about this piece because he wasn’t sure if they would find anything. Preston titled this chapter “the most dangerous place on the planet” because he wanted to give the readers a suspenseful hook before they read the chapter. After reading the chapter and learning that he had to fight for his live against two men that tried to rob him I now understand why he would title this chapter in this way.

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After creating a suspenseful build-up to his journey by giving the backstory behind it, Preston begins chapter ten by giving introductions to everyone involved in his mission to map the areas believed to hold the White City. He describes Steve Elkins and Bill Benenson, a seventy-two-year-old “fit, handsome man with a close-clipped beard” who financed the operation (74); Dr. Juan Carlos Fernández Díaz, “one of the most indispensible members of the expedition” who led the lidar part of the expedition (78); Michael Sartori and Abhinav Singhania, Díaz’s team; “a film crew, a still photographer” and Tom Weinberg, a seventy-two-year-old man who has an esteemed history in the film career; Douglass Preston himself, who admits he was “skeptical” about the mission (75); and Bruce Heinicke, a grandiose man who is larger-than-life both physically and metaphorically. Preston spends the rest of the chapter recounting the several tales of Heinicke like the time he went to a drug-deal gone bad, killed two men in under three seconds, got shot in the knee, “snorted some lines” (81), “packed some 🤬 powder into the bullet wound,” called his friend, a “well-known American writer and ex-soldier;” ordered a plane, and escaped with “seventy-five thousand dollars cash, … five kilos of 🤬, and two pistols.” Over the course of the chapter, Preston illustrates with vivid detail several of such adventures with the intent of convincing the reader that Heinicke is a thick-skinned tough-guy who does not scare easily. With this firmly planted in his audience, Preston concludes this chapter with an ominous quote from Heinicke stating that the journey leading into Mosquitia is “the most dangerous” journey in the world and that he actively “avoided that area up the Río Plátano like the plague” (87). Since the reader believes Heinicke to be a resident superman that has a lot of experience in scary situations, the idea that he is afraid of the journey Preston will take creates anticipation and invokes extreme curiosity in the reader.

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In chapter 10 of the lost city of the monkey god by Preston he adds that he is a credible source. In the text it says “ ...he asked if I’d write about the search for the New Yorker, for which I occasionally wrote archaeological pieces”(75). By adding this in the chapter he is giving us an example of some of the things he’s done and since the New Yorker is a big deal he wants us to see that that’s what he is as well.

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In this chapter, Preston focuses on describing the people who are a part of the search for the White City. The author’s main focus, however, is on Bruce Heinicke, a criminal and friend of Elkins, and he describes him through the use of direct and indirect characterization. Preston describes Heinkel as a “morbidly obese man . . . displaying gold chains, a cigarette in one hand and a beer in the other” (79). This characterization already makes Heinicke seem like an untrustworthy person with no useful background that can aid in the search. This leads to some confusion as to why he would be a part of the team. Furthermore, the Skeptical feeling persists when Heincke describes a situation he was in. He says, “I pulled my 45 and shot one in the shoulder, the other in the face, and before the one I shot in the shoulder hit the ground I split his head like a watermelon” (81).The imagery and overall description of this encounter only raises concerns for the audience.It is made known that Heinicke is not someone people want to be around because he is very dangerous. Because of this, the audience is fearful of Heinicke, reinforcing the notion that he should not be trusted. Additionally, the audience continues to contemplate why Heinnicke’s help was enlisted for the search. However, the contemplation ends as there is mention that he was able to find many artifacts in the past and prevented people from stealing and getting away with the valuables (85-87). The details given based on this encounter prove that Heinicke could be quite useful in the search for the White City, despite the fact that he is a dangerous criminal.

