# data[].attributes.body
1a) extratropical - yes, tropical - yes, anticyclones - yes  (they come in pairs)
c) easterlies at the pacific
due to that formation at malaysia, less determinable by sight but NE monsoon?

2b) yes

3a) associated with subtropical cyclones

# data[].attributes.body
1. extratropical cyclone near the Korean peninsula and above Iran
anticyclone: Northwest Australia?
cyclone: East of Madagascar

trade winds: strong easterly tradewinds along the pacific
monsoon season: northeast

2. TPW
southern hemisphere,  south america feeds water towards the south pole
northern hemisphere: central america flows towards that northeast

3PHA:
central america bringing rain to greenland,
south america bringing rain east of cape horn

temp:
yes
warm front: yes, above Iran, below Alaska
cold front: US west coast, mid atlantic

Wind: very strong anticlockwise flow in the northern atmosphere

# data[].attributes.body
1. b. Antarctica, N.Pacific, S.Indian Ocean
1. c. Cold air from the north across South China Sea
2. c. Caribbean sea, E.Coast of S.America, E.Indian Ocean
3. a. Yes they correlate
4. Off the coast of S.America, warn air joining into the polar front
5. Strong westerlies

# data[].attributes.body
1. Northeast monsoon? Or inter-monsoon...?

2. Near the Indian Ocean?

3.  Same areas as the Wind and TPW

4. a. The polar front is the line between green and blue.
b. More like gradients? Rather than fronts (which I understand as boundaries?)

5. Very strong winds at 250hPA (>250km/h)

# data[].attributes.body
https://earth.nullschool.net/about.html

•Click & drag to rotate the globe; Turn the scroll wheel to zoom in/out.

•Click on the menu icon.

•Keep the default setting: Mode = Air; Control = Now.

•Use Animate = Air to observe atmospheric forecasts

1.Select Height = 850 hPa & Overlay = Wind.

a.Hover the cursor over the colour scale to read the wind speeds on the lower right corner of the screen.

b.Can you spot extratropical cyclones, anticyclones and tropical cyclones?

c.Are the trade winds evident? Which monsoon season is it in South-east Asia?

2.Select Height = 850 hPa & Overlay = TPW.

a.The total precipitable water (TPW) is the total amount of water vapour in an atmospheric column.

b.Can you identify the “atmospheric rivers” which carry water vapour from the subtropics to the mid-lattiudes in both hemispheres?

3.Select Height = Sfc & Overlay = 3HPA.

a.Can you associate where the (3-hourly accumulated) precipitation is in relation to all the above weather features?

4.Select Height = 850 hPa & Overlay = Temp.

a.Can you spot the polar front?

b.Are warm and cold fronts present?

5.Select Height = 250 hPa & Overlay = Wind.

a.Around the latitude of the polar front, what do you observe? [Keep this in mind for next session’s theory on thermal wind balance.]

# data[].attributes.body
https://interactive-atlas.ipcc.ch/regional-information

1. Look through the world maps and get a quantitative idea of the future climate projections for the world, paying attention to the striped regions as well.

2. For South-east Asia, choose the tabs “Time Series” and “Table Summary” to visualize the information.

3. Share with us what you discover about future climate projections in the world and in South-east Asia.

# data[].attributes.body
Same as zy

# data[].attributes.body
1. West Side,
2. No, ie: Nov is North, Dec is North East
3. The monsoon, Wind direction....?

-hy

# data[].attributes.body
Central catchment (Jan, Mar, May); West (Feb, Apr, Jun - Oct), East (Nov, Dec)

# data[].attributes.body
Question 1:
If we are looking across all months, then east in the month of december

Question 2:
no

Question 3:
Various variables - different rates of cooling and evaporation between sea and land, different pressure systems influenced by neighboring countries due to their geomorphologies, etc.

