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June 28, 1914- Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated while visiting Sarajevo amid reports of anti-Austrian sentiment and unrest 

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June 28, 1914- Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated while visiting Sarajevo amid reports of anti-Austrian sentiment and unrest 

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Gavrilo Princip was part of the Serbian terrorist group called the Black Hands. They wanted to unite territories with ethnic Serbs under Serbia's control. Gavriolo Princip shot the archduke and the duchess in Sarajevo, Bosnia. The archduke was the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, and the assassination of the archduke angered Austria-Hungary.

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July 23, 1914- Austria presents Serbia with an ultimatum, backed by Germany

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July 23, 1914- Austria presents Serbia with an ultimatum, backed by Germany

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The ultimatum demanded the Serbian government accept an Austro-Hungarian inquiry into the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. It also demanded that Serbia suppress all anti-Austrian propaganda and eliminate terrorist organizations such as the Black Hand. Austria-Hungary demanded an answer to the ultimatum within two days.

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July 25, 1914- Serbia accepts most but not all of Austria's demands

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July 25, 1914- Serbia accepts most but not all of Austria's demands

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Of the six demands presented by Austria, Serbia accepted all of them but the sixth. The sixth demand was created to make Serbian acceptance unlikely. If Serbia had accepted this sixth demand, Serbia's sovereignty would have been violated.

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July 28, 1914- Austria rejects Serbia's offer and declares war on Serbia 

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July 28, 1914- Austria rejects Serbia's offer and declares war on Serbia 

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Serbia accepted most of Austria's demands but Austria's foreign minister refused to negotiate further. Austria moved forward with military operations and broke all diplomatic relations with Serbia. Serbia was backed up by Russia, so Austria was now at risk of war with Russia as well.

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July 30, 1914- Russian leaders order the mobilization of troops and move them toward the Austrian border. Tzar Nicolas II tells Kaiser Wilhelm II that the moves are only a precaution. 

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July 30, 1914- Russian leaders order the mobilization of troops and move them toward the Austrian border. Tzar Nicolas II tells Kaiser Wilhelm II that the moves are only a precaution. 

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Russia had the largest army in the world, with over 5,000,000 soldiers when fully mobilized. Russia was Serbia's biggest ally and wanted to protect Serbia from Austria-Hungary. When Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia mobilized and prepared for war in response.

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August 1, 1914- Germany declares war on Russia

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August 1, 1914- Germany declares war on Russia

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Germany was allied with Austria. Since Russia was at war with Austria, Germany was forced to back up Austria and go to war with Russia as well. Germany felt threatened since Russia mobilized along Germany's eastern borders.

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August 3, 1914- Germany demands that France stay neutral, but France backs its ally, Russia. 

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August 3, 1914- Germany demands that France stay neutral, but France backs its ally, Russia. 

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France had a military alliance with Russia called the Franco-Russian alliance. They agreed that their alliance extended to supporting Serbia against Austria. The French army began to mobilize and prepare for war in order to back up Russia.

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August 3, 1914- Germany responds by declaring war on France

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August 3, 1914- Germany responds by declaring war on France

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After declaring war on France, German general Alfred von Schileffen made a plan for a two-front war against France and Russia. Hours later, France declares war against Germany as well. France prepared its troops to move into Alsace and Lorraine.

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August 3, 1914- German army invades Belgium on its way to France

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August 3, 1914- German army invades Belgium on its way to France

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Germany planned to go through Belgium to reach France. Belgium was neutral and refused to allow German troops free passage. The Belgians resisted more than German generals had expected, but German forces didn't give up. German forces fought through Belgium and made it to Paris.

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August 4, 1914- Great Britain, honoring a treaty guaranteeing Belgium's neutrality, declares war on Germany

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August 4, 1914- Great Britain, honoring a treaty guaranteeing Belgium's neutrality, declares war on Germany

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Britain and other European powers signed a treaty guaranteeing Belgian neutrality. Britain was outraged by Germany's invasion of Belgium and declared war on Germany to protect Belgium. If Germany made it through Belgium, this would result in a potential French defeat. Britain wanted to prevent a French defeat which would have left Germany in control of Western Europe.