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Francis Joseph was the oldest son of Archduke Francis Charles and Sophia. He was born on Aug. 18, 1830, at Schönbrunn (Vienna). Francis Joseph was proclaimed emperor on December 2nd, 1848. He started to rule when he was as young as 18 years old. Francis Joseph started his rule of by starting a series of revolutions. The Hungarian revolution was one of his most serious revolutions. He won it with the Russians help. Francis Joseph ruled both as emperor of Austria and King of Hungary.

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In 1860, Francis Joseph was forced to return to a form of the constitutionalism that he had proudly abolished in 1851. The failed attempt to reassert hegemony in the Germanic Confederation led to the Austro Prussian War of 1866, in which the Austrians suffered a resounding defeat at the battle of Königgrätz (Sadowa). Francis Joseph ended up having to make peace with the Magyar leadership, led by Ferenc Deák, on their terms. The result was the Ausgleich (Compromise) of 1867, which effectively split the Austrian Empire into two states, the kingdom of Hungary and the rest, that is known as Cisleithania but continued to be informally known as Austria.

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When Francis Joseph's son, Crown Prince Rudolf, died his whole view on life changed. On 30 January 1889, everything started to go downhill, fast. The failure of the Bohemian Compromise of 1890 led to major political downfall and a conflict between the between Czechs and Germans. Francis Joseph had used franchise reform as a threat in Hungary. He thought that actual universal suffrage in Austria was a way to reduce the power of the nationalist parties in the Reichsrat, and was prepared for radical reform, and would be cheering on the socialists.

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When Francis Joseph's wife and nephew were assassinated he got pushed off the edge. All this built up anger, sadness, and hatred contributed to the start of World War I. He declared war on Serbia because he thought that they were behind the assassinations. This started a chain reaction and soon everyone was at war with each other, (World War I).

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Francis Joseph died of pneumonia at the age of 86 on 21 November 1916. His death caused the Monarchy to lose someone that was holding together the foundation of something that was already getting weakened by society. The funeral of Francis Joseph on 30 November 1916 symbolized the end of an era, the era of Francis Joseph.

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Video of Francis Joseph's People Greeting Him in Austria

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Video of Francis Joseph's People Greeting Him in Austria

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Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria Greeted by His People

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I chose this topic because I was interested in Francis Joseph and how he was important to the world. My thoughts going into this project was that I was going to get to learn about Francis Joseph and how he contributed to the wold, and what changes he would make. I enjoyed learning about how the assassination of his wife and nephew affected the way he ruled.

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“." Encyclopedia of Modern Europe: Europe 1789-1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of Industry and Empire. . Encyclopedia.com. 16 Oct. 2020 .” Encyclopedia.com, Encyclopedia.com, 21 Nov. 2020, www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/austria-and-hungary-history-biographies/francis-joseph.

“Francis Joseph.” Biography, 1996, biography.yourdictionary.com/francis-joseph.

Mutschlechner, Martin. “Franz Joseph: the Ageing Emperor.” Translated by Sophie Kidd, Der Erste Weltkrieg, 17 Aug. 2014, ww1.habsburger.net/en/chapters/franz-joseph-ageing-emperor.

Franz Joseph I, Emperor Of Austria, and Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection. Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria greeted by his people. [United States: s.n., ?, 1910] Video. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/mp76000311/>.