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What does gender equality mean in the 21st century? Can you give examples of gender equality (or inequality) in Hungary or your country?

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Female empowerment is about inspiring women to realize their potential. How can education and work environments help empower women? Add your thoughts or examples!

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A patriarchal society is structured around male authority. Can you identify ways in which society still supports patriarchal values?

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Affirmative action ensures opportunities for underrepresented groups. Debate: Does affirmative action work—or can it have unintended effects?

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Why is social justice central to gender equality? How can we pursue greater justice in our communities? Share an inspiring story or initiative.

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What factors contribute to the gender pay gap, both globally and in Hungary? Use data or examples to support your ideas. Discuss solutions.

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The 'glass ceiling' refers to invisible barriers preventing women from reaching top positions. Do you know women who have experienced this? How can organizations break the glass ceiling?

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Representation matters! Are women fairly represented in politics, business, and media in Hungary? How does representation affect society?

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Systemic discrimination is built into the structures of society. How can we identify and dismantle such discrimination? Suggest educational or policy changes.

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Gender-based violence (GBV) is an ongoing crisis. How can education, law, and community work together to prevent GBV? Share a campaign or resource.

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🔑 Key Vocabulary with Examples

1. Gender bias

Explanation: Unequal treatment or unfair assumptions about people because of their gender.

Example: Gender bias in hiring practices often prevents equally qualified women from getting the same opportunities as men.

2. Empowerment

Explanation: Giving people the confidence, power, and control to make their own decisions.

Example: Education is one of the most effective tools for the empowerment of women.

3. Close the gender gap

Explanation: Reduce differences between men and women, especially in pay, opportunities, or representation.

Example: Many governments are working to close the gender gap in political leadership.

4. Challenge traditional roles

Explanation: Question or reject old-fashioned expectations about what men and women “should” do.

Example: More men are starting to challenge traditional roles by becoming stay-at-home fathers.

5. Promote inclusivity

Explanation: Create an environment where everyone feels valued and included, regardless of gender, race, or background.

Example: Workshops on diversity can help companies promote inclusivity in the workplace.

6. Advocate for change

Explanation: Publicly support new ideas or reforms to improve society.

Example: She advocates for change in laws that limit women’s access to healthcare.

🎓 Academic Lexis

7. Marginalization

Explanation: The process of pushing a group to the edge of society, with less power or importance.

Example: The marginalization of women in politics prevents diverse voices from being heard.

8. Systemic barriers

Explanation: Deep-rooted obstacles in social, legal, or political systems that prevent equality.

Example: Systemic barriers, such as discriminatory laws, make it harder for women to own property in some countries.

9. Legislative reform

Explanation: Changes in laws to improve fairness or address problems.

Example: Legislative reform is needed to guarantee equal pay for equal work.

10. Social justice

Explanation: The fair distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges in society.

Example: Feminism is part of a larger fight for social justice.

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🇺🇸 United States

Progress

There is increasing awareness of the need for constitutional equality, especially via the push for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to explicitly guarantee sex equality. Equality Now+1

Laws exist prohibiting sex/gender discrimination, and many organizations and movements are active in pushing for more legal protections and reforms. Equality Now+1

Challenges / Areas of concern

The gender pay gap is still substantial. Women working full-time/full year in the U.S. earn about 83 cents for every dollar earned by men. redyellowblue.org

Disparities are even worse when race and ethnicity are considered: for example Black women and Latina women often earn significantly less compared to white men. redyellowblue.org

Maternal mortality is high relative to other developed countries, and increasing in recent years. Goverment Accountability Office

Child marriage remains legal in many states, with only a minority of states having set minimum marriage age at 18 with no exceptions. Equality Now

Some rights (e.g. reproductive rights, marriage statutes) vary significantly by state, creating inconsistent protections. Goverment Accountability Office+1

🇬🇧 United Kingdom

While I didn’t find a recent highly detailed report in my search for the UK today, some general patterns are similar to the U.S.:

Gender pay gap exists, though smaller than in the U.S., but still persistent.

Women are better represented in many sectors and leadership than in past decades, but under-representation remains in top leadership, especially in corporate boards.

Issues like sexual harassment, access to reproductive healthcare, and balancing work and family responsibilities are ongoing topics of concern.

If you like, I can pull up very recent UK data to compare more precisely.