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Greenwood district in Tulsa, Oklahoma was founded and developed by African Americans starting in 1906 on what had formerly been Indian Territory. It flourished with the opening of clothing shops, theaters and businesses and became known as Black Wall Street. In 1921, Greenwood was the target of attacks by an unarmed mob in the Tulsa Race Massacre.

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The violence began on May 31, 1921 and left hundreds of Black residents dead and more than 1,000 houses and businesses destroyed.

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National Guard Troops carry rifles with bayonets attached while escorting unarmed African American men after the Tulsa Race Massacre.

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This photograph shows people searching through the rubble after the massacre in Tulsa.

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Refugee camps for people who had lost their homes were set up on the fairgrounds in Tulsa following the violence.

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Tulsa's ARC hospital patients are shown recovering from injuries from the massacre. With millions in property damage and no help from the city, the rebuilding of Greenwood began almost immediately.

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At the Municipal Lodging House St. Louis, MO 1917. St. Louis opened its municipal lodging house a shelter across city hall to refugees.

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Municipal Lodging House East St. Louis Riots 

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Narcis Gurley, 70, with burns to her arms. She was afraid to leave her burning house in East St. Louis until the blazing walls collapsed. (Southern Illinois University, Bowen Archives)

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A victim of white rioting in East St. Louis (Southern Illinois University, Bowen Archives)

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Fire burns on the night of the riot in East St. Louis near the city library, at Eight Street and Broadway. (Missouri History Museum).

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Fire from riots, as seen on East Bridge

Smoke rises from fires set by white mobs in East St. Louis during the riot on July 2, 1917, in the St. Louis Star notes it was taken the evening of July 2 from Eads Bridge. Rioters burned more than 300 black homes and businesses. At least 39 nine blacks and nine whites were killed during the rampage, but the total probably was closer to 100. Rioters dumped many bodies of their black victims into Cahokia Creek. (Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Bowen Archives)

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East St. Louis residents flee across the river to St. Louis in search of refuge during the riots in 1917.

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East St. Louis Residents flee the city in 1917

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Police and others look for bodies after the riots in St. Louis.

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A white mob surrounds a street car during the riots in East St. Louis in 1917. Racial Tension that brewed as black workers moved here from the south for jobs, sometimes working as strikebreakers, boiled over in July. White mobs shot and beat blacks, including children, as police officers, and state militiamen largely stood by. The death count was 39 blacks and nine whites, although police estimated a death toll closer to 100.

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A scene on Collinsville Avenue in downtown East St. Louis at Illinois Avenue (now Dr. Martin Luther King Drive) in 1919, two years after the riot. Lena Cook's husband and son were dragged from a streetcar by a white mob at that intersection and shot to death during rioting on July 2, 1917. Cook, of St. Louis, later testified in court against the killers.

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Black detainees are led to the Convention Hall following a race riot in Tulsa, Oklahoma 1917. June 1, 1921 Tulsa Historical Society

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A man holding a hat with his hands up wearing suspenders surrenders during the Tulsa Race Massacre which occurred from May 31, 1921 through June 1, 1921 in Greenwood, Oklahoma. (Photo by Greenwood Cultural Center/Getty Images)

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Black Man Surrendering Tulsa Race Riots 

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3rd June 1921: injured and wounded men are being taken to hospital by national guardsmen after racially motivated riots, also known as the "Tulsa Race Massacre", during which a mobs of white residents attacked black residents and businesses of the Greenwood District in Tulsa, Oklahoma, US. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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Newspaper Article from the Chicago Daily Tribune on the Chicago Race Riots

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Newspaper Article from the Chicago Defender on the Chicago Race Riots

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The Chicago Race Riot began at the 29th Street Beach, after the drowning death of Eugene Williams, an African-American teenager who had crossed an imaginary boundary in the water separating blacks from whites, July 27, 1919. (Chicago History Museum/Getty Images)

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In this 1919 photo provided by Chicago History Museum, a crowd of men and armed National Guard stand in front of the Ogden Cafe during race riots in Chicago. Red Summer, as the summer of 1919 came to be known, saw white-on-black violence in big cities like Washington and Chicago and small towns like Elaine, Ark., and Bisbee, Ariz. (Chicago History Museum/The Jun Fujita negatives collection via AP)

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In this 1919 photo provided by the Chicago History Museum, a crowd gathers at a house that has been vandalized and looted during the race riots in Chicago. Some of the crowd is posing inside broken windows, others are standing on the lawn. (Chicago History Museum/The Jun Fujita negatives collection via AP)

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In this 1919 photo provided by the Chicago History Museum, a mob runs with bricks during the race riots in Chicago. (Chicago History Museum/The Jun Fujita negatives collection via AP)

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In this 1919 photo provided by the Chicago History Museum, police look through a broken window of a house during the race riots in Chicago. Broken furniture is strewn about the front yard. Hundreds of African Americans died at the hands of white mobs during “Red Summer,” as the summer of 1919 came to be known, but little is known nationally about this summer of violence 100 years later. (Chicago History Museum/The Jun Fujita negatives collection via AP)

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In this 1919 photo provided by the Chicago History Museum, a victim is stoned and bludgeoned under a corner of a house during the race riots in Chicago. Hundreds of African Americans died at the hands of white mobs during “Red Summer,” as the summer of 1919 came to be known, but little is known nationally about this summer of violence 100 years later. (Chicago History Museum/The Jun Fujita negatives collection via AP)

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In this July 13, 1919 image provided by the Library of Congress, Daniel Hoskins stands with guns deposited at Gregg County Courthouse, in Longview, Texas, following race riots during Red Summer. Red Summer, as the summer of 1919 came to be known, saw white-on-black violence in big cities like Washington and Chicago and small towns like Longview. (Library of Congress via AP)