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The chapter serves to give us a background on the characters involved in Steve Elkin’s expedition to the White City, through contextualization and imagery, after haven been given permission by the president “Pepe” in order to establish a connection or bond between the reader and these adventurers. It achieves by directly delving into each of the adventurer’s background, using contextualization, to explain their past and how they had been chosen for this specific venture; this is especially true for the one venturer, Dr. Juan Carlos Fernandez Diaz. As excerpted from the text, “His familiarity with Honduran politics and culture, his fluency in Spanish, his knowledge of lidar, and his engaging personality would make him one of the most indispensable members of the expedition.” (78) The author follows this syntax, appraising each of the members for the strengths they bring to the expedition while explaining their achievements and past in the process. The effect that this has is it establishes a basic understanding of each crew member in terms of how they were important to the team but also who they are as a person and how that benefits the team as well, as note by the author mentioning Fernandez’s “Engaging Personality”.

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In chapter 10 of The Lost City of the Monkey God by Douglas Preston, Douglas continues to use many figurative languages. Throughout the chapter Douglas utilizes the rhetorical strategy of characterization. In chapter 9 Preston describes a particular person, Tom Weinberg,  “The expedition team also included a film crew, a still photographer, and Tom Weinberg, the film’s other coproducer and the expedition’s official chronicler. Weinberg was a man with an infectious smile, laugh and a sweet, gentle personality, seventy-two years old, with a fringe of unruly gray hair and a beard. He had been working with Elkins since 1994 on the White City project” (Douglas 78). While Douglas is describing Tom Weinberg it shows us the kind of person he is, what personality he has and how he is going to contribute to the chapter later on in the story. As the author describes that he is a man with an infectious smile and has a sweet personality it helps keep positivity in the story and throughout the other people around. This helps the audience understand that Tom Weinberg seem as a positive person that can do good later on in the book.

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In chapter 10 we start to find out about how they got this adventure to begin. Elkins began to raise money for the adventure. In order to get money out of this, they decided to make a documentary. On page 74 Preston says, “Eventually, Benenson and Elkins divided their filmmaking roles into being co directors of the documentary film, with Benenson being the sole producer, and Tom Weinberg and Steve credited as co producers.”  This shows us how they divided up the roles to work as a team and raise money. The author includes this section to show the reader the way they put in dedication in order to make this happen. It creates a form of credibility because we get a respect for the author and his team for working up from nothing to afford this trip and the key component; the Lidar.

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Within chapter ten, the author describes of the events of leading up to just before the team enters Honduras, also he adds descriptions of the crew members who have joined the expedition. To structure the descriptive narrative, the author includes a variety of rhetorical devices. One type of device is the large use of imagery to describe the lushes island of Roatán. An example of this description is, “At our headquarters, the Parrot Tree Plantation on the island's south shore, the expedition team occupied a cluster of bungalows with red tile roofs, spreading along the shores of a turquoise lagoon, surrounded by white sand beaches burbling fountains, and rustling palm trees” (Preston 77). By implementing descriptive details, the author is able to entice the audience upon creating points where they feel included into the story. Another use of a rhetorical device the author uses is characterization. For example, he includes the following, “Satori, by contrast, made no secret of his skepticism… The absurd poshness of the resort, so unlike the usual penurious academic field expedition, added to his misgivings” (Preston 78). The author does this to establish the credibility of the expedition as to detail the member of the team. To include the descriptions, the author can better tell the story without any confusion the audience might have. The rhetoric used by the author within the chapter has established a well rounded novel, so far.

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In chapter ten, Preston would start with with the beginning of the expedition to find the Lost City of the Monkey God and describe the members of the team along with some background. However, the beginning of the expedition, would actually just be the team adjusting to Honduras and setting up technological equipment, their journey into the wilderness would not start just yet. Toward the middle of the chapter, Preston would begin to include much more background on on Bruce Heinicke and include more dialogue from him and his stories. Within this section, Preston would include imagery while quoting Heinicke and his conversation: “ … I pulled my .45 and shot one in the right shoulder, the other in the face, and before the one I shot in the shoulder hit the ground I split his head like a watermelon” (81). This graphic scene of Heinicke in a gun fight with two drug dealers is both informing and new to the audience. It is informing because the audience is learning more about Heinicke and how his diverse and extreme past is why he is the way he is which would also be why he is a crucial member of the team. Also, this scene is new to the audience because this would be the first highly graphic piece which would surface in the tenth chapter. Preston would focus on Heinicke for half of the chapter to evaluate him and convey to the audience as to why he is important.

