# data[].attributes.body
NAME: CHEW SIN MEI

MATRIC NO: MS2417121683

# data[].attributes.body
1. The carbonyl group (C=O) is used to differentiate aldehydes and ketones from other classes of compounds.

2. Suitable tests to differentiate aldehydes and ketones are:

• Tollens’ test

• Fehling’s test

• 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) test

• Iodoform test

3. Unknown Y is an ketone

# data[].attributes.headline
2. Which of the following reagent cannot be used to differentiate aldehydes from ketones?

# data[].attributes.subject
2. Which of the following reagent cannot be used to differentiate aldehydes from ketones?

# data[].attributes.body
Answer: 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SK025 EXPERIMENT 6 ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

# data[].attributes.body
1. Tollens’ reagent is prepared by adding one drop of 10% NaOH to 2 mL of 0.3 M AgNO₃ in a boiling tube.

# data[].attributes.body
2. Five drops of ethanol, benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y are added to the 4 test tubes accordingly.

# data[].attributes.headline
Identify three everyday products that contain aldehydes or ketone

# data[].attributes.subject
Identify three everyday products that contain aldehydes or ketone

# data[].attributes.body
3. The test tubes are shaken.

# data[].attributes.body
i ) Many perfumes and fragrances contain aldehydes (like benzaldehyde) or ketones (like musk ketone) as key ingredients to provide pleasant and distinctive scents.

ii ) Aldehydes and ketones contribute significantly to the scent profiles of perfumes. Aldehydes like benzaldehyde provide a sweet, almond-like fragrance, while ketones such as musk ketone add a musky, long-lasting aroma. These compounds are responsible for enhancing and stabilizing the scent.

# data[].attributes.body
5.The mixtures are allowed to stand for 3 minutes. If no change is observed, the mixture is warmed in a water bath at 60–70°C for 5 minutes.

Observations are recorded.

# data[].attributes.body
4.One mL of Tollens’ reagent is added to each test tube and the mixtures are shaken gently.

# data[].attributes.body
1.Ten drops of I₂ in KI solution are placed into 3 mL of distilled water in a boiling tube.

# data[].attributes.body
2.Five drops of ethanol are added to the boiling tube and shaken gently.

# data[].attributes.body
3.10% NaOH is added to the boiling tube drop by drop until the color of the I₂ fades.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Approximately 1 mL of ethanol, benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y is placed into 4 separate test tubes.

# data[].attributes.body
2.Two mL of Fehling’s solution is added to each test tube.

# data[].attributes.body
5.Observations are recorded.

The above steps are repeated with benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y.

# data[].attributes.headline
3. What of the following compound will give the positive result toward Iodoform Test?

# data[].attributes.subject
3. What of the following compound will give the positive result toward Iodoform Test?

# data[].attributes.body
Answer: Ethanol

# data[].attributes.body
3.Approximately 1 mL of ethanol, benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y is placed into separate test tubes.

# data[].attributes.body
i ) Acetone, a well-known ketone, is utilized in the production of plastics and as a solvent in several plastic-related applications.

ii ) Acetone is used both in the manufacture of plastics and as a solvent. It helps in dissolving and forming plastic resins, making the processing of plastic materials quicker and more efficient. Its volatility allows for quick drying in applications like varnishes and adhesives.

# data[].attributes.body
5.Observations are recorded.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Approximately 1 mL of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine is placed into 4 separate test tubes.

# data[].attributes.body
4. The formation of a precipitate is observed.

Note: If no precipitate is observed, 2 mL of distilled water is added and the mixture is heated in a water bath at 60–70°C.

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : NURUL IWANI BINTI ABDUL JAMIL

MATRIC NO : MS2417120120

# data[].attributes.body
4. The mixture is heated in a hot water bath for 15–20 minutes.

# data[].attributes.body
4.The mixture is allowed to stand for 2 to 3 minutes. If no precipitate forms, the boiling tube is warmed in a water bath at 60–70°C.

# data[].attributes.body
i ) Formaldehyde, a common aldehyde, is often used as a preservative in household cleaning products to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.

ii ) Formaldehyde acts as a preservative in household cleaning products. Its role is to maintain the product's effectiveness over time by preventing the growth of bacteria and fungi. This ensures that the product stays safe and effective for use, even after extended storage.

