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朱宇文老師的語法補充

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IC 語法 Level 2 L1~L20

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Reference:Integrated Chinese: Level 2 (3rd ed) - Chinese Grammar Wiki

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Integrated Chinese: Level 2, by Cheng & Tsui, is one of the leading intermediate-level ( B1) textbooks in the United States. It is not available for purchase in mainland China.

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IC 語法 L1P2

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Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2, by Cheng & Tsui, is one of the leading elementary-level ( A2) textbooks in the United States. It is not available for purchase in mainland China.

Grammar Points by Chapter

1. Lesson Eleven

2. Lesson Twelve

3. Lesson Thirteen

4. Lesson Fourteen

5. Lesson Fifteen

6. Lesson Sixteen

7. Lesson Seventeen

8. Lesson Eighteen

9. Lesson Nineteen

10. Lesson Twenty

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Reference:Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) - Chinese Grammar Wiki

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Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2, by Cheng & Tsui, is one of the leading elementary-level ( A2) textbooks in the United States. It is not available for purchase in mainland China.

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IC 語法 L1P1

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Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed), by Cheng & Tsui, is one of the leading foundation-level ( A1) textbooks in the United States. It is not available for purchase in mainland China. The following information pertains specifically to the 3rd edition.

Grammar Points by Table of Contents

Grammar Point References to This Book

pp. 101 Suggestions with "ba", 66 ()

pp. 108 The "all" adverb "dou", 53-4 ()

pp. 14, 110, 162 Direction complement, 118 ()

pp. 141-4 Comparing "bu" and "mei", 137-9 ()

pp. 149-50 Topic-comment sentences, 260 ()

pp. 14 Using the verb "jiao", 24-5 ()

pp. 170 Verbs preceded by "gei", 154 ()

pp. 24, 67 Questions with "ne", 49 ()

pp. 32, 100 Structure of numbers, 70-1 ()

pp. 42 Basic sentence order, 10 ()

pp. 477-484 Actions in a row, 207-8 ()

pp. 50, 114 Structure of dates, 73-4 ()

pp. 50 Using the verb "qu", 106 ()

pp. 58 Measure word "ge", 21-2 ()

pp. 59 Counting money, 88-9 ()

pp. 60 Tag questions with "ma", 144-45 ()

pp. 83 Using the verb "xing", 22-3 ()

pp. 83 Separable verb, 208 ()

pp. 98 The "also" adverb "ye", 31-2 ()

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Reference:Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) - Chinese Grammar Wiki

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Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed), by Cheng & Tsui, is one of the leading foundation-level ( A1) textbooks in the United States. It is not available for purchase in mainland China. The following information pertains specifically to the 3rd edition. pp. 101 Suggestions with "ba", 66 () pp.

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中文語法 B2

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B2 grammar points - Chinese Grammar Wiki

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"B2" (Upper Intermediate) is the fourth level, as defined by the European Common Framework, which is used on this Chinese Grammar Wiki. It is roughly equivalent to HSK Level 4. For more information on the levels used here, see the Grammar Points by Level page.

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中文語法 B1

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B1 grammar points - Chinese Grammar Wiki

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"B1" (Intermediate) is the third level as defined by the European Common Framework. It is roughly equivalent to HSK Level 3. For more information on the levels used throughout this wiki, see the Grammar Points by Level page.

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中文語法 A

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A2 grammar points - Chinese Grammar Wiki

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"A2" (Elementary) is the second level used on this Chinese Grammar Wiki. It is roughly equivalent to HSK Level 2.

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中文語法 A1

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"A1" (Beginner) is the first and lowest level used on the Chinese Grammar Wiki. It is roughly equivalent to HSK Levels 1-2.

There are 40 total grammar points in the list below.

Parts of Speech

These following grammar points fit pretty neatly into one part of speech category.

Conjunctions

Auxiliary verbs

Verb phrases

Grammatical Structures

These are grammatical structures that do not correspond to one particular part of speech.

Question Forms

Comparisons of Similar Grammar Points

What's the difference between this grammar point and that grammar point? Check here.

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A1 grammar points - Chinese Grammar Wiki

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"A1" (Beginner) is the first and lowest level used on the Chinese Grammar Wiki. It is roughly equivalent to HSK Levels 1-2 . There are 40 total grammar points in the list below. These following grammar points fit pretty neatly into one part of speech category.

