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The tragic accident of 9/11 began at 8:46am with the first attack on the North Tower, with the second one following just 20 minutes later at 9:06 on the South Tower. 19 men in total, associated with terrorist organisation Al-Qaeda, hijacked 4 aircraft and aimed for famous landmarks across the East Coast of the United States to cause mass destruction and damage the USA economy. Shockingly, before the attacks, no boarding pass or ID was needed at all to go to the gate where passengers can board their plane, so this was enforced most immediately after. In November of 2001 George Bush, the president at the time, also introduced the TSA (Transportation Security Administration) in order to prevent anything even close to similar happening again in the future. 9/11 was the most devastating incident to occur and sent shockwaves throughout the aviation industry, to this day we are still feeling the aftermath of the tragedy in terms of the amount of security required at airports post-disaster.

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(1919) Charles Lindbergh - First non-stop Transatlantic flight

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(1919) Charles Lindbergh - First non-stop Transatlantic flight

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In 1919, Charles Lindbergh set off to complete the first non-stop solo Transatlantic flight which would impact the aviation industry incredibly. He flew from New York to Paris on 20th May 1919 and landed the following day due to the flight time and time zones; this took an overall time of 33 and a half hours with over 3,600 total miles travelled. He flew a custom-built aircraft which went by the name of the Spirit of St Louis and was a huge impact to the aviation industry as it encouraged more aircraft manufacturers to produce more aircraft that can withstand longer flight times and eventually transport more people at once.

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The fourth generation of Boeing was announced on 30th August 2011 and is a narrow-body airliner that was manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airlines. In this new generation of Boeing, they introduced advanced technology winglets along with more energy efficient and environmentally-friendly engines also. The economics behind this particular aircraft are also outstanding, by using 50% less fuel whilst flying as well as 20% less emissions produced into the atmosphere. Unfortunately, this model faced a couple of failure flights with the Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 which tragically saw the death of 346. Consequently, airlines were forced to ground all Boeing 737 Max aircrafts between March 2019 and November 2020.

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The Boeing 777X is the latest model of the Boeing aircraft family. Having taken its first flight in January 2020, it is scheduled for a 2025 release for public use with production beginning back in 2017 to the present, where they have produced 4 of these aircrafts thus far. It will be the worlds largest & most efficient twin-engine jet, making it superior to other types of aircraft in its league in terms of qualities. The Boeing 777X boasts a wider cabin, meaning more seating for passengers and increasing its overall passenger capacity.

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The new plans established for the Virgin Galactic were something intended to transform the aviation industry as we know it today. Virgin have developed commercial spacecraft which has become the worlds first commercial space-line, providing suborbital spaceflights for space tourists. The company has a vision to inspire future generations to experience the beauty of our planet from a whole another perspective. This model unfortunately was not made to carry lots of passengers; there is only space for 8 people, 2 pilots and 6 passengers. Seating on this one-of-a-kind flight can cost around $450,000, meaning its target audience are wealthy people with interest in space and seeing the Earth.

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The Boeing 787 Dreamliner firstly introduced smooth wing technology, which provides the aircraft with unique lift-to-drag characteristics which allows the plane to become more fuel efficient therefore reducing costs for fuel. It is an American wide-body jet airliner manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The project began around a decade before its debut, with the company's main goal being to make an aircraft promoting efficiency. A total of 1,110 of these specific aircraft have been produced as of December 2023 and have been in service since 2007. Furthermore, it is a twin-engine aircraft that has a passenger capacity of 242 passengers in a typical two class configuration with additional cargo also stored.

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The Airbus A380 was first manufactured in 2005 and was officially serviced in October 2007. It is the worlds largest commercial passenger aircraft and also has an upper deck that extends along the entire length. In addition to this, the aircraft is also one of the greenest currently in service, producing much less emissions and a lower community noise in comparison to the Boeing 747-400 - which comes as a surprise to many as it also has 50% more floor space and 60% more headspace. It is the only full-length double-deck jet airliner, stretching a huge 73m and travels at a max speed of 1,185 km/h and has also introduced passengers to superior standards of in-flight comfort.

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The Boeing 747 was designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes which was operational in the United States between 1968 to 2023. This aircraft was the result of Pan Am wanting an upgrade from their 1958 creation of the 707, and was the first to be branded a 'Jumbo' which was 2 and a half times bigger than the original and charged 30% less for their seats compared to the 707. It first flew with Pan Am in 1970 and was the first wide-body aircraft to be created by Boeing. The aircraft has a passenger capacity of 467 and can fly over 10,000 km in one direct flight.

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Original plans for the 1969 Concorde date back to the early 1950's, however it took over a decade for these plans to come to life. It was developed and produced by Sud Aviation and British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) and is a tailless aircraft design which can carry between 92 and 128 passengers per flight. The Concorde was widely known for it's record-breaking speeds, completing a flight from New York JFK to London Heathrow in a groundbreaking 2 hours, 52 minutes and 59 seconds.

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Development of the first Learjet 23 was initiated in February 1962, in Wichita, Kansas with the first flight taking place the following year on 7th October, 1963. The Learjet 23 is mostly famous for revolutionising the business transportation industry and shortly created an entire new market for speedy and efficient jet transports. The Learjet 23 had the capacity to transport 6 - 8 people at once from point A to point B and produced 101 aircraft come 1966, where production then came to a halt.

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(1933) Boeing 247 - first model airliner

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(1933) Boeing 247 - first model airliner

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The Boeing 247 first came into service in 1933 and is considered to be the first model airliner. This aircraft demonstrated huge advancements for its time as it featured an all metal design construction and retractable landing gear. It was an American airliner that had its first flight on the 8th February 1933 and eventually entered service later on that year. It had the capacity for 10 passengers as well as space for 3 crew members and had an overall range of 745 miles. Boeing had built a total of 75 aircrafts which were distributed between aircrafts and the military, where they served as military transport aircraft.

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An Englishman by the name of Frank Whittle trademarked the first ever jet engine for an aircraft on 16th January 1930. It wasn't until 11 years later, in 1941, that the jet engine would be used to power and operate aircraft. Unfortunately for Whittle, his was not the first to set off on an official test flight, this was done by a German named Hans von Ohain whose jet engine first operated on 27th August 1939.

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The Junkers was initially developed for low-level, front-line observation and ground attacks during the First World War. The aircraft was produced in Germany to help them fend off the allies on numerous front lines and was almost impenetrable to fire from the ground. It was the first all-metal aircraft to be in series production anywhere across the globe. The aircraft consisted of an entirely armoured nose-capsule of 5mm chrome-nickel-steel which simultaneously enclosed the crew compartment and engine.

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Two brothers, Wilbur and Orville Wright, had spent a total of four years of research and production in order to establish the first fully functional and successful powered aeroplane - The 1903 Wright Flyer. The plane's first flight took place in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina with Orville flying the plane, on 17th December, 1903. Thus commenced over a century's worth of work and development towards the aviation industry.