# data[].attributes.body
Factual: The Laguna Copperplate Inscription (circa 900AD) found by Alfredo Evangelista from the Laguna de Bay area in Luzon, Philippines. It is the earliest known written document found in the Philippines. The text of the LCI was mostly written in Old Malay with influences of Sanskrit, Old Javanese and Old Tagalog using the Kawi Script (Morrow)

Reference:
Morrow P. (2022) Reading the Laguna copperplate inscription https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/general-blogs/730/reading-the-laguna-copperplate-inscription

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Langit, Lupa at Impierno ca. 1850 (Heaven, Earth and Hell)

# data[].attributes.body
Factual: In 1850, Josef Luciano Dans which is one of the earliest recorded painters in Philippine art history made the Langit, Lupa at Impierno ca. 1850 (Heaven, Earth and Hell), a three-level painting which shows the Holy Trinity, Mary the Mother of Christ, saints, the Seven Blessed Sacraments and a macabre depiction of Hell.  The painting depicts eternal salvation and damnation of souls in Heaven and Hell, respectively (Hernandez).

Reference:
Hernandez E,M. The Spanish Colonial Tradition in Philippine Visual Arts. https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/visual-arts/the-spanish-colonial-tradition-in-philippine-visual-arts/

# data[].attributes.body
Factual: In 1920, Fernando Amorsolo, the first National Artist of the Philippines made Palay Maiden which is the Filipina in her own likeness, carrying new harvest to symbolize the hope for a rising nation. The Tagalog word for grain, "palay," symbolizes the most significant crop in the Philippines. Amorsolo's preference for beauty is reflected in the word "maiden." Amorsolo does not adhere to a Western ideal of beauty in any of his works that feature women.

Reference: https://ationgson.tumblr.com/post/81401515132/palay-maiden-1920-oil-on-canvas-palay-is-tagalog

# data[].attributes.body
Factual: Fernando Amorsolo remained as one of the most prolific painters during the Japanese Occupation. Amorsolo created a series of scenes that showed the destruction in Manila. The 1942 painting Bombing of the Intendencia shows the Intendencia in Intramuros being destroyed by fire. The mint, customs, and financial offices were all located inside the Intendencia. When Japanese bombs were dropped on Manila in December 1941, it was one of the first structures to be destroyed (Yu-Rivera, 2018).

Reference:
Yu-Rivera H. (2018) Bombing of the Intendencia https://epa.culturalcenter.gov.ph/3/82/2149/

# data[].attributes.body
Factual: Made by Jaime de Guzman—a celebrated painter and ceramic artist whose work had a huge impact on the art scene of the 70. The artwork's original sketch, swiftly but thoughtfully written on the back of an invitation from Malacanang (affixed beneath the picture), can be seen as an unintentional kind of artistic dissidence against the social order that predominated at the time (Ponce, 2015).

Reference:
Ponce A. (2015) From Mayhem to Mystics: The Art of Jaime de Guzman. https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/arts-and-culture/2015/03/05/1430335/mayhem-mystics-art-jaime-de-guzman

# data[].attributes.body
The visual arts of the Philippines include a variety of expressions created by Filipinos in pre-conquest, Spanish, American, Japanese, and modern traditions. In the Pre-Colonial Period, sculpture, paintings, and pottery were the most well-known visual art forms. Examples include the tattoos from the pintados in Panay and the LCI. Painting and sculpture with mostly religious themes and forms were introduced by Spanish colonization while during the American era, modernism and conservatism battled it out for dominance in painting and sculpture, with the latter eventually winning. However, during the Japanese era, suspension on artistic activity was prevalent but it did not become a hindrance for some artist to produce artworks that convey the depressing and cruelty that is happening during that era and one example of it is the Bombing of the Intendencia. After the series of conquest, western styles, media, and ideologies were all explored by artists but some artist are purposefully going back to ethnic roots in order to express who they are as people and as Filipinos.