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華語語法活動小錦囊

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Learn Chinese Help - Free audio Mandarin lessons & songs - Easy Fun Effective

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"It is the characteristic of the magnanimous man to ask no favor but to be ready to do kindness to others."

Aristotle quotes (Ancient Greek Philosopher, Scientist and Physician, 384 BC-322 BC)

The quote is very great, but people are social creatures. From small favors to grander ones, sometimes, we have to ask someone for help. It's human nature and no one can live the life alone. In order to live a smoother life in a Chinese spoken world, it is important for you to learn how to ask for a favor.

Consider different readers' Chinese levels, I arranged the lesson with the following sections:

Chinese text with audio, Chinese text with pinyin and audio, annotated Chinese text with pinyin, Chinese text with pinyin and English translation, vocabulary, grammar and an introduction of the most famous classic Chinese poem - Quiet Night Thought by the great Chinese poet Li Bai. You won't be able to master this lesson in one day or two days, I suggest you spend one week to master it. It means you have to listen to the recording daily, review it daily, and at the end of the week, you will be able to see your leaping progress!

1 Chinese text with audio

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A 你好。我能不能请你帮我一个忙？
B 你需要我帮你什么忙？
A 我有一个中文问题不知道怎么做。
B 什么问题你说说看。
A 我的中文老师要我翻译一首唐诗。
B 是什么诗？
A 是静夜诗。
B 哦，是李白的诗啊。
你要我帮你翻译是不是？
A 是的，你愿意吗？
B 我愿意，只是我现在没时间。明天好吗？我明天可以帮你。
A 行， 行， 就明天。真是谢谢你。
B 不客气， 明天见。

2 Chinese text with pinyin and audio

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A 你好。我能不能请你帮我一个忙？
nǐhǎo. Wǒ néngbùnéng qǐng nǐ bāng wǒ yī ge máng ?
B 你需要我帮你什么忙？
nǐ xūyào Wǒ bāng nǐ shénme máng ?
A 我有一个中文问题不知道怎么做。
Wǒ yǒu Yī ge Zhōngwén wèntí bù zhīdào zěnme zuò .
B 什么问题你说说看。
shénme wèntí nǐ shuōshuo kàn .
A 我的中文老师要我翻译一首唐诗。
Wǒ de Zhōngwén lǎoshī yào Wǒ fānyì yī shǒu tángshī.
B 是什么诗？
shì shénme shī ?
A 是静夜诗。
shì jìng yè shī .
B 哦，是李白的诗啊。
ò , shì Lǐ Bái de shī ā .
你要我帮你翻译是不是？
nǐ yào Wǒ bāng nǐ fānyì shì bù shì ?
A 是的，你愿意吗？
shì de , nǐ yuànyì ma ?
B 我愿意，只是我现在没时间。明天好吗？我明天可以帮你。
Wǒ yuànyì , zhǐ shì Wǒ xiànzài méi shíjiān . míngtiān hǎo ma ?
A 行， 行， 就明天。真是谢谢你。
xíng , xíng , jiù míngtiān . zhēnshì xièxie nǐ .
B 不客气， 明天见。
bù kèqì , míng tiān jiàn .

