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The factories, steamboats and other new inventions are what pulled this family to the US. The hope for a good job with a safe home and place to raise a family is what pulled this family. The push factor was that they were not very wealthy but not quite poor, and with the poverty spreading before they left it was just best to leave and start fresh.

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This is the only known letter from on board the Titanic that was dated April 15, 1912 - the date the Titanic struck the iceberg. The letter is written by Esther Hart, a second class passenger, and mother of Eva Hart who famously wrote "Shadow of the Titanic". Esther, her husband Benjamin, and Eva were traveling to Canada to start a new life.

On the evening of the tragedy, Benjamin placed his sheepskin lined coat on Esther before she and Eva got in a lifeboat. Benjamin told Eva "You hold Mommy's hand and be a good little girl". Benjamin's body was never found. Once rescued, Esther discovered the letter in the pocket of Benjamin's coat where he had placed it for safekeeping.
The letter reads: My Dear ones all, As you see it is Sunday afternoon and we are resting in the library after luncheon. I was very bad all day yesterday could not eat or drink and sick all the while, but today I have got over it. This morning Eva and I went to church and she was so pleased they sang "Oh God our help in ages past" that is her Hymn she sang so nicely. So she sang out loudly she is very bonny. She has had a nice ball and a box of toffee and a photo of this ship bought her today. Everybody takes notice of her through the Teddy Bear. There is to be a concert on board tomorrow night in aid of the Sailors' Home and she is going to sing so am I. Well, the sailors say we have had a wonderful passage up to now. There has been no tempest, but God knows what it must be when there is one. This mighty expanse of water, no land in sight and the ship rolling from side to side is being wonderful. Tho they say this Ship does not roll on account of its size. Any how it rolls enough for me, I shall never forget it. It is very nice weather but awfully windy and cold. They say we may get into New York Tuesday night but we are really due early Wednesday morning, shall write as soon as we get there. This letter won't leave the ship but will remain and come back to England where she is due again on the 26th. Where you see the letter all of a screw is where she rolls and shakes my arm. I am sending you on a menu to show you how we live. I shall be looking forward to a line from somebody to cheer me up a bit. I am always shutting my eyes and I see everything as I left it. I hope you are all quite well. Let this be an all round letter as I can't write properly to all 'till I can set my foot on shore again. We have met some nice people on board, Lucy, and so it has been nice so far. But oh the long, long days and nights. It's the longest break I have ever spent in my life. I must close now with all our fondest love to all of you. From your loving Ess. Heaps of love and kisses to all from Eva
(Photo credit: Invaluable.com)

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Letter from On Board the Titanic the Day It Hit the Iceberg - Diary File

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This is the only known letter from on board the Titanic that was dated April 15, 1912 - the date the Titanic struck the iceberg. The letter is written by Esther Hart, a second class passenger, and mother of Eva Hart who famously wrote "Shadow of the Titanic".

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The list of all these people would be a huge pull factor. Seeing all your friends, family, and neighbors successfully making it would for sure make you want to try. Also one thing that pushed many of the people on this list was money. People needed better jobs, and wanted a better chance at a good life with a happy family.

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Some of the push factors to stay in Europe would've been in this article. The story of how many deaths and the freezing water would be enough to put most peoples dreams on hold. A pull factor to ignore this and come to the US anyway would be to find out if you lost anyone on that night. To see if everyone you knew was okay.

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Titanic Sinks Four Hours After Hitting Iceberg; 866 Rescued By Carpathia, Probably 1,250 Perish; Ismay Safe, Mrs. Astor Maybe, Noted Names Missing
Biggest Liner Plunges to the Bottom at 2:20 A.M. RESCUERS THERE TOO LATE Expect to Pick Up the Few Hundreds Who Took to the Lifeboats. WOMEN AND CHILDREN FIRST Cunarder Carpathia Rushing to New York with the Survivors. SEA SEARCH FOR OTHERS The California Stands By on Chance of Picking Up Other Boats or Rafts. OLYMPIC SENDS THE NEWS Only Ship to Flash Wireless Messages to Shore After the Disaster.

