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3D-printing is not new. " '3D-printing' is defined as the manufacturing of solid objects by the deposition of layers of material (such as plastic) in accordance with specifications that are stored and displayed in electronic form as a digital model" (Merriam-Webster, n.d.) A subset of 3D-printing, called " 'additive manufacturing', instead of the old approach of carving a usable part out of a large block of material, additive manufacturing builds an object up layer by layer" (Greenemeier, n.d.). Additive manufacturing is what is being used in the exciting new field of 3D-printing of pills that would essentially eliminate polypharmacy in the traditional sense and instead replace multiple medications into one pill (Paul, 2024). This "polypill" would then be able to help "treat diseases requiring the release of multiple drugs at different times" (Paul, 2024, p. 1). As of this date, there have been only two FDA approved 3D-printed medication, Spritam (levetiracetam), approved in 2015 and manufactured by Aprecia Pharmaceuticals, LLC (USA) and Triastek's (China) T19 medication for rheumatoid arthritis approved in 2021 (Wang et al., 2023).

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One 3D-printed ‘polypill’ could fit an entire day’s medications

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‘The future of prescribed medication lies in a personalized approach.’

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Of all the 3D-Printing out there, let's look at the number 5 slot:  Drugs

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Of all the 3D-Printing out there, let's look at the number 5 slot:  Drugs

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XYLRaVqzNY&t=178s

Many new exciting avenues for 3D-Printing, especially in healthcare that are currently being used. Most importantly, many new pharmaceuticals in the pipeline!

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The Ultimate List of What We Can 3D Print in Healthcare - The Medical Futurist

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Prasco, LLC and Aprecia Pharmaceuticals, LLC. (2023, July 12). Making medicine using 3D printing. SPRITAM ® (levetiracetam). https://spritam.com/making-medicine-using-3d-printing/

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In order to participate in the SPRITAM Serve Savings Program ("Program"), you must have a valid prescription for SPRITAM® (levetiracetam) Tablets for Oral Suspension and meet the eligibility requirements set forth herein. By using this Program, the user certifies that he or she (i) is over the age of 18, (ii) is the patient or the patient's caregiver and has the patient's consent to use this offer, and (iii) meets the eligibility criteria and will comply with the terms and conditions of the Program set forth below. Patients with questions about the Program should call (844) 777-4826. The Program consists of three separate offerings, each of which has certain unique eligibility requirements and limitations, as further described below. Each patient is limited to one Program offering and none of the Program offerings may be combined.
A. Retail Pharmacy Electronic Voucher (e-voucher) Program
The SPRITAM Serve E-voucher can be applied to eligible claims at retail pharmacies who participate in Relay Health's e-voucher programs. The e-voucher will be automatically applied to eligible prescriptions at the time of adjudication by Relay Health through the participating pharmacy. The E-voucher is available to:

1. Commercially insured patients whose plan covers SPRITAM with a co-pay that exceeds $10 for a 30-day supply. For such patients, Prasco, LLC buys down a one-month, 60-tablet supply to a patient co-pay as low as $10. The maximum SPRITAM Serve E-voucher amount for 60 tablets is $390 per 30-day supply for commercially covered claims.

2. Commercially insured patients whose plan does not cover SPRITAM. For such patients, Prasco, LLC buys down a one-month, 60-tablet supply to as low as $75. The SPRITAM Serve E-voucher offers a maximum benefit of $2,000 per patient per calendar year for uncovered patients.

The patient is responsible for any costs once these limits are reached.

The SPRITAM Serve E-voucher is not available to uninsured patients.
B. Spritam Serve Savings Coupon ("Coupon")
The SPRITAM Serve Coupon can be applied to eligible claims . Patients must present the Coupon card to the pharmacist along with a valid SPRITAM prescription. The Coupon is available to:

1. Commercially insured patients whose plan covers SPRITAM with a co-pay that exceeds $10 for a 30-day supply. For such patients, Prasco, LLC buys down a one-month, 60 tablet supply to a patient co-pay as low as $10. The Coupon is limited to 12 fills per calendar year for commercially covered claims. The SPRITAM Serve Coupon offers a maximum benefit of $5,000 per patient per calendar year for insured patients with coverage for SPRITAM.

