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Beads on rods to create a calculator/counter

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Based on Napier's rules for logarithms

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The Jacquard Loom was the first stored program. It used metal cards.

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The Charles Babbage was a difference engine, a calculating machine. It also stored numbers on metal punch cards, accurate to 6 decimal places, and powered by speed.

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1st generation computers used Vacuum Tubes to protect circuitry

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The first computer bug was a moth stuck in the relay switch. Grace Hopper called it debugging a computer.

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The first transistor used silicon and won Nobel prize with an on and off switch.

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How Transistors Work - A Quick and Basic Explanation

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The first fully electronic digital computer built in the U.S., Created at the University of Pennsylvania, weighed 30 tons, contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, and costed $487, 000

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2nd Generation computers replaced vacuum tubes with transistors

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3rd Generation computers used Integrated Circuits that were made of transistors, resistors and capacitors integrated into one chip.

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4th Generation computers had  microchips. Intel 4004 Microchip had 2,250 transistors

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It had 256 bytes of memory, 2 MHz Intel 8080 chip, and cost $395—$495

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It was the first wide-selling personal computer, had 8088 microchip 29, 000 transistors, 256 K RAM, and one or two floppy disk drives.

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released Apple II computer that was used in most schools.  Was the first commercial computer with Graphic User Interface GUI and Mouse

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By then, computers were in most homes, were faster and less expensive, and Windows 95 was the 1st decent GUI.

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There was a great increase in speed, storage, and memory, Networking and Internet Capabilities, and better CD Drives. Cell phones and wireless technology also appeared.