3 annotated Chinese text with pinyin,

A 你好[nǐ hǎo, nǐ pronoun you, hǎo adjective, good, the phrase literally means you good. It is a common greeting in Chinese, like saying "how are you"] 。我[wǒ, pronoun, I] 能[néng, adjective, able] 不能[bù néng, bù negate word, néng adjective able; it means not able ] 请[qǐng, verb, ask] 你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 帮[bāng, verb, help] 我[wǒ, pronoun, I or me] 一个[yī gè, yī number one, gè, measure word] 忙[máng, noun, favor] ？
B 你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 需要[xū yào, verb phrase, need] 我[wǒ, pronoun, I or me] 帮[bāng, verb help] 你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 什么[shén me, adjective, what] 忙[máng, noun, originally mean busy, here means favor] ？
A 我[wǒ, pronoun, I] 有[yǒu, verb, have] 一个[yī gè, yī, number one, gè, measure word ] 中文[zhōng wén, proper noun, Chinese] 问题[wèn tí, noun, question] 不[bù, negate word, not ]知道 [zhī dào, verb phrase, understand or know] 怎么[zěn me, adverb, how] 做[zuò, verb, do] 。
B 什么[shén me, adjective, what] 问题[wèn tí, noun phrase, question] 你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 说说[shuō shuo, verb reduplication means the same as one word shuo, say] 看[kàn, verb, see] 。
A 我的[wǒ de, possessive pronoun] 中文[zhōng wén, proper noun, Chinese] 老师[lǎo shī, noun, teacher] 要[yāo, verb, want] 我[wǒ, pronoun, me] 翻译[fān yì, verb, translate] 一[yī, number one] 首[shǒu, measure word for poem] 唐[táng, pronoun noun, Tang Dynasty] 诗[shī, noun, poem] 。
B 是[shì, verb, is] 什么[shén me, adjective, what] 诗[shī, noun, poem] ？
A 是[shì, verb, is] 静[jìng, adjective, quiet] 夜[yè, noun, night] 诗[shī, noun, poem] 。
B 哦[é, exclamation used to expression emotion, here refers to the emotion of understanding something] ，是[shì, verb, is] 李白[lǐ bái, person name, one of the great poet in Tang Dynasty] 的[de, particle to connect the attributive and the noun it modifies] 诗[shī, noun, poem] 啊[ā, exclamation, Used to express a range of emotions including surprise, pleasure, sympathy, realization or understanding.] 。
你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 要[yāo, verb, want] 我[wǒ, pronoun, me] 帮[bāng, verb, help] 你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 翻译[fān yì, verb, translate] 是不是[shì bù shì, shì -verb, is, bù - negate word, not shì- verb, is; so together shì bù shì means is or is not or yes or no] ？
A 是的[shì de, exclamation, used to give an affirmative response ] ，你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 愿意[yuàn yì, adjective, willing] 吗[ma, question marker or question particle to change a statement to a yes or no question ] ？
B 我[wǒ, pronoun, I] 愿意[yuàn yì, adjective, willing] ，只是[zhǐ shì, conjunction, but] 我[wǒ, pronoun, I] 现在[xiàn zài, adverb, now] 没[méi, verb, not] 时间[shí jiān, noun, time] 。明天[míng tiān, noun, tomorrow] 好[hǎo, adjective, good] 吗[ma, question particle] ？我[wǒ, pronoun, I] 明天[míng tiān, noun, tomorrow] 可以[kě yǐ, adverb, able to ] 帮[bāng, verb, help] 你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 。
A 行[xíng, adjective, OK] ， 行[xíng, OK] ， 就[jiù, conjunction, then] 明天[míng tiān, noun, tomorrow] 。真是[zhēn shì, adverb, really] 谢谢[xiè xie, verb, thank] 你[nǐ, pronoun, you] 。
B 不客气[bú kè qì, phrase, you are welome] ， 明天[míng tiān, noun, tomorrow] 见[jiàn, verb, see] 。

4 Chinese text with pinyin, English translation and audio

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A 你好。我能不能请你帮我一个忙？
nǐhǎo. Wǒ néngbùnéng qǐng nǐ bāng wǒ yī ge máng ?
How are you. Can I ask you to do me a favor?

B 你需要我帮你什么忙？
nǐ xūyào Wǒ bāng nǐ shénme máng ?
What kind of help you need me to help you?

A 我有一个中文问题不知道怎么做。
Wǒ yǒu Yī ge Zhōngwén wèntí bù zhīdào zěnme zuò .
I have a Chinese question which I don't know what to do.

B 什么问题你说说看。
shénme wèntí nǐ shuōshuo kàn .
What question? You can say it and I will see.

A 我的中文老师要我翻译一首唐诗。
Wǒ de Zhōngwén lǎoshī yào Wǒ fānyì yī shǒu tángshī.
My Chinese teacher wants me to translate a Tang poem.

B 是什么诗？
shì shénme shī ?
What poem?

A 是静夜诗。
shì jìng yè shī .
It is Quite Night Poem.

B 哦，是李白的诗啊。
ò , shì Lǐ Bái de shī ā .
Oh, Li Bai's poem.

你要我帮你翻译是不是？
nǐ yào Wǒ bāng nǐ fānyì shì bù shì ?
You want me to help you to translate it? Yes or no?

A 是的，你愿意吗？
shì de , nǐ yuànyì ma ?
Yes, are you willing to?

B 我愿意，只是我现在没时间。明天好吗？我明天可以帮你。
Wǒ yuànyì , zhǐ shì Wǒ xiànzài méi shíjiān . míngtiān hǎo ma ?
I am willing to, just now I don't have time. How about tomorrow? Tomorrow I can help you.