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In chapter 10, the author introduces the readers to Benenson who will be a new member taking part in the trip. It is stated that, “He speaks with deliberation, weighing every word, and he does not look like a man who takes risks. He admitted that the project was an “amazing insanity” but he felt driven to take a chance on it” (Preston,74). This shows that it was not easy to surprise Benenson. However, hearing about this trip made him change and want to take that risk waiting to see what it led to. This shows the readers that many were interested in this trip and its findings and that it they will be successful. It is followed by adding that, “Elkins and Benenson, with other partners, created a company called UTL, LLC--”Under the Lidar”--to handle the details of the expedition and film”(Preston, 75). As more people began to hear about what was going on, the bigger the team was. They noticed the impact and importance the findings would have and were having thoughts on creating a film. This would give more credibility to those who were apart because there would be a visual of what was occurring and the process of the trip.

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In Chapter 10 of The Lost City of the Monkey God, Preston titles the chapter “I would never go back up that river. That’s the most dangerous place on the planet, that river.” Not only does this title give an ominous tone, but it also foreshadows that something bad may happen.  For giving ths chapter this title, the audience may think that something bad or terrible might happen while on the expedition to find the lost city in Mosquitia. Being on this expedition means that you have to be willing to take many risks. Preston states “He grabbed his M16 and turned just in time to see an animal charging at them; he had the weapon on full-auto and sprayed it with ‘at least twenty rounds’; it dropped five feet from him: a huge, seven-foot jaguar” (84). This serves as a constant reminder of all the dangers involved with going to discover this lost city. The audience is able to feel how scary it must have been to be in that situation by the way the author structures his sentences and gives off some sort of imagery.

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In this chapter, the author includes new characters that are helped him and Steve Elkins.These people have varied in jobs and were a great help in the research to find the lost city of the Monkey God. Preston uses emotion and imagery when describing Bruce Heinicke personality: “He collected all the guns, money, and 🤬. He was in terrible pain, so he snorted some lines and packed 🤬 powder into the bullet would, which made him feel better” (81). Despite of having a would, Heinicke continued with the drug smuggling deal. His personality makes the book more interesting because it makes the readers feel some type of emotion. Therefore, the audience are able to form their opinion Also, Heinicke past actions gives the readers more background information on how dangerous Honduras is. In addition, Preston includes a company’s name as evidence: “Elkins and Benenson, with other partners, created a company called UTL, LLC- ‘Under the Lidar’-to handle the details of the expedition and film” (75). This build trust between the author and the audience because the readers can confirm that the lidar was a huge help and that this research is not a fraud unlike others in the past.

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Throughout the tenth chapter of Douglas Preston’s The Lost City of the Monkey God, Preston continually characterized the main characters involved in the expedition. He uses characterization in the following situation describing Bruce Heinecke: “The most unforgettable member of the group was bruce Heinicke, Elkins’s longtime fixer par excellence. I I had been curious to meet him for years, after hearing Steve’s vivid descriptions of him and his adventures. I found him under the palapa bar before dinner, a morbidly obese man wearing a Panama hat, unbuttoned Hawaiian shirt displaying gold chains, a cigarette in one hand and a beer in the other. He had a terrific scowl on his face” (Preston 79). By describing Heinecke in such a way, the reader automatically has an idea of what kind of person Heinecke is and what type of decisions he will make later in the book. This characterization of characters in this book is essential because these are the individuals that will be participating in the excursion. The reader knows more of what to expect, and the characterization persuades the reader to continue reading the book, to determine if the character acts in the predicted manner.

