# data[].attributes.body
I'd never really thought of the different literacy's involved in technology before.  The argument isn't just whether students have access or not, but also how they are being taught to use the technology  in what spaces "tool literacy... information literacy... design literacy... critical literacy... [and] data literacy" (28-29).
-Liz Coleman

# data[].attributes.body
My personal philosophy for the purpose of education is to teach students how to ask good questions and know how how to look for answers, but my reading argues that simply finding answers is a low order skill. Higher order skills are "evaluation, critique, design, and creation" (27).

The author would argue that students should not only look for answers, but challenge and critique what they find, as well as, design and create knowledge of their own. This applies to technology, and sense making in general.
-Liz Coleman

# data[].attributes.headline
Young people are using social media as part of participatory politics.•	Participatory politics is defined as “interactive, peer-based acts through which individuals and groups seek to exert both voice and influence on issues of public concern” (p. vi)•	Participatory politics are increasingly important in politics:“41 percent of young people engage in at least one act of participatory politics, while 44 percent participate in other acts of politics.” (p. viii)

# data[].attributes.subject
Young people are using social media as part of participatory politics.•	Participatory politics is defined as “interactive, peer-based acts through which individuals and groups seek to exert both voice and influence on issues of public concern” (p. vi)•	Participatory politics are increasingly important in politics:“41 percent of young people engage in at least one act of participatory politics, while 44 percent participate in other acts of politics.” (p. viii)

# data[].attributes.headline
Young people are very digitally connected (96% say they have access to a computer and the internet), which is shifting their ideas about how to engage on social media and with politics•	This digital connectedness may be changing their expectations around how to engage in other spheres, including politics: “Jenkins and others suggest that the participatory skills, norms, and networks that develop when social media is used to socialize with friends or to engage with those who share one’s interests can and are being transferred to the political realm.” (p. 9)•	It’s also blurring the lines between politics and the personal realm: “Moreover, because the network is often rooted in a context outside the political realm, most often conversing about and sharing information focused on popular culture or personal interactions, the boundaries of what counts as political information, discourse, and acts of politics are blurred—if not completely ignored.” (p. 9)

# data[].attributes.subject
Young people are very digitally connected (96% say they have access to a computer and the internet), which is shifting their ideas about how to engage on social media and with politics•	This digital connectedness may be changing their expectations around how to engage in other spheres, including politics: “Jenkins and others suggest that the participatory skills, norms, and networks that develop when social media is used to socialize with friends or to engage with those who share one’s interests can and are being transferred to the political realm.” (p. 9)•	It’s also blurring the lines between politics and the personal realm: “Moreover, because the network is often rooted in a context outside the political realm, most often conversing about and sharing information focused on popular culture or personal interactions, the boundaries of what counts as political information, discourse, and acts of politics are blurred—if not completely ignored.” (p. 9)

# data[].attributes.headline
Participatory politics represent an important portion of youth political activity today. •	28% expressed support through a social network site such as Facebook, IM, or Twitter (e.g., “liking” or becoming a fan). (p. 13) “These are spaces where peer-to-peer exchange of information and ideas are prized and there is far less reliance on bureaucratic structures. Quite often what we find is the use of both online and offline participatory practices by groups and individuals.” (p. 14)•	The data indicate that participatory politics are better viewed as an addition to an individual’s engagement rather than an alternative to other political activities. “Youth who engage in participatory politics are far more likely than others to engage in institutional politics, as well. For example, youth who engaged in at least one act of participatory politics were almost twice as likely to report voting in 2010 as those who did not.” (p. 13)

# data[].attributes.subject
Participatory politics represent an important portion of youth political activity today. •	28% expressed support through a social network site such as Facebook, IM, or Twitter (e.g., “liking” or becoming a fan). (p. 13) “These are spaces where peer-to-peer exchange of information and ideas are prized and there is far less reliance on bureaucratic structures. Quite often what we find is the use of both online and offline participatory practices by groups and individuals.” (p. 14)•	The data indicate that participatory politics are better viewed as an addition to an individual’s engagement rather than an alternative to other political activities. “Youth who engage in participatory politics are far more likely than others to engage in institutional politics, as well. For example, youth who engaged in at least one act of participatory politics were almost twice as likely to report voting in 2010 as those who did not.” (p. 13)

