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1863 - 1869
This was a railroad that went from the the middle of the country to the Pacific. In May of 1869 the last spike was hammered into the railroad in Utah, connecting the two end of construction. Many of the workers that built this were Chinese immigrants.

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Beginning of Gilded Age - laissez faire/conservative

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Beginning of Gilded Age - laissez faire/conservative

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1870s - 1900
The Gilded Age was the era after the Civil War where the previous agricultural society shifted to an industial one. There was a very large difference between the wealthy and the working class, as the working class lived in poverty. With this, the wealthy class, despite not being politicians, they were the ones that held the most political power. This political power played into the wealthy survival of the common idea of social darwinism.

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Beginning of Industrialization - laissez faire/conservative

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Beginning of Industrialization - laissez faire/conservative

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1800 - 1917
Industrialization occured in America and brought wealthy to many people. To those outside America, saw the it as everyone being living the same wealthy life, leading many immigrants to come to America. Immigrants and American workers had to work in the many new factories of this age and lived in poverty. Industrialization brought a national economic growth, but all the profits were giving to the already wealthy. With that being said, the wealth gap created very distinct social classes.

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Chinese Exclusion Act - laissez faire/conservative

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Chinese Exclusion Act - laissez faire/conservative

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1882
Chinese immigration was suspended for 10 years. Previously, Chinese immigrants were attracted to the US because of the gold rush and economic difficulties in China. They came for better conditions, but it was soon determined that the Chinese were taking jobs away from whites because they were willing to work for lower wages.

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Pennsylvanie Mine Safety Act - liberal/progressive

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Pennsylvanie Mine Safety Act - liberal/progressive

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1870
The beginning of the fight towards giving workers proper rights. If began with an incident in a mine where 110 workers were killed while trapped in a mine. As a result, mine safety became a law. Many acts towards workers rights came after this.

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Gospel of Wealth - laissez faire/conservative

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Gospel of Wealth - laissez faire/conservative

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1889
Written by Carnegie, he believed that for people need competition and act to survive. He believed social darwinism was a natural part of life, where those who were strong enough to survive, would be the only ones to do so. He did write that the wealth should fund some of the adequate lower class, but not everyone.

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1892
Populists believed that democracy needed to be restored, especially because of the huge gap between the rich and the poor. They hated the idea of monopolies and laissez faire because they wanted to keep currency circulating. But with monopolies, money was only getting to the hands of the already wealthy.

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Homestead Strike - laissez faire/conservative

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Homestead Strike - laissez faire/conservative

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1892
Business owners were taking advantage of their wealth and power, giving workers little rights and treating them unlike humans. Workers were working much longer than the maximum time of eight hours and still recieved very low wages. Due to this, workers in Andrew Carnegie's factory went on strike. They stopped work and refused to accept the conditions and treatment they were getting. However, at this time, the reformers had not sided with the workers yet, and Carnegie was able to get federal power and troops to shut down the strike. Though the federal troops were able to shut down the strike, it was basically a massacre.

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1900 - 1916
During this era, reformers brought attention to the corruption in America and wanted to create change. These areas were mostly in labor, women's rights, environment, political, corporate regulation, and social aspects. Reformers were mostly part of the middle class or worked in the government and used that to their advantage. They realized that the wealthy had too much power that they should not have and wanted to take it away. By the end of the progressive era, normal people in the lower class had clearly gained inprovement in lifestyle, but there was more change needed and to come.

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1909
The Nation Association of the Advancement of Colored People was an organization that challenged discrimination and racial violence. This was a large work towards ending racism and giving rights to colored people.

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1914-1918
War broke out for the US was we declared war on Germany and Austria-Hungary. Due to this, a ton of jobs were made in factories since so many supplies were needed. Though, when the war ended, the demand for factory goods declined greatly and many were left jobless. Many of the jobless included war veterans.

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1920s and Prohibition - liberal/progressive

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1920s and Prohibition - liberal/progressive

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1920
In 1920, the 18th amendment was passed, which prohibited the sale, use, and manufacturing of alcohol. The government claimed this to be good for the economy, but people didn't like the idea of it. Due to this, mobs began to form that smuggled or made alcohol to illegally sell to people. This increased the crime rate by a lot, but also created speakeasies. Speakeasies were underground parties people went to that included alcohol. During the day, a building would act as a normal restaurant, and at night, everyone would move downstairs to party, making the main floor seem closed. During the 1920s, a lot more wealth spurred in the lower classes and women gained more rights. Women went to these speakeasies as flappers with dresses, bobbed hair, and lavish makeup. People began to carelessly spend their money and no one was saving money.

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1920
This amendment guaranteed women the right to vote. This was considered the beginning of women gaining rights.

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1920s
This was a huge group of white people that formed because of the advancement occuring in America at the time. Many of the reforms benefited whites, but some also benefited immigrants and colored Americans. As a result, these whites came together, saying that the advancements would ruin white supremacy.

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The Great Depression - liberal/progressive

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The Great Depression - liberal/progressive

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1929
Investing in stocks was something many men did in the 1920s to earn money. The economy had been slowly spiralling down a hole, but on Black Tuesday, everything came to an end. In the banks, people were only selling stocks and not buying. The banks had been loaning money to people and on that particular Tuesday, everyone was trying to withdraw the money they had. However, the banks did not have that much money and had to close down. Due to people carelessly spending in the years prior, people were left extremely poor because the banks essentially lost all of everyone's money.

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1933
Prohibition was started to get people to spend money on things other than alcohol, but it clearly didn't work. Mobs were formed that smuggled and sold alcohol, increasing crime rate as many mobsters fought other mobsters. Because of this, the 21st amendment repealed prohibition.

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1933 - 1935/6
Mainly to ease the depression and pull the country out of it. Many actions took place during the New Deal that attempted to bring life back to normal and make money less of a problem.

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1933
Commercial banks were prohibited from selling stocks or financing corporations to separate them from investment banks. This was done to so that investors' money could no longer be used for speculative ventires on the stock market. This act also created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation that gauranteed savings deposits up to $250.

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1933
The farmers' goods prices were at its peak during 1910 to 1914, which was called the golden age. This act recognised the farmers impacted by the depression and aimed to bring farm good prices back to what it was during their golden age

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1933
This is said to be the central part of the first New Deal, with its aim being to reduce competition by the implementation of codes to set wages and prices so that businesses could be more stabilised. The other part of the goal was to provide more jobs and pay the workers an acceptable rate

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Roosevelt's Hundred Days - liberal/progressive

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Roosevelt's Hundred Days - liberal/progressive

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1933
The hundred days a period of time where democrats and progressive republicans came together and passed 15 bills of legislative activity. Together, they halted banking panic, created the Tennessee Valley Authority, demonstrated roosevvelt's energy and commitment to the nation's recovery, set aside billions of dollars to federal relief to the unemployed, initiated the biggest public works programme, invented new institutions to restruct the economy, and gave hope to people is despair.

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Second New Deal - conservative/progressive

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Second New Deal - conservative/progressive

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1935 - 1936
The New Deal swayed America to be very left, so he needed to start the second New Deal to be reelcected in 1936.

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1935
This act presided over labor/ management relations and enabled unions to have collective bargaining rights with federal support. This again, enforced workers rights of having reasonable and well set wages for the jobs they were working.

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1939 - 1945
War broke out once again, and by 1944, America become one of the leading suppliers of producing arms and military supplies. The War brought jobs to Americans once again and solved the problem of unemployment. One of the most major events was the atomic bombs on Japan, which ended in the Japanese surrender.