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Definition: “The ability for the heart, lungs and blood vessels to take in oxygen and transport it efficiently to create energy for long periods of activity” (Helgerud et al., 2001).

•Often referred to as aerobic endurance/aerobic capacity.

•Involves continuous and rhythmic activity.

•Slow-twitch (oxidative) fibres.

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What are the different types of Cardiovascular Training?

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What are the different types of Cardiovascular Training?

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Fartlek – ‘speed play’ – ‘‘periods of fast running intermixed with periods of slower running with a change of intensity throughout’’ (Kumar, 2015)

Continuous – steady state exercise for long periods of time. This commonly involves the same intensity throughout the duration

Interval – Developed in Germany in the 1930s.

‘’Varying lengths of intensity and work that are normally set before training begins. This can be done both anaerobically and aerobically.’’ (Talanian, 2015)

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CV: Explain the Treadmill and  Ergo Bike by considering:

-          What is the machine and what does it look like (moving band, HR handles)

-          What areas does it target and is it easy to use

-          What levels and options does it have (include/intervals/fat burning)

-          Advantages & Disadvantages / Similarities & Differences of each machine

-          How would you use the machine to suit people (elderly, children, pregnant)

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•‘’Resistance training involves working specific muscle groups against external forces or resistances’’ (Silva et al., 2015)

•There is convincing evidence (e.g. Crossley, 2012; Lloyd & Oliver, 2014) that suggests that resistance training increases:

-Musculoskeletal strength

-Activation of neural pathways

-Fast twitch muscle fibres

-Body composition (reduced BF%)

-Movement competencies

-Injury prevention

-Psychological wellbeing (Faigenbaum et al., 2009)

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What are the benefits of Resistance Training?

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What are the benefits of Resistance Training?

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What are the different types of Resistance Training?

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What are the different types of Resistance Training?

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Free weights are a form of strength training that can be defined as resistance exercises provided by ‘free’ objects that aren’t attached to anything and that you can quite literally pick up and move. These include items such as medicine balls, barbells, dumbbells, kettlebells, sandbags, resistance bands and sandbells. Other examples could be
•Bench press

•DB flyes

•Prone flyes

•Lunge

•Deadlift

•Squat/goblet squat

Resistance Machine or Fixed weights move only in the plane and range dictated by the machine, so it's difficult to do anything wrong. Newcomers tend to find machines less intimidating than the free weights area, too. Uses more calories than machine workouts because more muscles are recruited to carry out the movement. Other examples could be •Triceps push down

•Bicep curl

•Leg press

•Seated adductor

•Seated abductor

•Leg extension

•Leg curl

Bodyweight exercises (also called bodyweight workouts) are strength-training exercises that use an individual's own weight to provide resistance against gravity. Bodyweight exercises can enhance a range of biomotor abilities including strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, coordination and balance.] Such strength training has become more popular among recreational and professional athletes. Bodyweight training uses simple abilities like pushing, pulling, squatting, bending, twisting and balancing. Movements such as the push-up, the pull-up, and the sit-up are among the most common bodyweight exercises.

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Res: Explain Free weights, Weight Training, and Body weight exercise by considering:

-          What TWO exercises could be included and what kit is needed (see list 1 below)

-          What areas does it target and is it easy to do (talk technique)

-          What adaptations can you make (easier/harder)

-          Advantages & Disadvantages / Similarities & Differences of each exercise

-          How would you use the exercise to suit people (elderly, children, pregnant)

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What are the benefits of  Groups Based Exercise?

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What are the benefits of  Groups Based Exercise?

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9 Benefits of Group Exercise Classes & Case Study | OriGym

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OriGym guide you through the benefits of Group Exercise, including the mental, physical and emotional benefits! Is group exercise something you want to try? Read to find out more.

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Group-based exercise programs were defined as a group of three or more participants taking part in an exercise class supervised by a health care provider
(Lemieux. et al 2020)

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What are the different types of Groups Based Exercise?

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What are the different types of Groups Based Exercise?

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CV: Explain some CV exercises used in circuit training by considering:

-          What THREE exercises could be included and what kit is needed (see list 2 below)

-          What areas does it target and is it easy to do (talk technique)

-          What adaptations can you make (easier/harder)

-          Advantages & Disadvantages / Similarities & Differences of each exercise

-          How would you use the exercise to suit people (elderly, children, pregnant)

Res: Explain some resistance exercise used in circuit training by considering:

-          What THREE exercises could be included and what kit is needed (see list 2 below)

-          What areas does it target and is it easy to do (talk technique)

-          What adaptations can you make (easier/harder)

-          Advantages & Disadvantages / Similarities & Differences of each exercise

-          How would you use the exercise to suit people (elderly, children, pregnant)

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How would you set up a group circuit training session

-          Show an example circuit training card (Name of exercise, diagram, teaching points, adaptations, alternatives.)

