# data[].attributes.headline
What factors affect enzyme activity when removing stains?

# data[].attributes.subject
What factors affect enzyme activity when removing stains?

# data[].attributes.body
•Enzymes are often added to laundry detergents to help remove stains by breaking down macromolecules that cause them. There are different kinds of enzymes which may used depending on the type of macromolecule. When manufacturers are considering which enzymes to add, they need to take into account cost, safety, and the various conditions which they may be used.

# data[].attributes.headline
Concentration of enzyme - amount of water used

# data[].attributes.subject
Concentration of enzyme - amount of water used

# data[].attributes.body
Targets fats and oils (e.g. grease, butter)

# data[].attributes.headline
An increase of pH above the optimum point will result in the enzyme denaturing and becoming biologically inactive 

# data[].attributes.subject
An increase of pH above the optimum point will result in the enzyme denaturing and becoming biologically inactive 

# data[].attributes.body
Different enzymes target specific macromolecules in stains.

# data[].attributes.body
When the temperature is too low, it leads to a slow reaction, while too high would be denatured enzyme.

# data[].attributes.body
e.g. blood, sweat, egg, etc.

# data[].attributes.body
Reaction Rate: The rate at which substrates are converted into products, often measured as the amount of product formed per unit time

# data[].attributes.body
More time = more enzyme activity up to a point.

# data[].attributes.body
break down protein-based stains (e.g., blood, sweat).

# data[].attributes.body
It breaks down cellulose fibers to brighten clothes and remove microfuzz.

# data[].attributes.body
Breaks down starches (e.g. sauce and chocolate)

# data[].attributes.body
Like rice, chocolate, and gravy.

To remove it use amylase.

# data[].attributes.body
More enzyme = faster reaction (to a limit).

# data[].attributes.body
How much of the stain is gone after washing.

# data[].attributes.body
Measured by how much product is broken-down, material is produced in a given time.

# data[].attributes.body
Like butter, oil, makeup, etc.

You can use lipase.

# data[].attributes.body
Often protein-based → protease

# data[].attributes.headline
measure size in cm across and around before and after

# data[].attributes.subject
measure size in cm across and around before and after

# data[].attributes.body
Identifying the best temperature, pH, and time for maximum enzyme activity.

# data[].attributes.body
A spectrophotometer is an instrument that measures color by shining a beam of light and capturing the amount of light that reflects back or transmits through ..

# data[].attributes.body
Fabric residue → cellulase

# data[].attributes.body
Too hot can denature enzymes and make them stop working

# data[].attributes.body
Break down stain molecules like protein, fat, and starch into smaller, washable pieces.