A 行， 行， 就明天。真是谢谢你。
xíng , xíng , jiù míngtiān . zhēnshì xièxie nǐ .
OK, OK, then tormorrow; I really thank you.

B 不客气， 明天见。
bù kèqì , míng tiān jiàn .
You are welcome; see you tomorrow.

5 Vocabulary:

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1 帮bāng is verb means help. For example,
他帮我做功课。tā bāng wǒ zuò gōngkè .
He helped me doing homework.
他帮我很多忙。 tā bāng wǒ hěn duō máng .
He helped me a lot.
帮忙 are often used as a verb phrase. For example you can say,
帮忙我拿这个球。请帮忙我，好吗？ bāngmáng Wǒ ná zhège qiú . qǐng bāngmáng Wǒ , hǎo ma ?
Help me with carrying this ball. Please help me, OK?

If you want to say someone did you a big favor, then you can say:
谢谢你， 你帮我一个大忙。xièxie nǐ , nǐ bāng wǒ yī ge dà máng .
Thank you, you did me a big favor.
or
Thank you, you helped me a lot.

2 愿意 yuànyì means willing. You see both two words all have heart radical, so, when when you say 愿意, it means your heart is agreed on what you are going to do. In western wedding, when you say " I do." In Chinese it is 我愿意 Wǒ yuànyì。

3 行 xíng has multiple meanings. In this lesson, it means OK, or will do. Other usage of 行 xíng:
行为 means behavior. Sample usage
他的行为不好。tā de xíngwéi bù hǎo.
His behavior is not good.

行 xíng can mean very good, excellent. Such as:

他的中文很行。tā de Zhōngwén hěn xíng .
His Chinese is very very good.

行 can be pronounced as háng which means profession.
教书是种行业。jiāoshūshì zhǒng hángyè .
Teaching is one kind of profession.

4 不客气 bù kèqì means you are welcome. 客 kè means guests, in Chinese we said 客人 kèren。气 qì means air or atmosphere. 不客气 literally means not having guests air. Also it means don't act like guests, but consider as one in the family. When a guest came to your house and brought a lot of gifts, you can say
你太客气了。nǐ tài kèqi le .
You are too kind.

6 Grammar:

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1 The usage of but 只是 zhǐ shì or 可是 kěshì
只是 or 可是 can be used as conjunctions: Used to introduce something contrasting with what has already been mentioned.
In this lesson, we learned:
我愿意，只是我现在没时间。 Wǒ yuànyì , zhǐ shì Wǒ xiànzài méi shíjiān.
I am willing to, just, now I have no time.

Some other sample usages are:
他说他想来，可是他很忙，不能来。
tā shuō tā xiǎng lái , kěshì tā hěn máng , bù néng lái .
He said he wanted to come, but he was very busy, could not make it.

我的朋友很老，可是他很健康。
Wǒ de péngyou hěn lǎo , kěshì tā hěn jiànkāng .
My friend is very old, but he is very healthy.

只是 or 可是 have subtle differences.
只是 means just
可是 means but

2 The usage of 能不能 neng bu neng can you or can not
In this lesson, we learned:
我能不能请你帮我一个忙？Wǒ néngbùnéng qǐng nǐ bāng wǒ yī ge máng ?
Can you please do me a favor?

能不能 néngbùnéng is a good phrase to know to ask for a favor. For example, you can say:
你能不能帮我一个忙？nǐ néngbùnéng bāng wǒ yī ge máng ?
Can you do me a favor?

你能不能把那本书拿过来？nǐ néngbùnéng bǎ nà běn shū ná guòlai ?
Can you bring the book over?

你能不能听我唱歌？ nǐ néngbùnéng tīng Wǒ chànggē ?
Can you listen to my singing?

能不能 has other meaning which means - are capable or not
你能不能吃十碗饭。nǐ néngbùnéng chī shí wǎn fàn .
Are you capable of eating ten bowel of cooked rice.

你能不能跑十公里。nǐ néngbùnéng pǎo shí gōnglǐ .
Can you run 10 kilometers?

8 Introduce 靜夜思 Jìng Yè Sī poem:

Quite night thoughts poem is the most popular Chinese quatrain. It was written by Li Bai / Li Po of the Tang dynasty. In Chinese spoken world, for students, this poem is also the first classic poem to learn in middle school Chinese textbook.