RELATED HEADLINES
Col. Astor and Bride, Isidor Straus and Wife and Maj. Butt Aboard
"RULE OF SEA" FOLLOWED Women and Children Put Over in Lifeboats and Are Supposed to be Safe on Carpathia PICKED UP AFTER 8 HOURS Vincent Astor Calls at White Star Office for News of His Father and Leaves Weeping. Franklin Hopeful All Day Manager of Line Insisted Titanic Was Unsinkable Even After She Had Gone Down HEAD OF THE LINE ABOARD J.Bruce Ismay Making First Trip on Gigantic Ship That Was to Surpass All Others

CAPE RACE, N.F., April 15. -- The White Star liner Olympic reports by wireless this evening that the Cunarder Carpathia reached, at daybreak this morning, the position from which wireless calls for help were sent out last night by the Titanic after her collision with an iceberg. The Carpathia found only the lifeboats and the wreckage of what had been the biggest steamship afloat.

The Titanic had foundered at about 2:20 A.M., in latitude 41:46 north and longitude 50:14 west. This is about 30 minutes of latitude, or about 34 miles, due south of the position at which she struck the iceberg. All her boats are accounted for and about 655 souls have been saved of the crew and passengers, most of the latter presumably women and children. There were about 1,200 persons aboard the Titanic.

The Leyland liner California is remaining and searching the position of the disaster, while the Carpathia is returning to New York with the survivors.

It can be positively stated that up to 11 o'clock to-night nothing whatever had been received at or heard by the Marconi station here to the effect that the Parisian, Virginian or any other ships had picked up any survivors, other than those picked up by the Carpathia.

First News of the Disaster.

The first news of the disaster to the Titanic was received by the Marconi wireless station here at 10:25 o'clock last night (as told in yesterday's New York Times.) The Titanic was first heard giving the distress signal "C. Q. D.," which was answered by a number of ships, including the Carpathia, the Baltic and the Olympic. The Titanic said she had struck an iceberg and was in immediate need of assistance, giving her position as latitude 41:46 north and longitude 50:14 west.

At 10:55 o'clock the Titanic reported she was sinking by the head, and at 11:25 o'clock the station here established communication with the Allan liner Virginian, from Halifax to Liverpool, and notified her of the Titanic's urgent need of assistance and gave her the Titanic's position.

The Virginian advised the Marconi station almost immediately that she was proceeding toward the scene of the disaster.

At 11:36 o'clock the Titanic informed the Olympic that they were putting the women off in boats and instructed the Olympic to have her boats read to transfer the passangers.

The Titanic, during all this time, continued to give distress signals and to announce her position.

The wireless operator seemed absolutely cool and clear-headed, his sending throughout being steady and perfectly formed, and the judgment used by him was of the best.

The last signals heard from the Titanic were received at 12:27 A.M., when the Virginian reported having heard a few blurred signals which ended abruptly.

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Titanic Sinks Four Hours After Hitting Iceberg; 866 Rescued By Carpathia, Probably 1,250 Perish; Ismay Safe, Mrs. Astor Maybe, Noted Names Missing

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Biggest Liner Plunges to the Bottom at 2:20 A.M. RESCUERS THERE TOO LATE Expect to Pick Up the Few Hundreds Who Took to the Lifeboats. WOMEN AND CHILDREN FIRST Cunarder Carpathia Rushing to New York with the Survivors. SEA SEARCH FOR OTHERS The California Stands By on Chance of Picking Up Other Boats or Rafts.

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Towards the second half of this short song, it sings "You recall the day you landed, I welcomed you to my shore. When you came here empty-handed, and allegiance forever you swore. I gathered you close to my boosem,  of clothes and of food you got clothed...". This quote from the song highlights the key push factor that many residence of England may not have gotten this treatment from their homeland at the time, which signifies the role of them wanting to leave and come to America. Toward the end of the song, it mentions if the immigrants "don't like Uncle Sam" and all America has done for them, that they can leave and go back to their own country, who didn't treat them as well. This backs up the claim that they are there due to unfair treatment from the UK, and they were in search of a better homeland.

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Excerpt from a 1913 Play About Immigration

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Excerpt from a 1913 Play About Immigration

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In this play excerpt, a push factor that England gave at the time was natural disasters. This caused farming to be a problem for them. As shown in the play,  the man is to come to Michigan to be with his brother. He wanted to be closer with family, and have a new start with more stability and safety there.

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A push factor to make the English want to board this ship and go to America would be the fact that there was so much poverty and unemployment  happening in the UK at the time-- they needed more jobs. Mining and the gold rush are two examples on why they would want to go. A pull factor of the English wanting to go to America was that many passengers wanted to go for a fresh start, for example, having a new opportunity for a job.