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Example 1

Name: Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III)

Area assessed: Cognitive, language, motor, socio-emotional, and adaptive behavior

Target population: Infants and toddlers, 1–42 months

Description: Comprehensive developmental scale used to identify delays and strengths.

Example of use: Applied in early stimulation programs to detect developmental delays and design individualized interventions.

Example 2

Name: MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI)

Area assessed: Language development

Target population: Infants and toddlers, 8–37 months

Description: Parent-report checklist measuring vocabulary, gestures, and early grammar.

Example of use: Used by psychologists and educators to monitor early communication skills and support language stimulation.

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Assessment instruments in psychology are standardized tools, methods, or procedures used to gather information about an individual’s abilities, behaviors, personality, or development. They help professionals make informed decisions regarding diagnosis, intervention, or support.

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2. Characteristics of Assessment Instruments

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2. Characteristics of Assessment Instruments

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Every assessment instrument should meet the following features:

Validity → Measures what it is intended to measure.

Reliability → Produces consistent and stable results over time.

Standardization → Administered and scored in a consistent way across individuals.

Relevance → Aligned with the developmental area being evaluated.

Practicality → Feasible to apply within time, resources, and context.

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By Area:

Cognitive

Motor

Language

Socio-emotional

Adaptive behavior

By Type:

Standardized tests

Checklists

Observational tools

Developmental scales

Structured or semi-structured interviews

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1. Bayley, N. (2006). Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III). San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment.

2. Fenson, L., Marchman, V. A., Thal, D. J., Dale, P. S., Reznick, J. S., & Bates, E. (2007). MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories: User’s Guide and Technical Manual (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Brookes.

3. American Psychological Association. (2023). Dictionary of Psychology. https://dictionary.apa.org