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The author argues that AI is not equivalent to human intelligence or thought. Instead, it is an imitation of human intelligence that requires a lot of data. Therefore, the humanities are needed in questioning the AI craze.

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AI depends on massive data and human labor, not creativity or thought.

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Mouth without a brain: describes how AI talks but doesn't understand

Machine intelligence: to explain how computers mimic thinking with data

Anti-thought: basic writing without real ideas

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AI is not true intelligence instead it just imitates human thinking.

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Since AI can only mimic language without genuine understanding, people must be responsible for their own judgment, meaning, and ethical thinking.

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"They often “hallucinate” sources and make up facts" (Goodlad & Baker).

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"With the explosion of human data on the web, smartphones, social media, and an everexpanding “internet of things,” “Big Data” became a form of capital, while scale—the quantity of training data and the size of the model that mined it—promised to deliver new kinds of power and knowledge" (Goodlad & Baker).

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"As if assuming that human
words are never anything but bullshit, text generators sell a fantasy of writing as a frictionless act that borders on anti-thought" (Goodlad and Baker).

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"The effort to detoxify ChatGPT required Kenyans earning less than $2 per hour to label graphic content at high speed including child sexual abuse, bestiality, murder, suicide, torture, self harm, and incest” (Goodlad and Baker).

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AI often gives false or misleading information.

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"Because such models mimic the human-generated idiocies in their scraped internet data, GPT-3 was found to emit “persistent toxic” content, “severe” bias against Muslims, and “misconceptions” that include conspiracy theories, climate change denial, and pseudo-scientific beliefs" (Goodlad & Baker).

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The world has to count on human judgment and critical thinking to stop the spread of false information because AI cannot verify the truth.

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AI’s progress relies on global inequality and exploitation, which raises ethical and social concerns about who benefits from AI.

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“The human brain evolved over 500 million years to help people make sense of a world of multifarious objects... deprived of any such biological or social affordances, today’s machine learning models require arsenals of computer power and thousands of examples"(Goodlad & Baker).

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Big tech corporations control AI for profit

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"GPT-3... was funded by Microsoft... it is estimated to have required about $5 million in ‘compute’ for training alone... Microsoft invested $10 billion in OpenAI in exchange for a 49 percent stake" (Goodlad & Baker).

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“As the cost of training new models has risen... ‘AI’ increasingly becomes an engine for consolidating monopoly power" (Goodlad & Baker).

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AI is shaped by large corporations for financial gain, restricting fairness, equity, and open access to information.

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AI threatens authentic writing as well as learning.

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"The marketers of these systems encourage students to regard their writing as task-specific transactions, performed to earn a grade and disconnected from communication or learning" (Goodlad & Baker).

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"A tool for passing off “anti-thought” as if it were accountable human writing could encourage a new-fangled Newspeak" (Goodlad & Baker).

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AI tools have the ability to damage real learning and creativity, turning writing from a critical expression to a computerized result.

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The humanities can challenge and guide AI.

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“Humanists—including those who teach writing as a medium of public communication, shared experience, democratic dialogue, artistic experiment, and new knowledge—are ideal ‘domain experts’ for the current juncture" (Goodlad & Baker).

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“In the longer run, humanities educators can be leaders in helping students and the public to grasp the possibilities and perils of language models and other ‘generative AI" (Goodlad & Baker).

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The humanities foster critical thinking, ethics, and awareness. These skills are needed to guide technology responsibly and protect human understanding.