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-Authors in Post Modernistic times criticized ideas as early as the Enlightenment period. In addition, ideas that were created in Modern times were also contradicted.

-Authors in Post Modernistic times questioned reality such as ideas of right and wrong. Writers saw society as individualistic and encouraged differences in human life.

-Individuals also gravitated towards identity politics. Identity politics are political parties created from people of a similar religion, race, or social background.

-Themes of Post Modernism
- There is no "right" or "wrong", relativism
- Questioning (skepticism) was very common
- Science and technology affected the way people acted

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Close Read of "The Unknown Citizen" by W.H. Auden 

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Close Read of "The Unknown Citizen" by W.H. Auden 

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Werlock, Abby H. P. “Postmodernism.” Encyclopedia of the American Short Story, 2-Volume Set, Third Edition, Facts On File, 2013. History Research Center, online.infobase.com/Auth/Index?aid=&itemid=&articleId=42208. Accessed 21 Feb. 2022.
"Postmodernism." Britannica School, Encyclopædia Britannica, 4 Sep. 2020. school.eb.com/levels/high/article/postmodernism/384857. Accessed 21 Feb. 2022.
Anonymous. “Wind of Change: Post-War Britain 1945–1965.” Institute of Continuing Education (ICE), 13 Sept. 2016, https://www.ice.cam.ac.uk/course/wind-change-post-war-britain-1945-1965.

“Britain since 1945.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., https://www.britannica.com/place/United-Kingdom/Britain-since-1945.

Editorial Team. “History of Civil Rights in the UK.” Black History Month 2022, 28 May 2021, https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/section/civil-rights-movement/history-of-civil-rights-in-the-uk/.

Eldridge, Alison. “List of Prime Ministers of Great Britain and the United Kingdom.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 24 July 2019, https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-prime-ministers-of-Great-Britain-and-the-United-Kingdom-1800350.

Gelpi, Albert. “The Genealogy of Postmodernism: Contemporary American Poetry.” Albert Gelpi on Postmodern Poetry, 18 July 2007, https://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/88/gelpi.html.

Hawkins, Vikki. “A Princess at War: Queen Elizabeth II during World War II: The National WWII Museum: New Orleans.” The National WWII Museum | New Orleans, The National World War II Museum, 21 Mar. 2021, https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/queen-elizabeth-ii-during-world-war-ii.

History.com Editors. “Modernism and Post-Modernism History.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 16 Aug. 2017, https://www.history.com/topics/art-history/history-of-modernism-and-post-modernism#:~:text=Stretching%20from%20the%20late%2019th,during%20the%201960s%20and%201970s.

“List of British Monarchs.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 16 Mar. 2016, https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-British-monarchs-2059315.

“Postmodernism.” Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition, Columbia University Press, Mar. 2021, pp. 1–1. MAS Ultra - School Edition, https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ulh&AN=134489068&site=ehost-live. Accessed 21 Feb. 2022.

Smith, Matthew. “Margaret Thatcher: The Public View 40 Years On.” YouGov, YouGov, 3 May 2019, https://yougov.co.uk/topics/politics/articles-reports/2019/05/03/margaret-thatcher-public-view-40-years.

“Striking Women.” Post World War II: 1946-1970 | Striking Women, https://www.striking-women.org/module/women-and-work/post-world-war-ii-1946-1970.

“Timeline of the Women's Liberation Movement.” British Library, https://www.bl.uk/sisterhood/timeline.

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- Began after WWII, following into an era of skepticism and suspicion. The era challenged right vs. wrong, attempting to question meaning and create complex ideas.

- Government was focused on maintaining political and economic power

- Britain was decimated after the war and, although the war was won, it was seen as a byproduct of a failing government in the eyes of many.

- America and Russia became the leading global superpowers now which led to the cold war. Britain wasn't heavily involved in the cold war but there was definitely some paranoia.

- Women lost jobs as soldiers came back and that led to many women's rights strikes and events as the ladies wanted their freedom back.

- There were massive wins for Women from increased financial freedom(Likely from the increased divorce rate) to the legalization of abortion.

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Notable Rulers/People in Power:
- Queen Elizabeth II: She was a female monarch and role model who actively engaged in the war effort. She was actually called "Princess Auto Mechanic" by the newspapers by her involvement with cars and such under the ATS(Auxiliary Territorial Service).

- Margaret Thatcher: She was the first female prime minister for the UK and passed a massive amount of legislation. She focused on privatizing the economy and was conservative.
- Harold Wilson: His notable achievement is the passing of an anti-discrimination law that made racial discrimination a legal offense.

- Winston Churchill: He was very influential during the war but also brought about a lot of change after. His government decriminalized homosexuality, abolished the death penalty, and made way for a permissive society(A social structure marked by greater tolerance and increasing liberal views). His death was especially important as it served as a symbol for the passage of "old times".

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Major Authors/Pieces of the Post Modernism era 

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Major Authors/Pieces of the Post Modernism era 

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Most pieces in the era were written in free form. The poems were meant to reflect a natural thought process, allowing them to have a genuine sense of mind. Most of the themes were playful, scientific, technological, logic, randomness and disorder.

Major Works:

- Waiting for Godot(Samuel Beckett): Minimalist(Art movement after WWII to moderate politics), wrote about tragic experiences. A conversation between Vladimir and Estragon. They are waiting for the arrival of Godot, who never showed up. The play symbolized how friendship can get one through a hard time, and to how much humans rely on a sort of illusion for hope.
- The Unknown Citizen (WH Auden) British-American Poet, wrote about religion, morals, politics and love. *CLOSE READ*
- Crow (Ted Hughes): One of the best ranked British authors, best known for writing poetry. Crow is one of God’s companions, trying to improve the universe. The poem has a theme of religion and questioning existence.
- Lord of the Flies (William Golding): British novelist who mostly wrote about spiritual experiences through telling stories. The book is about a group of boys who are stranded on an island and learn to govern themselves. The novel soon shows how destructive isolation can be.
- 1984: (George Orwell) English-British novelist who mostly wrote about opposition to totalitarianism. A dystopian novella about a controlling society. It conveys how censorship can lead to problems.

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Lasted from 1945-1990
(WWII to end of Cold War)

A term used to designate a multitude of trends—in the arts, philosophy, religion, technology, and many other areas—that come after and deviate from the many 20th-century movements that constituted modernism

Postmodernists questioned reality and whatever they knew. They also tried to abolish the idea of "norms".
It felt like an era of breaking boundaries and almost instability, which I believe will show in its literature.

There was a massive rise in pop culture and the idea of being a "Teen" because of the end of the war. The vets coming back from the war wanted the kids to never have to go through the same conflict. They encouraged kids to have a childhood and to "let kids be kids!"

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https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?quizId=b75f6b9c-8783-4b19-bf77-7f8a8513243e

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https://artincontext.org/postmodern-art/

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https://www.theartstory.org/definition/postmodernism/history-and-concepts/

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https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/p/postmodernism