靜夜思
Jìng Yè Sī
Quiet Night Thoughts

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床前明月光
Chuáng qián míng yuè guāng
In front of my bed is the bright moonlight

疑是地上霜
Yí shì dìshàng shuāng
I suspect it is frost on the ground.

舉頭望山月
Jǔ tóu wàng shān yuè
I raise my head to look at the mountain moon,

低頭思故鄉
Dītóu sī gùxiāng
Then I lower my head, thinking of my hometown.

For more detailed explanation and poem analysis see: http://www.chinesetolearn.com/?p=3919

海上的月亮
hai3 shang4 de5 yue4 liang4
The moon at sea

For the lyrics, pinyin and English translation see http://www.chinesetolearn.com/?p=3851

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Free online basic learn Mandarin Chinese audio lesson 6 -- Practical Chinese -- How to ask for help or how to ask for a favor, the difference between 只是 zhi shi and 可是 ke shi, the usage of neng bu neng

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"It is the characteristic of the magnanimous man to ask no favor but to be ready to do kindness to others." Aristotle quotes (Ancient Greek Philosopher, Scientist and Physician, 384 BC-322 BC) The quote is very great, but people are social creatures. From small favors to grander ones, sometimes, we have to ask someone for help.

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中文過渡詞

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Learn Chinese Help - Free audio Mandarin lessons & songs - Easy Fun Effective

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Transitional words and phrases are like bridges between parts of your sentence. They are cues that help the reader to understand the writing better. Transitional words or phrases can help carry a thought from one sentence to another or from one idea to another. Transitional words and phrases link sentences and paragraphs together smoothly, so that there are no abrupt bumps or breaks between ideas. In Chinese, there are a variety of transition phrases, I am writing this post to provide you with a comprehensible understanding of many common transitional phrase with Chinese, pinyin, English translation and how to use them in a sentence. Hope it will help you with your oral communication as well as writing assignment.

A To Add:

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1 和 hé means and; you use it in a list, such as A, B, and C.
我喜欢吃香蕉， 苹果和西瓜。
Wǒ xǐhuān chī xiāng jiāo , Píngguǒ hé xīguā .
I like to eat bananas, apples and watermelons.

他的生日礼物有衣服，钱和手表。
tā de shēngrì lǐwù yǒu yīfu , Qián Hé shǒubiǎo .
His birthday presents have clothes, money and watches.

2 也 yě， adverb, also; you use it before a verb. 也+verb.
我爱我妈妈， 爸爸，也爱我妹妹。
Wǒ ài Wǒ māma , bàba , yě ài Wǒ mèimei .
I love my mom, dad, also love my younger sister.

姐姐学中文，也学数学。
jiějie xué Zhōngwén , yě xué shùxué .
Older sister learns Chinese, also learns Math.

3 还有 hái yǒualso ／ 也有 yě yǒu , in addition, besides, furthermore, moreover, likewise, anyway
These two can be used before an object or verb + object

他的生日礼物有衣服，钱还有手表。（before an object-手表)
tā de shēngrì lǐwù yǒu yīfu , qián hái yǒu shǒubiǎo .
His birthday presents have clothes, money and watches.

姐姐学中文，也有学数学。(before verb + object- 学数学)
jiějie xué Zhōngwén , yě yǒu xué shùxué .
Older sister studies Chinese, also studies math.

4还 hái adverb, also 还+ verb

我喜欢吃香蕉， 还喜欢吃苹果。
Wǒ xǐhuān chī xiāng jiāo , hái xǐhuān chī Píngguǒ .
I like eating banana, also like eating apples.

我打篮球，还打棒球。
Wǒ dǎ lánqiú , hái dǎ bàngqiú .
I play basketball, also play baseball.

5不但 bùdàn，而且 érqiě not only .... but also.

他不但高，而且帅。
tā bùdàn gāo , érqiě shuài .
He is not only tall, but also handsome.

他不但跳舞，而且唱歌。
tā bùdàn tiàowǔ , érqiě chànggē .
He not only dances, but also sings.

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他跳舞又唱歌。
tā tiàowǔ yòu chànggē .
He dances also sings.

7并且 bìngqiě also

他很会读书， 并且很会玩。
tā hěn huì dúshū , bìngqiě hěn huì wán .
He is good at reading book (or studying), also good at playing.