# data[].attributes.headline
The jury’s still out, but digital media may be creating a more equitable distribution of political participation among youth from different racial and ethnic groups.•	Under the category “Sharing Links or Forwarding Information or Media through Social Network Services,” white youth were at about 30%, while black youth were at around 40% and Asian youth were around 38%. “In contrast to worries about young people of color not having access to digital technology, we might be witnessing a new form of the digital divide where black and Asian American youth in particular participate more regularly than whites or Latinos in interest- and friendship-driven activities.” (p. 23)•	Under the category “Signed up to Receive Information from Candidates via Email or Text” white youth were at about 7%, black youth at about 11%, Asian youth were at about 9%. “The data suggest that while engagement in institutional politics are generally spread evenly across racial and ethnic groups, black youth are more likely to participate in electoral-related activities such as voting, wearing a campaign button or sticker, or using a social networking site to express support for a candidate, campaign, or political issue.” (p. 25)

# data[].attributes.subject
The jury’s still out, but digital media may be creating a more equitable distribution of political participation among youth from different racial and ethnic groups.•	Under the category “Sharing Links or Forwarding Information or Media through Social Network Services,” white youth were at about 30%, while black youth were at around 40% and Asian youth were around 38%. “In contrast to worries about young people of color not having access to digital technology, we might be witnessing a new form of the digital divide where black and Asian American youth in particular participate more regularly than whites or Latinos in interest- and friendship-driven activities.” (p. 23)•	Under the category “Signed up to Receive Information from Candidates via Email or Text” white youth were at about 7%, black youth at about 11%, Asian youth were at about 9%. “The data suggest that while engagement in institutional politics are generally spread evenly across racial and ethnic groups, black youth are more likely to participate in electoral-related activities such as voting, wearing a campaign button or sticker, or using a social networking site to express support for a candidate, campaign, or political issue.” (p. 25)

# data[].attributes.headline
I didn't necessarily disagree, but I’m curious to see what more recent data say about the issue of racial equity as mentioned earlier. Seven years is a long time in the world of technology. (MySpace gets mentioned, which is kind of funny in 2019!) However, I recognize pulling data like this together can take some time. At any rate, it’s clear that kids are using tech more than ever and this is a trend that isn’t going away anytime soon.

# data[].attributes.subject
I didn't necessarily disagree, but I’m curious to see what more recent data say about the issue of racial equity as mentioned earlier. Seven years is a long time in the world of technology. (MySpace gets mentioned, which is kind of funny in 2019!) However, I recognize pulling data like this together can take some time. At any rate, it’s clear that kids are using tech more than ever and this is a trend that isn’t going away anytime soon.

# data[].attributes.body
Many different ways of engaging with technology, including social hacking (using something in a way it wasn't intended to be used), have provided Black and Latino students with the ability to "face persistent barriers to cultivating more substantive and sustained participation in digital media cultures" (19). The article talks about the different forms of capital that come from being literate in technology, and how Black and Latino students, including the ones from lower SEC backgrounds creatively navigate their use of technology more than other ethnicity. Phone use for different media websites is just one example.
-Liz Coleman

# data[].attributes.headline
More than one kind of inequity when talking about technology? 

# data[].attributes.subject
More than one kind of inequity when talking about technology? 

# data[].attributes.body
Not all forms of access to technology are equal, a digital divide exists consisting of three parts of "digital inequity: the access gap, the participation gap, and the digital literacy or skills gap" (22).

# data[].attributes.body
A lot of parents make a point to provide their children with access to technology from low SES. "They [parents] understand better than most how low educational attainment or lack of knowledge about computers and the digital economy limits your prospects for higher-wage, higher-status employment and social mobility" (30). Literacy of Technology is linked by many students, parents, and stakeholders in education to future success.