-          Show SQUARED or a CIRCULAR layout with you exercise choices

-          Use a between 5 and 8 stations

Include CV and resistance

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StretchCoach.com | Stretching and Flexibility

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Use circuit training exercises to improve all-round fitness and prevent sports injury.

Circuit training is one of my favorite training workouts, whether for myself personally, or for clients.

I use circuit training for injury rehabilitation programs, for sports conditioning of elite level athletes, for improving cardiovascular fitness, for increasing strength, and to help clients lose weight.

In fact, you can use circuit training for just about anything related to health, fitness or sport.

Who else uses circuit training?

I was introduced to circuit training by an exceptional sports coach by the name of Col Stewart. Col is one of those rare coaches who can take just about any sport, and devise a specific training program that always produces outstanding improvements for his athletes.

His circuit training workouts are largely responsible for the success of many of his world champion athletes. Including his son, Miles Stewart (World Champion Triathlete), Mick Doohan (World 500cc Motorcycle Champion), and countless others from sports as diverse as roller-skating, squash, and cycling. Many other coaches are also impressed by circuit training and use it regularly.

Brian Mackenzie from BrianMac.co.uk...
"Circuit training is an excellent way to simultaneously improve mobility, strength and stamina."

WorkoutsForWomen.com...
"Circuit training is one of the best methods of exercising as it provides excellent all round fitness, tone, strength, and a reduction of weight and inches. In short, maximum results in minimum time."

What is Circuit Training?

Circuit training consists of a consecutive series of timed exercises performed one after the other with varying amounts of rest between each exercise.

An example of a simple circuit training workout might consist of push-ups, sit-ups, squats, chin-ups and lunges. The workout may be structured as follows, and could be continually repeated as many times as is necessary.

Do as many push-ups as you can in 30 seconds, then rest for 30 seconds.

Do as many squats as you can in 30 seconds, then rest for 30 seconds.

Do as many sit-ups as you can in 30 seconds, then rest for 30 seconds.

Do as many lunges as you can in 30 seconds, then rest for 30 seconds.

Do as many chin-ups as you can in 30 seconds, then rest for 30 seconds.

What makes Circuit Training so good?

The quick pace and constant changing nature of circuit training places a unique type of stress on the body, which differs from normal exercise activities, like weight training and cardiovascular conditioning.

The demands of circuit training tend to prepare the body in a very even, all-round manner. Circuit training is one of the best ways I've found to condition your entire body (and mind).

There are many other reasons why circuit training is a fantastic form of exercise, and what most of these reasons come down to is flexibility. In other words, circuit training is totally customizable to your specific requirements. In fact, circuit training is a favorite form of exercise for the British Royal Marine Commandos because they tend to spend a lot of time on large ships. The confined spaces means that circuit training is sometimes the only form of exercise available to them.

Circuit training can be totally personalized. Whether you're a beginner, or an elite athlete, you can modify your circuit training workout to give you the best possible results.

A circuit training workout can be modified to give you exactly what you want. Whether you want an all-over body workout, or you just want to work on a specific body area, or you need to work on a particular aspect of your sport, this can all be accommodated.

Also, you can change the focus of your circuit training to emphasize strength, endurance, agility, speed, skill development, weight loss, or any other aspect of your fitness that is important to you.

Circuit training is time efficient. No wasted time in between sets: Maximum results in minimum time.

You can do circuit training just about anywhere. One of my favorite places for doing circuit training is at some of the parks and playground areas near where I live.

You don't need expensive equipment. You don't even need a gym membership. You can just as easily put together a great circuit training workout at home or in a park. By using your imagination, you can devise all sorts of exercises using things like chairs and tables, and even children's outdoor play equipment like swings and monkey bars.

Another reason why I like circuit training so much is that it's great fun to do in pairs or groups. Half the group exercises while the other half takes a rest and motivates the exercising members of the group.

The Main Types of Circuit Training

As mentioned before, circuit training can be totally customized, which means there are an unlimited number of ways to structure your circuit training workouts. However, here are a few examples to give you some idea of the different types available.