8除了 chúle....以外 yǐwài，besides

除了吃水饺以外，他还吃炒面。
chúle chī shuǐjiǎo yǐwài , tā hái chī chǎomiàn.
Besides eating dumplings, he also ate fried noodles.

9再说 zài shuō moreover. This transition phrase usually is used to explain why you did not do something.

Mary: 为什么你没去中国？
Mary: wèishénme nǐ méi qù Zhōngguó ?
Why you did not go to China?

Richard: 我没有时间，再说我没有钱。
Richard: Wǒ méiyǒu shíjiān , zài shuō Wǒ méiyǒu qián .
I don't have time, moreover, I don't have money.

10此外 cǐwài besides / in addition / moreover / furthermore

他买了五本书，此外还买了三支笔。
tā mǎi le wǔ běn shū , cǐwài hái mǎi le sān zhī bǐ .
He bought five books; in addition, he also bought three pens.

11 另外 lìngwài additional / in addition / besides

除了这个工作，另外他还有别的工作。
chúle zhège gōngzuò , lìngwài tā hái yǒubiéde gōngzuò .
Besides this job, additionally, he has other jobs.

B To prove

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1 因为yīnwèi because

他没来上学， 因为他生病了。
tā méi lái shàngxué , yīnwèi tā shēng bìng le .
He doesn't come to school, because he is sick.

2 由于 yóuyú due to / as a result of / thanks to / owing to / since / because

由于心情不好，他不和人说话。
yóuyú xīnqíng bù lún zhī liàn , tā bùhé rén shuōhuà .
Due to bad mood, he did not talk to people.

由于没收入，他没钱买衣服。
yóuyú mòshōu rù , tā méi qián mǎi yīfu .
As result of having no income, he did not have money to buy clothes.

3 所以 suǒyǐ, so /thus/ therefore

他生病了，所以他没来上学。
tā shēng bìng le , suǒyǐ tā méilái shàngxué .
He got sick, so he did not come to school.

4 因为 yīnwèi.....所以suǒyǐ because .... so

因为肚子痛，所以他去看医生。
yīnwèi dǔzǐtòng , suǒyǐ tā qù kàn yīshēng .
Because of stomachaches, he went to see doctor.

C To show exception

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1虽然 suīrán although

虽然他很小，可是他很懂事。
suīrán tā hěn xiǎo , kěshì tā hěn dǒngshì .
Although he is young, he is thoughtful.

2 然而 ránér however / yet / but

他很小，然而他很懂事。
tā hěn xiǎo , ránér tā hěn dǒngshì .
He is little; however, he is thoughtful.

3仅管 jǐn guǎn although

仅管风雨很大，渔夫还是出去打鱼。
jǐn guǎn fēngyǔ hěn dà , yúfū hái shì chūqù dǎyú.
Although wind and rain are big, fisherman still goes out to fish.

4 尽管如此 jǐnguǎn rúcǐ even though in this way

经济情况 尽管如此，他还是很乐观。
jīngjì qíngkuàng jǐnguǎn rúcǐ , tā hái shì hěn lèguān .
Economy situation, even though like this, he is still very optimistic.

D To Show Time:

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1 立刻 lìkè immediately, right away, forthwith / immediate / prompt / promptly / straightway / thereupon / at once

他接到电话，立刻出门去。
tā jiēdào diànhuà , lìkè chūmén qù .
He received the phone call; he went out of door right away.

2 之后 zhīhòu afterwards / following / later / after

跳舞之后， 我们去买东西。
tiàowǔ zhīhòu , wǒmen qù mǎi dōngxi .
After dancing, we went shopping.

3 不久 bùjiǔ not long (after) / before too long / soon / soon after

他们做功课，做了不久就做好了。
tāmen zuò gōngkè , zuò le bùjiǔ jiù zuò hǎo le .
They did homework, soon they finished it.

4 最后 zuìhòu final / last / finally / ultimate

最后一天，他们都不想读书了。
zuìhòu yītiān, tāmen dōu bù xiǎng dúshū le .
The last day, they all did not want to read books.

5 然后 ránhòu after / then (afterwards) / after that / afterwards

他们先去买东西，然后去吃饭。
tāmen xiān qù mǎi dōngxi , ránhòu qù chīfàn .
They went to buy things first, then went to eat.