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Chapter 10 of The Lost City of the Monkey God’s purpose is mainly explaining, as well as both directly and indirectly characterizing one of the more interesting of characters, Bruce Heinicke. Before this however are other notable talks, mainly those of direct characterization, as well as irony. At first, we’re met with Bill Benenson, a friend of Elkins who was asked to raise money for a film project regarding the team’s expedition to find the lost city. Preston describes the seventy-two year old man as “a fit, handsome man with a close-clipped beard. He speaks with deliberation, weighing every word, and he does not look like a man who takes risks” (74). Despite this, Benenson does indeed help out in raising money for the film project, even using his own money to fund it. Throughout pages 74-75, the reader can tell that Benenson is, although cautious, intuitive and opportunistic whenever the man spots what may be a very worthwhile project, such is the case as Preston says that “Benenson had a keen eye for offbeat projects, and he believed that even if nothing was found, the failure of yet another crazy search for the legendary city would actually make an engaging film” (75). His skill in being able to make such a thing worthwhile is backed up in a previous paragraph, mentioning the 20+ feature films and documentaries which he’d made in previous years, bolstering his ethos towards the reader and giving evidence to his experience in making such films. Irony comes further up as Elkins and his team rest and await lidar scan results in a rather posh environment. “...bungalows...spreading along the shores of a turquoise lagoon, surrounded by white sand beaches...suites sported marble bathrooms, kitchens with granite countertops...the adjacent marina, [with] million-dollar yachts…” (77). Despite this, Preston gives a bit of an ironic telling of the crew’s attitude to the reader, talking of only a rising anxiety in regards to the expedition. This, alongside possible interruptions from nearby narco traffickers, and the secrecy of the expedition, shows the reader that the nervousness of the team had been at an all time high as they waited around in a dining room having grilled lobster for dinner. Further direct characterization as well as some indirect characterization is made when the three lidar engineers sent to work on the team are introduced. Two of them are described to the reader within the following chapter. They were the team’s mission planner and chief lidar engineer, the data-mapping scientist, and the lidar technician. Respectively, their names were Dr. Juan Carlos Fernández Díaz, Michael Sartori, and Abhinav Singhania. (77). Dr. Fernández was described as a Honduran with a “...calm, matter-of-fact presence...a brilliant scientific mind and a sly sense of humor...diplomatic, soft-spoken, and [cool under pressure]” (78). The man had also been delighted in trying to map out the lost city. In contrast, Sartori was described as a a man of fervent skepticism in regards to the whole expedition. “....you’re going to target these areas, but you don’t know what’s there? It just seems like such a crazy shot in the dark.” The absurdness of the resort, so unlike the usual penurious academic field expedition, added to his misgivings.” (78). This indirectly characterizes Sartori as a highly professional, evidence-based worker to the reader. While knowledgeable and intelligent in his field, in page 78, the man is seen disliking the area they wait around in, seeing it as lazy and a waste of money, while also not agreeing with the use of lidar on such a wide area. Logically, there just didn’t seem to be enough evidence in saying that the lost city would be in the T1. Or the other targets in his eyes, for that matter. There is also of course, the official chronicler of the expedition, Tom Weinberg, who is characterized as “...a man with an infectious laugh and a sweet, gentle personality, seventy-two years old, with a fringe of unruly gray hair and a beard” (78). These characterizations help establish their identities and give the reader quick little characteristics to remember each of them by. The rest of the passage is of course, on Bruce Heinicke, who goes on to talk of many stories of very interesting colors. The man, to put it one way, gives it to Preston straight, talking of his time helping out a drug cartel, stealing artifacts from ancient ruins, to even killing people off in quick succession should the need have arised (79-87). His vulgar and explicit language, along with many his stories and his appearance(“a morbidly obese man wearing a Panama hat, unbuttoned Hawaiian shirt displaying gold chains, a cigarette in one hand and a beer in the other” (79).) indirectly characterize the man as brutish, yet cunning and quick-thinking under fire. The reader can see Heinicke as also ruggedly charismatic in the way he handles things, and an avid storyteller who keeps things honest as they can be, despite his rather unsavory acts in his adventures.

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The author while talking about the struggles brings up the finances. The reader is led to believe that the finances are one of the largest struggles presented by the author. They switched from talking about social and physical struggles to economical struggles. The focus on economic struggles shows that even though you may have support or approval to do a certain exploration you must also have money or else it will fail to follow through. The author realizes that he may have to have co directors so that they can conduct the exploration without financial worries.The reader is led to believe that they can do it but is still in suspense as the author still hasn’t gotten out to do anything.