2. Commercially insured patients whose plan does not cover SPRITAM or uninsured patients. For such patients, Prasco, LLC buys down a one-month 60-tablet supply to a patient co-pay as low as $10. The SPRITAM Serve Coupon offers a maximum benefit of $2,500 per patient per calendar year for uncovered or uninsured patients.

The patient is responsible for any costs once these limits are reached.
C. Blink Health Specialty Pharmacy Savings Program
Prasco, LLC has partnered with Blink Health Pharmacy, LLC ("Blink Health") to offer savings to commercially insured patients. SPRITAM prescriptions eligible for The SPRITAM Serve Blink Health must be filled and dispensed by Blink Health or one of its participating partner pharmacies. The SPRITAM Serve Blink Health offering is available to:

1. Commercially insured patients whose plan covers SPRITAM with a co-pay that exceeds $10 for a 30-day supply. For such patients, Prasco, LLC buys down a one-month, 60 tablet supply to a patient co-pay as low as $10.

2. Commercially insured patients whose plan does not cover SPRITAM or uninsured patients. For such patients, Prasco, LLC buys down a one-month 60-tablet supply to a patient co-pay as low as $75.

The SPRITAM Serve Blink Health offerings offers a maximum benefit of $5,000 per patient per calendar year. The patient is responsible for any costs once these limits are reached.
General Spritam Serve Savings Program Terms and Conditions
The following terms and conditions are applicable to each offering under the Program.

Patient savings may vary based on insurance coverage and tablet amount. Prescriptions must be written to a pharmacy that has elected to participate in the applicable Program offering. Maximum coverage limits and exclusions apply and vary by savings vehicle as described above in sections A, B and C. The Program is good for a maximum of 365 days of therapy (limited to 60 tablets per month) over 12 months and will renew for an additional 12-months after the conclusion of each 12-month period. The patient is responsible for any costs once the applicable limit is reached during the applicable period. The Program is subject to change at any time.

The Program is not valid (i) for use by patients who are covered by any federal or state funded health care program (including, but not limited to, Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, VA or DoD), or (ii) where the patient's insurance plan reimburses for the entire cost of the drug. The value of this Program is exclusively for the benefit of patients and is intended to be credited towards patient out-of-pocket obligations. The Program is not valid where prohibited by law. The patient may not seek reimbursement for the value received from this offer from other parties, including any health insurance program or plan, flexible spending account, or health care savings account. The patient is responsible for complying with any applicable limitations and requirements of their health plan related to the use of the savings Program. Valid only in the United States where copay savings programs are allowable by law. This offer is not health insurance. Offer may not be combined with any third-party rebate, coupon, or offer. Proof of purchase may be required. By using this offer, you are certifying that you meet the eligibility criteria and will comply with the terms and conditions of the Program.

Prasco, LLC reserves the right to rescind, revoke or amend this program without notice at any time.

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Making Medicine Using 3D Printing - SPRITAM ® (levetiracetam)

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In order to participate in the SPRITAM Serve Savings Program ("Program"), you must have a valid prescription for SPRITAM® (levetiracetam) Tablets for Oral Suspension and meet the eligibility requirements set forth herein.

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治汇网络科技(上海)有限公司-高端网站建设-Https://www.vthinks.net. (2023, November 7). Triastek Debuts at CIIE, Joining Siemens and other partners bringing . Triastek debuts at CIIE, joining Siemens and other partners bringing-news-三迭纪 Triastek. https://www.triastek.com/detail/27.html#:~:text=In%20July%202022%2C%20Triastek’s%203D,FDA%20in%20the%20United%20States.