Timed Circuit: This type of circuit involves working to a set time period for both rest and exercise intervals. The work / rest time ratio can be customized to the group or individual doing the circuit. For example, a typical timed circuit for a group of people with average fitness might involve 30 seconds of exercise and 30 seconds of rest. Whereas a timed circuit for athletes might involve 80 seconds of exercise and 20 seconds of rest.

Competition Circuit: This is similar to a timed circuit but you push yourself to see how many repetitions you can do in the set time period. For example, you may be able to complete 12 push-ups in 30 seconds. The idea is to keep the time period the same, but try to increase the number of repetitions you can do in the set time period.

Repetition Circuit: This type of circuit is great if you're working with large groups of people who have different levels of fitness and ability. The idea is that the fittest group might do, say 20 repetitions of each exercise, the intermediate group might only do 15 repetitions, while the beginners might only do 10 repetitions of each exercise.

Sport Specific or Running Circuit: This type of circuit is best done outside or in a large, open area. Choose exercises that are specific to your particular sport, or emphasize an aspect of your sport you'd like to improve. Then instead of simply resting between exercises, run easy for 200 or 400 meters. You can even use sprints or fast 400 meter runs as part of your choice of exercises.

Circuit Training Precautions and Safety Guidelines

Circuit training is a fantastic form of exercise, however, the most common problem I find is that people tend to get over excited, because of the timed nature of the exercises, and push themselves harder than they normally would. This tends to result in sore muscles and joints, and an increased likelihood of injury. Below are a few precautions you need to take into consideration.

1. If you've never done any sort of circuit training before, even if you consider yourself quite fit, start off slowly. The nature of circuit training is quite different to any other form of exercise. It places different demand on the body and mind, and if you're not used to it, it will take a few sessions for your body to adapt to this new form of training. Be patient.

2. You're warm-up and cool-down are crucial. DO NOT start a circuit training workout without a thorough warm-up that includes stretching. As I mentioned before, circuit training is very different from other forms of exercise. Your body must be prepared for circuit training before you start your session.

3. You need to make stretching and flexibility training a regular part of your circuit training. The added intensity of circuits requires that your muscles and joints be flexible and supple.

While the recommendations on this page are a good place to start, you'll get a lot more benefit when you add the right stretches to your training program. With the Ultimate Guide to Stretching & Flexibility you'll...

You'll get 135 clear photographs and 44 video demonstrations of unique stretches for every major muscle groups in your body. Plus, the DVD includes 3 customized sets of stretches (8 minutes each) for the Upper Body; the Lower Body; and the Neck, Back & Core. And the Handbook will show you, step-by-step, how to perform each stretch correctly and safely. Plus, you'll also learn the 7 critical rules for safe stretching; the benefits of flexibility; and how to stretch properly.

If you want to improve your flexibility and loosen up stiff, tight muscles fast, check out the Ultimate Guide to Stretching & Flexibility for yourself.

Examples of Circuit Training Workouts

It's easy to design your own circuit training workouts and routines, and the best workout is usually the one you design yourself. The information in this article, along with the examples below, and a little bit of imagination, will help you put together the perfect circuit training workout.

Make sure you warm up before attempting any of the workouts below and take extra care to follow the precautions in the section above.

#1 - Repetition Circuit: A Total Body Circuit Training Workout

This circuit can be done individually, or in a group, and should take about 10 minutes to finish.

Beginners should take a 30 to 45 second rest after each exercise and a 3 to 5 minute rest after each circuit. Intermediate exercisers should take 20 seconds rest after each exercise and rest for 2 to 3 minutes after each circuit. While advanced exercisers should not rest until the end of each circuit.

1. Squat Jumps: 10 to 15 repetitions

2. Standard Push-ups: 10 to 15 repetitions

3. Calf Raises: 15 to 20 repetitions

4. Bench Dips: 10 to 15 repetitions

5. Abdominal Crunches: 15 to 20 repetitions

6. Jump Rope: 60 seconds

7. Squat Jumps: 10 to 15 repetitions

8. Standard Push-ups: 10 to 15 repetitions

9. Calf Raises: 15 to 20 repetitions

10. Bench Dips: 10 to 15 repetitions

11. Abdominal Crunches: 15 to 20 repetitions

12. Jump Rope: 60 seconds

#2 - Running Circuit: An Outdoor Running Circuit Training Workout

This circuit is done outdoors on flat ground or a running track, and can be done individually or in a group. Mark out a distance of 200 meters, then walk or run the 200 meters between each exercise until the rotation is completed. Feel free to use a time period for each exercise or a set number of repetitions. For example, complete 30 seconds of each exercise or 20 repetitions of each exercise.