6 先前 xiānqián before / previously

现在的问题很难， 先前的很简单。
xiànzài de wèntí hěn nán , xiānqián de hěn jiǎndān .
Now the question is difficult, previously was simple.

7 首先 shǒuxiān first (of all) / in the first place

写作文，首先要先思考。
xiězuò wén , shǒuxiān yào xiān sīkǎo .
Writing composition, first you have to ponder over it.

8 其次，qícì next / secondly

写作文，首先要先思考。其次要打草稿。
xiězuò wén , shǒuxiān yào xiān sīkǎo . qícì yào dǎ cǎogǎo .
Writing composition, first you have to ponder over it. Then, you have to make a draft.

9 最后 zuìhòu final / last / finally / ultimate

最后的再见，很难说出口。
zuìhòu de zàijiàn , hěn nánshuō chūkǒu .
The last goodbye is hard to utter out of mouth.

E To compare

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1 同样 tóngyàng likewise, similarly

同样在深夜， 他又出去了。
tóngyàng zài shēnyè , tā yòu chūqu le .
Likewise, in midnight, he went out again.

2 相反 xiāngfǎn on the contrary, in contrast, opposite

相反地，他的做法太老式了。
xiāngfǎn di , tā de zuòfǎ tài lǎoshì le .
On the contrary, his doing is too old fashioned.

3 另一方面 lìng yī fāngmiàn on the other hand

从另一方面 看来，不好的事并不是那么不好。
cóng lìng yī fāngmiàn kànlái , bùlǐxiǎng shì bìng bù shì nàme bù lún zhī liàn .
Seeing from the other side, a bad thing is not that bad at all.

F To conclude, summarize

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1 终於 zhōngyú finally,

他终於把功课做完了。
tā zhōngyú bǎ gōngkè zuòwán le .
He finally finished doing homework.

2 总言之 zǒng yán zhī to summarize, to sum up, in summary

总言之，他写的小说真是太精采了。
zǒng yán zhī , tā xiě de xiǎoshuō zhēnshì tài jīngcǎile .
To sum up, the novel he wrote is really brilliant.

3 总之 zǒngzhī in short, overall, considering, in a word

总之，这家店的东西太贵了，我们去别家买吧。
zǒngzhī , zhè jiā diàn de dōngxi tài guì le , wǒmen qù biéjiā mǎi ba .
In short, the things of this store are too expensive, let's go buy at other store.

4 总体上说 zǒngtǐ shàng shuō generally speaking

总体上说她的成绩还不错。
zǒngtǐ shàng shuō tā de chéngjì hái bù cuò .
Generally speaking, her grades are not bad.

5 简言之 jiǎnyánzhī in short, in brief

简言之这所学校的学生都很优秀。
jiǎnyánzhī zhè suǒ xuéxiào de xuésheng dōu hěn yōuxiù .
In short, this school's students all are very excellent.

6 因此 yīncǐ as a result, therefore, hence, for this reason, consequently,
他非常生气，因此他一去不回。
tā fēicháng shēngqì , yīncǐ tā yī qù bù huí .
He was very angry, as a result, he left and never came back.

Well, this is a grammar post, but still need to find a song ...

Hawthorne Heights - The transition lyrics

The power to change - Les Brown

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List of Mandarin Chinese transition words and phrases with pinyin and English translation (counterpart), how to use transition words properly with sample sentence and audio recording. Hawthorne Heights - The transition lyrics. Les Brown the Power of Change

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Transitional words and phrases are like bridges between parts of your sentence. They are cues that help the reader to understand the writing better. Transitional words or phrases can help carry a thought from one sentence to another or from one idea to another.

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中文語法: 在

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Chinesetolearn ♫ learn Mandarin in a fun way ♫

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Don't worry, your eyes are fine, and your computer is not burning a hole either. The jumping fire on the character zai 在 just a little reminder to tell you that zai4 can be used to show continuous motion as the jumping fire up and down, up and down ... Cast some fire on your mind next time when you read the word zai ....

In Chinese language, the particle zai4 在 has several functions.

Zai4 functions as a preposition word.

A preposition word is a word that connects a noun, pronoun, or phrase to other words in a sentence, and it can indicate the following relationships: direction (to, toward, through); place (at, by, on); purpose (for); source (from, out of); and time (at, before, on).

Zai4 is most often used to indicate location. When used before a place word, zai4 means in, on, or at.
Location - Zai4
For example:

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Shu1 **zai4** zhuo1 shang4.
书**在**桌上。
The book is **on** the table.