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What goes into the process of manufacturing medications via 3D-Printing

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What goes into the process of manufacturing medications via 3D-Printing

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Wang, S., Chen, X., Han, X., Hong, X., Li, X., Zhang, H., Li, M., Wang, Z., & Zheng, A. (2023, January 26). A review of 3D printing technology in Pharmaceutics: Technology and Applications, now and future. Pharmaceutics. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9962448/#sec8-pharmaceutics-15-00416

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A Review of 3D Printing Technology in Pharmaceutics: Technology and Applications, Now and Future

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Three-dimensional printing technology, also called additive manufacturing technology, is used to prepare personalized 3D-printed drugs through computer-aided model design. In recent years, the use of 3D printing technology in the pharmaceutical…

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customization of a particular drug is possible, and customization for a particular group in the population (children, elderly, those with specific disease processes that require specific medications that are unable to be standardized)

3D-Printing has the flexibility for time-released medications to be readily adjusted prior to printing/manufacturing

end products can be made easier and faster and do not require large machinery or large changes in processes during production (multiple medications can be made in one production versus the current process of standardized manufacturing of pharmaceuticals where it is tedious and time consuming to change the machinery to start producing a different drug) (Wang et al., 2023).

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reports that some of the drugs that are layered in the "polypill" form are not being released/no Quality Assurance guaranteed practices at this time (Yasin et al., 2024).

lack of appropriate materials and lack of manufacturers at this time

no real regulatory bodies checking for patient safety practices, legal jurisdictions, manufacturing licenses, etc., at this time (Basit and Trenfield, 2022).

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I have never heard of this innovation, and I didn't even know they had it available for people who were taking Keppra. I believe that this type of innovation would be so helpful for anyone on multiple medications, especially those who have to take certain medications in the morning as well as in the evening, like my mother. Because it is such a new innovation, there are only two medications currently approved by the FDA, it is still too early to say if it would be effective in the long run. In my readings, it says is more cost effective and less of an issue regarding the processing footprint goes, like the machinery is smaller than the standardized way medications are being made, but I feel the process is complicated with adding multiple layers of medication at different rates and different time release contingencies. In addition, there is no way to know for sure how effective the polypill is as right now, it doesn't seem like there is that much reporting or regulatory practices in place to make sure patients are indeed getting the right dosages at the right time. I'm sure that companies are racing the clock with trying to get rid of the hiccups but I believe we still have a long way to go with regards to coming up with a decent "polypill."

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My top 5 CliftonStrengths as related to by Gallup (2024), are developer, empathy, communication, activator, and relator. As a developer and relator type, I am able to encourage others while also striving to complete a task to the best of my and my team's ability. As one who is strong with empathy and communication, I can convey my thoughts and emotions to where all ideas would be considered and no one would feel that they weren't able to contribute. As an activator, I would lead the team by formulating a plan and implementing it not just have ideas circulating around.

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Carlee-Carlee is a great problem-solver and she is good at executing ideas via her CliftonStrengths of consistency. I feel she will keep the team on track and if we run into any issues with evaluating the product, she will be able to present different ways of looking at what the team isn't seeing. She's a great brainstormer.

Faith-Faith's CliftonStrengths strength is being futuristic. Our evaluation of a polypill that will essentially eliminate the need for taking multiple pills, is not difficult for Faith to fathom. She has an ingenuity about her and she can think outside the box, which is what will be needed in evaluating if this polypill can be distributed worldwide for all populations to benefit from.

Daisy-Daisy is similar to me, in that we both are developers and become enthused and inspired when the team is able to work in sync. Daisy is a great motivator and is a supportive member that will help us push through to make our deadlines on time.

Matthew-Matthew's CliftonStrengths strength is one of a maximizer. Matthew is a natural born leader, but he can also be trusted to rework a problem and make sure that the team gets back on track. In the event of a setback, I can trust that Matthew will redirect all efforts to finalizing the project efficiently.

Sheila-What Sheila brings to the team is her unique way of identifying risks and being able to formulate several plans of actions in the event our proposed plan goes awry. She is very strategic and focused but she also understands that we have to prepare for the unexpected-if our polypill doesn't deliver what it's supposed to for the patient, what will we need to do to make sure the patient is safe and that we can find another alternative.