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Team:

Fabian Arreola

Angel Cisneros

Mauro Burgos

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Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperatures and weather patterns. These changes may be natural, due to variations in solar activity or large volcanic eruptions. But since the 19th century, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, mainly due to the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas.

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The way Earth's climate system works is simple. When energy from the sun reflects off the Earth and returns to space (mainly through clouds and ice), or when Earth's atmosphere releases energy, the planet cools. When the Earth absorbs the sun's energy, or when atmospheric gases prevent the heat released by the Earth from radiating into space (greenhouse effect), the planet warms. A variety of factors, both natural and human, can influence Earth's climate system.

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The earth has gone through warming and cooling phases in the past, long before humans existed. Forces that can contribute to climate change include the intensity of the sun, volcanic eruptions, and naturally occurring changes in greenhouse gas concentrations. But records indicate that current climate warming, particularly that which has occurred since the mid-20th century, is occurring at a much faster rate than ever before and cannot be explained by natural causes alone. According to NASA, “these natural causes are still at play today, but their influence is too small or they occur too slowly to explain the rapid warming observed in recent decades.”

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Climate change, driven primarily by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, is causing rising global temperatures, melting glaciers and extreme weather events. To mitigate its effects, it is crucial to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adopt more sustainable practices.