# data[].attributes.headline
“youth use a variety of social media to develop and maintain broad communities of peers” (79)

# data[].attributes.subject
“youth use a variety of social media to develop and maintain broad communities of peers” (79)

# data[].attributes.body
Adolescents gravitate to mediums that facilitate social connections; social media provides a platform to connect to multitudes of peers

# data[].attributes.headline
“dominant practices for most youth were friendship-driven and exhibited the genre of participation” (80)

# data[].attributes.subject
“dominant practices for most youth were friendship-driven and exhibited the genre of participation” (80)

# data[].attributes.body
Adolescents trend towards socializing and relationship-building through engaging with one another as facilitated by technology/SNS

# data[].attributes.headline
“The “personal communities” that youth develop help them negotiate identity and intimacy” (83)

# data[].attributes.subject
“The “personal communities” that youth develop help them negotiate identity and intimacy” (83)

# data[].attributes.body
Communities contribute to parts of an adolescent’s identity and the social transition from uniformity and familiarity to heterogeneity and strangeness results in a desire for a return to some semblance of regularity, i.e. personal communities

# data[].attributes.headline
“peer-based learning environment where youth are constructing and picking up social norms, tastes, knowledge, and culture from those around them” (84)

# data[].attributes.subject
“peer-based learning environment where youth are constructing and picking up social norms, tastes, knowledge, and culture from those around them” (84)

# data[].attributes.body
These communal spaces are powerful motivators/influencers for adolescents to use as learning spaces

# data[].attributes.headline
“practices, online and offline are not separate worlds—they are simply different settings in which to gather with friends and peers” (84)

# data[].attributes.subject
“practices, online and offline are not separate worlds—they are simply different settings in which to gather with friends and peers” (84)

# data[].attributes.body
I previously thought online and offline spaces were different but now realize that the manner in which adolescents engage with one another only shifts forms but not in content

# data[].attributes.headline
"Milner suggests that teens’ obsession with status exists because ‘they have so little real economic or political power’” (83)

# data[].attributes.subject
"Milner suggests that teens’ obsession with status exists because ‘they have so little real economic or political power’” (83)

# data[].attributes.body
I think this is a problematic statement to generalize onto teenagers, especially given the fact that there are adults as well who experience similar insecurities
Another push back is that this assumes that teenagers are consciously aware of their lack of power (which often they are), but also are intentionally making moves towards gaining more power

# data[].attributes.headline
Vance R. Baker.  - Describe the main ideas from the reading 

# data[].attributes.subject
Vance R. Baker.  - Describe the main ideas from the reading 

# data[].attributes.body
* Students today are accustomed to having technology

“Young people in the United States today are growing up in a media ecology where digital and networked media are playing an increasingly central role.”

*Most students have access to technology, even of the homes are not able to have some provisions that other home have.

“…surveys strikingly demonstrate the pervasive, and seemingly increasing, prevalence of media in the daily lives of American youth.”

*Different genres have been identified to connecting to technology

“Throughout this project, our challenge has been to develop frameworks that help us understand youth participation in different social groups and cultural affiliations, a framing that is in line with approaches that see knowledge and expertise as embedded in social groups with particular media identities.”

*Young Adults use technology to stay engaged with friends and others

“As descriptive frames, the three genres of participation are closely related to the genres of interest-driven and friendship-driven participation that we outline in this book’s introduction, although here we have focused on issues of expertise and the intensity of media engagement.”

# data[].attributes.headline
Did the author(s) make any arguments that pushed you to expand thinking about your students and their lives with technology? 

# data[].attributes.subject
Did the author(s) make any arguments that pushed you to expand thinking about your students and their lives with technology? 

# data[].attributes.body
In 2007, 71 percent of American Teenagers, owned a mobile phone.  Today, almost 88 percent of American Teenagers, own a mobile phone.  Although many students do have not laptop computers.  Most have the opportunity to own a mobile phone.  Technology today, allows these teenagers to stay connected most of their daily lives.  We should be trying to expand the minds of these American Teenagers and not limiting the possibilities that they are capable of.

# data[].attributes.headline
Did the author(s) make any arguments in which you disagree

# data[].attributes.subject
Did the author(s) make any arguments in which you disagree

# data[].attributes.body
If I wanted to make an argument against the authors, it would be to just go against them.  There is nothing mentioned that I disagree with.  Having three Young Adults in my house and seeing how invested they are to technology is in-line with this reading.  There will be a day in American Society when 98 percent or higher, of today's teenagers will have their own mobile phone.  Mobile phones were once seen as a luxury, they are now a necessity.  Not only for them but their parents.