# data[].attributes.body
The west in most months
No
wind direction?

# data[].attributes.body
1) west, where NTU is
2) nov/dec tends to favor east coast
3) sumatra squalls?
-land/sea breeze johor

# data[].attributes.body
West

No

# data[].attributes.body
1) central/east singapore will have highest average rainfall because nov-jan have the most rainfall
2) no; mar/apr have more rainfall on the west side, nov-jan have more rainfall on the east side
3) vegetation, direction of monsoon winds

# data[].attributes.body
1. central?
2. No
3. Kelvin waves...? The heaviest rainfall area seems to be moving eastward

# data[].attributes.body
http://www.weather.gov.sg/climate-detailed-view/

Explore the tab “Climate Normals” for all the different months

1. Which part of Singapore (i.e. north/south/east/west/central) is usually the wettest?

2. Is it the same across all months?

3. What would cause a place to have higher rainfall than another?

# data[].attributes.body
1. 512.4 mm - Payau Lebar 2 Dec 1978
2. 147 mm - Changi 2 Nov 1995

3. Great difference, because the value of the monthly rainfall is the average of the rainfall from the range of the sample. Meanwhile, the highest value is the value which deviates the most from the average value

# data[].attributes.body
Daily: 512.4mm
60 min: 147mm
comparable to monthly rainfall - very extreme event?

# data[].attributes.body
highest daily: 512.4 mm
highest 60-min: 147 mm
When we adjust the time unit to the same scale, the number of monthly rainfall would be much smaller than both of daily and 60-min.

# data[].attributes.body
1) 512.4mm
2) 147mm
3) did floods occur? :0

# data[].attributes.body
Question 1:
512.4mm

Question 2:
147mm

Question 3:
The highest daily rainfall is above the average rate of total highest rainfall in a month.
The highest 60min rainfall on record is also way above the rate of average highest rainfall in a day

# data[].attributes.body
Q1: 512.4 mm
Q2: 147 mm
Q3: Notable difference

# data[].attributes.body
1. 512.4mm
2. 147mm
3. Monthly is much higher

# data[].attributes.body
1. 512.4mm on 2 Dec 1978
2. 147mm on 2 Nov 1995
3. Strong deviation from average rainfall statistics

# data[].attributes.body
Most - nov/Dec
Least - Feb

110mm - 320mm

# data[].attributes.body
http://www.weather.gov.sg/climate-historical-extremes/

1. What is the highest daily rainfall on record?

2. What is the highest 60-min rainfall on record?

3. How do the above values compare with the monthly rainfall?

# data[].attributes.body
Question 1:
most (December)
least (February)

Question 2:
110m to 310mm

Question 3:
0700-0900 June
1600-1700 Dec

# data[].attributes.body
1) Most - December / Least - Feb
2) 110-310mm
3) 4pm (Dec)

# data[].attributes.body
Most rainfall - Dec
least Rainfall - Feb
Range: ~110mm - ~330mm
Most likely to rain:  8am (June), 5pm ish (dec)
- hy

# data[].attributes.body
1. Most rain : November and December
Least rain : February
2. 110-310 mm
3.  June = 7 AM to 9 AM
December = 4 PM to 5 PM

# data[].attributes.body
1. December
2. 110 - 210mm?
3. predawn to midday Jun-Sep
afternoon and early evening Oct-Nov

# data[].attributes.body
Most rain days - Nov/Dec
Least rain days - Feb
Range - approx. from 100 to 300 mm
Part of day- In June morning like 8-9 am, In Dec towards the evening like 4.00-5.00 pm

# data[].attributes.body
Q1: Least: Feb; Most: Nov/Dec
Q2: 110-320mm
Q3: 8 am or 4pm

# data[].attributes.body
1. Most: Nov & Dec; Least: Feb
2. 110mm in Feb to 310mm in Dec
3. 8am in Jun, 5pm in Dec

# data[].attributes.body
1. most: December. least: February
2. 110-320mm
3. 8am or 4pm

# data[].attributes.headline
Welcome! Please feel free to post the answers to the questions posed during the activities here.

# data[].attributes.subject
Welcome! Please feel free to post the answers to the questions posed during the activities here.

# data[].attributes.body
http://www.weather.gov.sg/climate-climate-of-singapore/

1. Which month has the most/least rain days?

2. What is the range of monthly rainfall amount through the year?

3. Which part of the day is it most likely to rain usually? Compare June and December.