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1608: Puritians Leave England For The Netherlands

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1608: Puritians Leave England For The Netherlands

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Puritians depart from England due to increasing persecution and socioeconomic pressures.

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1620: Puritans Leave Holland for the New World

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1620: Puritans Leave Holland for the New World

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Due to fears of losing their English culture and identity as their children grew up in the Netherlands and the increasingly secular nature of daily life in the Netherlands, the Puritans embarked for a journey across the Atlantic.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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1654: First Jewish Settlers arrive in America

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1654: First Jewish Settlers arrive in America

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Most Jewish people lived in the Port cities such as New York which were more diverse and had more opportunities for trade and commerce. They persecuted against, but were allowed in by the East India Company since they had money for investment. Jews would never become a significant proportion of the American population during the colonial period.

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The revival movement permanently affected Protestantism as adherents strove to renew individual piety and religious devotion; firmly entrenching puritanical values into American culture and society.

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The first Jewish place of worship in America was built in Newport Rhode Island

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1769: Mission San Diego Founded in California

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1769: Mission San Diego Founded in California

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Father Junipero Serra spearheaded the Spanish Missionary movement into the West Coast of New Spain, founding the first of a future system of many missions that sprawled across the region. This began both the spread of Catholicism among Native Americans in the region as well as a precipitous decline in their populations and welfare.

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The Second Great Awakening built on the goals of the first, individual piety and purity, by introducing outdoor revivals and emotional preaching as well as sparking a multitude of reform and utopian movements.

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1816: The African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) Founded

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1816: The African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) Founded

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Due to increasing discrimination and dispute between white and African members of the Philadelphia Methodist Episcopal Church, Richard Allen and many other prominent black Methodists banded together to form the AME initially in 1794, and then officially in 1816.

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Leader of the Mormon faith, a group that had experienced a great deal of persecution from other Americans, Joseph Smith was murdered by an angry mob in his cell 1844. He had been jailed for destroying the printing press of a local newspaper due to it printing negative press about his movement.

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Death of Joseph Smith- Internet Archive- The Rocky Mountain Saints by T. B. H. Stenhouse

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The Northern and Southern Baptist Churches officially split over the issue of slavery as tensions between North and South  continue to split the country. Prominent northern abolitionists often cited religious morals for their fight against slavery, while southern apologists for slavery often did the same for the opposite purpose.

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1850s-1860s: First Buddhist Temples in U.S.

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1850s-1860s: First Buddhist Temples in U.S.

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As Chinese and Japanese immigration began with the California gold rush and Hawaiian plantation labor demands, these immigrants also brought their faith and established a few temples primarily in the western United States.

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Japanese Buddhist temple in Hilo, Hawaii- Hathi Trust- from The Spirit of Missions, vol 71 (1906)

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The Theosophical Society, a highly important group for spreading awareness of eastern religions and spiritualities in the U.S. was founded in New York in 1875.

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The Supreme court decides that religious duty or belief is not a defense to a criminal charge.

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1925: The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes (The Scopes Monkey Trial)

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1925: The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes (The Scopes Monkey Trial)

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The 1925 prosecution of science teacher John Scopes for teaching evolution in a Tennessee public school. The highly publicized trial gave a great deal of attention to both evolution and anti-evolution movements in the U.S, and anti-evolution legislation was upheld in the U.S.

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1933: First Concentration Camp opens in Germany

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1933: First Concentration Camp opens in Germany

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Dachau opens its doors, just months after Hitler's ascension to power, beginning the systematic incarceration of Jews, clergy, and all other "enemies" of the Nazi state.

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Nazi German leadership meets to discuss and plan the beginning of "The Final Solution" and agree to open the 6 death camps that would be responsible for the majority of the organized mass murder committed by Nazi forces.

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1943: West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette

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1943: West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette

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Jehovah's Witnesses adherents motivate a ruling on compelling students to salute the flag or mandating a pledge of allegiance to be unconstitutional.

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April 26, 1945: Dachau Liberated by U.S. Troops

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April 26, 1945: Dachau Liberated by U.S. Troops

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American forces under Dwight D. Eisenhower discover the real horrors of the Nazi regime firsthand while liberating approximately 32,000 prisoners. 50 Nazi soldiers killed by American soldiers and camp victims in reprisals.

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The Moral Majority, founded by Baptist Minister Jerry Falwell Sr., was a Christian right wing political movement founded in opposition to the recent achievements of progressivism such as Roe v. Wade.

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The ATF attempt to execute a search warrant for alleged sexual abuse and illegal weapons violations at the Mount Carmel Center sparking a siege of the Branch Davidians' compound in Wako Texas. Four ATF agents were killed, 16 wounded, and 82 Branch Davidians were killed during two major assaults.

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Islamic extremists commit the most notorious terror attack in American history, sparking widespread panic and hatred against Muslims, Sikhs, and Arabs both at home and abroad. American Sikhs and Muslims alike still face attacks motivated by the Islamophobia sparked by this event.

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The Supreme Court decides in favor of protecting the right of Phelps and fellow members of the Westborough Baptist Church to picket outside of the funerals of homosexual soldiers under the Free Speech Clause.