# data[].attributes.headline
Briefly explain the role of the carbonyl compound in each

# data[].attributes.subject
Briefly explain the role of the carbonyl compound in each

# data[].attributes.headline
5. In the preparation of Tollens’ reagent, 5% ammonia solution must be added to the mixture of AgNO₃ and NaOH until ____________________.

# data[].attributes.subject
5. In the preparation of Tollens’ reagent, 5% ammonia solution must be added to the mixture of AgNO₃ and NaOH until ____________________.

# data[].attributes.body
Answer : The grey precipitate dissolves.

# data[].attributes.headline
4. What is the positive result for the reaction of aldehydes with Fehling’s Test?

# data[].attributes.subject
4. What is the positive result for the reaction of aldehydes with Fehling’s Test?

# data[].attributes.body
Answer: Brick red precipitate

# data[].attributes.body
3. The test tubes are shaken gently.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Aldehydes and Ketones - Occurrence, Preparation, Reactions, Uses, FAQS and videos of Aldehydes and Ketones.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Aldehydes and Ketones - Aldehydes and ketones constitute an important class of organic compounds containing the carbonyl functional group. If one substituent is hydrogen it is aldehyde. If there is no hydrogen it is ketone. Acetaldehyde and Acetone can be distinguished by Tollen’s reagents. Visit BYJU’S to learn more about the Preparation, Uses and FAQs of Aldehyde and Ketones

# data[].attributes.headline
Identify two precautions step to improve tye realibility of the experimental of results

# data[].attributes.subject
Identify two precautions step to improve tye realibility of the experimental of results

# data[].attributes.body
1. While using waterbath for heating , put the boiling tube in the plastic test tube rack . Using the plastic test tube , the possibility for the solution to split out from the boiling tube will be reduce

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones: Formulas, Physical & Chemical Uses

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learn in detail about the uses of Aldehydes and Ketones. Know various applications in real life. Practice formulas & structures at Embibe

# data[].attributes.headline
List ONE problem encountered for this experiment

# data[].attributes.subject
List ONE problem encountered for this experiment

# data[].attributes.body
1. difficult to get silver mirror on the wall of teh test tube

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones: Compounds, Different Uses, Videos, Q&A

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
What are the smallest ketone and simplest aldehyde? The simplest aldehyde is formaldehyde and the smallest ketone is acetone. Aldehydes and ketones in combination with other functional groups are widely available in nature. There are many essential uses of aldehydes and ketones and they form an

# data[].attributes.headline
1. Identify the functional group of the above compound.

# data[].attributes.subject
1. Identify the functional group of the above compound.

# data[].attributes.body
Answer : Ketone

# data[].attributes.body
1. Compound M has a molecular formula of C₈H₈O.

When M was warmed with alkaline iodine, a yellow precipitate was obtained.

M reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to give an orange precipitate.

(a) Name the yellow precipitate and write its molecular formula.

The yellow precipitate is tri-iodomethane (iodoform).

Its molecular formula is CHI₃.

(b) What is the functional group present in M?

The reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) confirms the presence of a carbonyl functional group (C=O).

Since it also reacts with alkaline iodine, it must be a methyl ketone (R-CO-CH₃).

The functional group present in M is ketone (-C=O).

2. Suggest one chemical test to distinguish between propanone from propanal. Explain.

Test: Tollens' reagent (ammoniacal silver nitrate solution)

Explanation:

Propanal (an aldehyde) reacts with Tollens' reagent, producing a silver mirror on the test tube walls due to the oxidation of propanal to propanoic acid.

Propanone (a ketone) does not react with Tollens' reagent because ketones cannot be easily oxidized.

3. Explain why both propanol and propanone are very soluble in water.

Propanol (CH₃CH₂CH₂OH) contains a hydroxyl (-OH) group, which can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, making it highly soluble.

Propanone (CH₃COCH₃) contains a polar carbonyl (-C=O) group, which also interacts with water molecules via dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding.

Since both molecules can form strong hydrogen bonds with water, they are highly soluble in water.

# data[].attributes.body
2.5% NH₃ is added dropwise until the precipitate dissolves.