Yi1 fu2 **zai4** bi4 chu2 li3.
衣服 **在** 壁橱里。
The cloth is **in** the closet.

If you want to negate the sentence, you just need to place 不 bu4 before zai4 在. Remember that 不 bu4 has two tone change rules.When bu is in front of fourth tone word, bu4 will be changed to second tone bu2. When bu4 got placed before other tones (1, 2 or 3 tones), it remains the fourth tone bu4.

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Shu1 **bu2 zai4** zhuo1 shang4.
书**不在**桌上。
The book is not **on** the table.

Yi1 fu2 ** bu2 zai4** bi4 chu2 li3.
衣服 **不在** 壁橱里。
The cloth is not in the closet.

Use 在 zai4 to form question sentences.

To form yes or no question sentences with question marker 吗 ma5.

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Form open end question sentences with question marker 呢 ne5.

Ni3 zai4 chi1 shen2 me5 ** ne5 **? (The answers can be many, so it is called open-ended questions.)

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你在吃什么**呢**？
What are you eating?

Form open-ended question sentences with question pronoun na3 li5 哪裡

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Zai functions as a preposition to indicate where an action takes place:

subject + zai4 + place + verb

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Zai functions as an adverbial adjunct or complement when it got placed in front of a verb it modifies to show continuous action of that moment. This usage of zai is like the -ing suffix in English ( at V+ ing"). There is an alternative to zai4 - zheng4 zai4 正在.

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她**在**睡觉｡
Ta1 **zai4 **shui4 jiao4.
She is sleeping.

To negate the verb, you can use 不 bu2 or 没 mei2 （mei2 you3 没有）. The verb 有 you3 is always negated with 没 mei2 （never say 不有 bu4 you3).

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Ta1 **mei2 zai4** shui4 jiao4.
She is not sleeping.
她**没在**睡觉｡

In the usage of showing continuous action, there is an alternative to zai4 - zheng4 zai4 正在.

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Ta1 **zheng4 zai4** shui4 jiao4.
She is sleeping.
她**正在**睡觉｡

The modal particle ne5 呢 can also be added to the end of the sentence for the same purpose. So the previous sentences can also be:

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Ta1 **zai4** shui4 jiao4 **ne5**.
She is sleeping.
她**在**睡觉**呢**｡

or you can omit zai4

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Ta1 shui4 jiao4 **ne5**.
She is sleeping.
她睡觉**呢**｡

Now, it is time to find a song. I went to my song list first, and yes, and I found one:) Jackie Chan (Cheng Long) 成龙 - 壮志在我胸 Aspirations in my chest Zhuang zhi zai wo xiong. Jackie Chan is very silly and funny in this video.

If you like to learn how to sing it, you can check out the lyrics, pinyin and English translation at Jackie Chan (Cheng Long) 成龙 - 壮志在我胸 Aspirations in my chest Zhuang zhi zai wo xiong

It is easy to find a preposition word in English songs (there are so many preposition words in English), but this one is really special and with two versions! Why I chose this song? Heart is in the chest, so these two songs and Jackie Chan's aspiration in my chest are somehow related in two ways - all have preposition word in, and both have something to do with chest.

Usher - You'll Be In My Heart (Official Lyrics)

and
the original-You'll Be In My Heart (With Lyrics)-Tarzan and Phil Collins

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Chinese grammar, usage of zai - as preposition for location, form question sentence, show continuous action as an adverbial adjunct; use zai bu zai to form question, how to negate zai, ne as continuous action maker. Jackie Chan Aspiration in my chest and Tarzan, Usher You'll Be In My Heart

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Don't worry, your eyes are fine, and your computer is not burning a hole either. The jumping fire on the character zai 在 just a little reminder to tell you that zai4 can be used to show continuous motion as the jumping fire up and down, up and down ...

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A Usage Dictionary of 70000 Chinese Words By 

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A Usage Dictionary of 70000 Chinese Words By 

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現代漢語用例辭典

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(Video)麥克老師 教中文

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Learning Chinese Online | Chinese with Mike

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Learning Chinese online doesn't have to be boring. My name is Mike Lǎoshī (Teacher Mike) and I'm about to astound you with my unparalleled ability to make learning Chinese fun and effective.

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中文語法 (例句說明) (audio)

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中文語法 初級