Beginners can walk the 200 meters in between each exercise to catch their breath and prepare for the next exercise, while advanced exercisers should run the 200 meters.

1. Walking Lunges

2. Twist Crunches

3. Jumping Jacks

4. Push ups

5. Squats

6. Bench Dips

7. Squat Jumps

8. Push ups

9. Crunches

10. Walking Lunges

Research and References

Beachle, T. Earle, R. (2008). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, 3rd Edition (ISBN: 978-0736058032)

Eggar, R. Loraine, D. (1996). Royal Marines Circuit Training, 1st Edition (ISBN: 978-0091813291)

Gotshalk, L. Berger, R. Kraemer, W. (2004). Cardiovascular responses to a high-volume continuous circuit resistance training protocol. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(4) 760-764.

Klika, B. Jordan, C. (2013). HIGH-INTENSITY CIRCUIT TRAINING USING BODY WEIGHT: Maximum Results With Minimal Investment. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 17(3) 8-13.

Kraviz, L. (2005). New Insights into Circuit Training. Retrieved April 8, 2020, from http://www.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/circuits05.html.

Mackenzie, B. (1997). Circuit Training. Retrieved April 8, 2020, from https://www.brianmac.co.uk/circuit.htm.

Pollock, M. Gaesser, G. Butcher, J. Després, J. Dishman, R. Franklin, B. Garber, C. (1998). ACSM Position Stand: The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Healthy Adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 30(6) 975-991.

Sperlich, B. Wallmann-Sperlich, B. Zinner, C. Stauffenberg, V. Losert, H. Holmberg, H. (2017). Functional High-Intensity Circuit Training Improves Body Composition, Peak Oxygen Uptake, Strength, and Alters Certain Dimensions of Quality of Life in Overweight Women. Frontiers in Physiology, 03 April 2017.

Wikipedia contributors. (2020, January 30). Circuit training, In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.

About the Author: Brad Walker is often referred to as the "Stretch Coach" and has even been called the Stretching Guru. Magazines such as Runners World, Bicycling, Triathlete, Swimming & Fitness, and Triathlon Sports have all featured his work. Amazon ( author page) has listed his books on five Best-Seller lists. Google cites over 100,000 references to him and his work on the internet. And satisfied customers from 122 countries have sent 1,000's of verified customer reviews. If you want to know about stretching, flexibility or sports injury management, Brad Walker is the go-to-guy.

Disclaimer: The health and fitness information presented on this website is intended as an educational resource and is not intended as a substitute for proper medical advice. Please consult your physician or physical therapist before performing any of the exercises described on this website, particularly if you are pregnant, elderly or have any chronic or recurring muscle or joint pain.

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What is Circuit Training? | Examples of Circuit Training

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Use circuit training exercises to improve all-round fitness and prevent sports injury. Circuit training is one of my favorite training workouts, whether for myself personally, or for clients. I use circuit training for injury rehabilitation programs, for sports conditioning of elite level athletes, for improving cardiovascular fitness, for increasing strength, and to help clients lose weight.

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The role of a fitness instructor at Leyland Leisure Centre requires the selection of appropriate exercises so that participants can take part in cardiovascular training and resistance training. There are many different types of exercises that can be used for each type of training so it is important that you are able to select the correct ones for each type of client that you work with.

You will need to then plan and instruct an individual or group based exercise session depending upon the client or client groups you are working with.

1.       Define what GROUP ACTIVITY is and also what INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY is?

2.       Describe the order of what you are going to talk about

3.       Describe what CARDIOVASCULAR training is and why it is important to do

4.       Describe what RESISTANCE training is and why it is important to do

Using references from the internet

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What are the benefits of Cardiovascular Training?

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What are the benefits of Cardiovascular Training?

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Generaland physiological benefits of CV Training (Vanhees et al., 2012)

General Benefits

-General weight loss

-Increased energy levels

-Improved self-esteem

-Reduced stress

Sports Specific/Physiological Benefits

Reduced Resting Heart Rate

Increased Red Blood Cell (Erythrocyte) Production

Increased VO2 Max

Increase size and number of mitochondria

Cardiac hypertrophy

Increased stroke volume