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The Future Holds Many Challenges and Opportunities

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The Future Holds Many Challenges and Opportunities

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As members of a profession that is committed to social justice, social workers must become involved in efforts to preserve and expand equality for members of all oppressed groups.  Instead of accepting society as it is, social workers need a vision of what society should be.  Fighting oppression and injustice is central to the social work role.
(An Introduction to the Profession of Social Work, Becoming a Change Agent, Segal, Elizabeth A, Karen E Gerdes, Sue Steiner. 2019, 2016 Cengage Learning LLC)

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In 2010 The US had a historical event, an African American was elected president, Barack Obama. Now during the election, history was also being made. The US had a female and an African American running for the democratic seat for president. They were both seen as serious candidates.

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The US was built on immigrants.  But today,we have laws in place that enforce the legality of immigrants coming into the country.  Those who come here illegally or have stayed here longer than legally allowed, are being removed.  The people and some government officials just want it all to be done legally.  Many others find it all to be an act of discrimination and an act of injustice.
Now Refugees are different from immigrants. They move due to danger in their homelands, looking for safety and better living conditions.

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The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, JR., Hate Crimes Prevention Act (HCPA; PL 111-84)
Affirmative Action, which aims to increase the number of women and people of color in jobs and schools.

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The 14th Amendment, The 15th Amendment, The 19th Amendment, The Civil Rights Act of 1964, The Civil Rights Act of 1968, Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Employment Non discrimination Act (ENDA), Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)

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Hate Crimes, Prejudice, Discrimination, Oppression, Racism, Sexism, Homophobia, Heterosexism, Classicism, ableism, ageism, religious persecution, antisemitism, cis normativity/cisgender privilege and privilege.

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The level of fairness that exist in human relationships.
Injustice- Corrosively established and maintained inequalities, discrimination, and dehumanizing, development-inhibiting condition of living (slavery, poverty, inadequate healthcare and education) Imposed by dominant social groups, classes and peoples upon dominated and exploited groups, classes and people. (Gil, 1998, p.10)

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Chapter 4, Human Rights and Social/Economical 

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Chapter 4, Human Rights and Social/Economical 

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Supplemental Security Income (SSI)- provides cash assistance for those poor and 65 and older, blind or disabled.
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)- provides cash assistance to need/qualifying families.  This has a cap of 24 consecutive months and a lifetime of 5 years also all adults on this program must spend 20 hours a week at a job or a job related activity.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)- also referred to as the food stamp program. This program provides food support to those who are in need and qualify financially.

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People tend to learn to be poor from growing up poor and in impoverished areas.

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The fact that poverty is more likely to happen to women than men.
(Pearce, 1978)

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This term describes the tendency for children to be disproportionately represented in the ranks of the poor. (Segal, 1991; Wilson, 1985) Over 4 decades, 60s, 70s, 80s, and 90s the rate of children living in poverty has been consistently higher.

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According to the bureau of census and the poverty threshold, 42 million people, 14% of the population, were in poverty in 2015. The biggest part of the poor, children. (Proctor, Semega, and Kollar, 2016)

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"In 1963 the threshold for a family of 4 was $3,100, now with inflation and adjustments over the last 50 years, a family of 4 for 2017, the threshold was $24, 600.  (Institute for Research on Poverty, 1998)

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These guidelines are set to determine an individual's or family's eligibility for services. These are based on the Census Bureau thresholds, but do not reflect the cost of living differences from state to state. (US Department of Health and Human Services 2017)

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The governments, federal and state, use an absolute measure to define poverty. This is how they deems someone eligible for programs out there to help. This is call The Poverty Threshold" or poverty line.

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This uses comparisons to define poverty.
Ex: a home value of $160,000 is the median value, anyone with a home less than that is considered relatively poor.

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This uses a set dollar amount; anyone who earns less than that amount is classified poor. This is regardless of needs or circumstances.

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Defining poverty is complicated. There is no dollar amount set to help with this. There are two ways to view poverty: an Absolute approach and a Relative approach.

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Chapter 3 Poverty and Economic Disparity

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Chapter 3 Poverty and Economic Disparity