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The States can make laws of their own, and the responsibility for any aim not given to the federal congress falls on the state governments. Federal law overrules state laws, and states must recognize any status, such as marriage, given to someone by another state.

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Congress cannot suspend the right to challenge imprisonment in court, cannot sign a law making someone illegal, cannot make past actions criminal, and cannot hand out titles of nobility.

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Two Houses, Senate and House Of Representatives. The House of Representatives has 435 Members led by the Speaker of the house. The amount of representatives per state being dependent on it's population The Senate has 100 members, 2 per state, and is led by the Vice President or President Pro Tem.

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Congress is primarily responsible for making laws, but also is in charge of the national budget, declaring war, Impeachment and the following trial, coining money, establishing the postal purpose, promoting the progress of science and the arts, raise and support armies and maintain the navy.

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In order to be elected to the House of Representatives, one must be at least 25 years old and be a citizen of the US for 7 years. To be elected to the senate, one must be at least 30 years old and be a citizen in the US for 9 years. In both cases, the potential congressman must be a resident of the state they are representing.

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Congress is in charge of the economy and various laws, and has the powers required to enact and enforce what is required for Congress to reach these goals. The Elastic clause indicates that additional powers can be given to congress to accomplish the general aim of what they are supposed to do, such as to establish an air force.

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House members are elected by their congressional district every two years, and a senate seat is voted on every six years by the state such that one third of the seats in the senate go up for election every two years.

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For congress to remove someone from office, the House of Representatives needs to first charge, or Impeach, the person in question, then the Senate holds a trial in any form they want to decide if the official is guilty of what they have been accused of.

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Any bill must be proposed by someone from the government, though the Idea can come from anywhere. It will be assigned first to a subcommittee for revisions or action, then a larger committee to do the same. The Revised bill will then be opened to the House or Senate for debate, then voted on. If it passes, it will need to go through the same process in the other house of congress. If both houses pass the bill, the President needs to sign it into law or ignore it for some time for the bill to become a law. At any point in this process, the Bill could be killed and the writer would have to start from square one.

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The First amendment prevents Congress from passing laws that would establish a state religion, prevent the freedom of religion, the freedom of speech, of the press, the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
The 10th amendment reserves powers not given to the Federal Government and prohibited to state governments to state governments or the people.
The 14th Amendment makes it so the entire population of a state is counted for representation in the House
The 16th Amendment gives power to congress to set or change income tax at anytime without input from state governments or a census
The 17th Amendment fleshes out the senate to how it operates in the modern day.
The 20th Amendment forces congress to meet at least once a year on the third day of January unless they appoint a different day by law