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The immediate catalyst was the rebellion against the rule of Sheng Shicai, the warlord-governor of Xinjiang, who had sought Soviet support but faced opposition from local Muslim groups. Sheng’s alliances, policies, and reliance on Soviet assistance created instability, which led to uprisings.

In 1934, Sheng Shicai invited Soviet troops to intervene during the First East Turkestan Republic's establishment in the southern part of Xinjiang. The Soviet military involvement was framed as support to suppress the rebellion. However, it also served Soviet interests to secure influence in Xinjiang as part of their strategy to expand control over Central Asia.

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DALL·E 2024-11-21 09.59.50 - An artistic representation of the Soviet invasion of Xinjiang in the 1930s. The scene features a dramatic depiction of Soviet troops advancing into a 

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Muslim Turkic populations in Xinjiang were discontented with Chinese warlord rule, high taxes, and ethnic tensions. Movements advocating for an independent East Turkestan gained traction.

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Sheng declared allegiance to the Soviet Union, adopting pro-Soviet policies, which alarmed local leaders.

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The Soviets sought to extend their sphere of influence and secure Xinjiang as a buffer zone against potential threats from China or Western powers.

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The Soviet Union's invasion of Xinjiang occurred in the context of the region's political instability during the 1930s. Xinjiang, a largely Muslim and ethnically diverse frontier province in China, was ruled by warlords, with the Soviet Union exploiting internal conflicts to expand its influence. Here's an overview of the course of the invasion:

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Soviet and Xinjiang

-Tanks

-Airplanes

-Artillery with mustard Gas

WWl

-Machine guns

-Rifles

-Grenades

-Poison Gas

-Pistol

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The Soviet invasion of Manchuria, formally known as the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation or simply the Manchurian Operation and sometimes Operation August Storm, began on 9 August 1945 with the Soviet invasion of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo, which was situated in Japanese-occupied Manchuria. It was the largest campaign of the 1945 Soviet–Japanese War, which resumed hostilities between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Empire of Japan after almost six years of peace.

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In 1934, two Soviet Russian GPU brigades, consisting of about 7,000 troops backed by tanks, planes, and artillery, attacked the 36th division near Tutung. The battle raged for several weeks on the frozen Tutung River.

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Both wars happened around the same time so they had the same kind of technology(weapons). In the soviet invasion of Xinjiang there were a few thousand casualties when there were 15 to 22 million casualties. Also a lot of casualties were do to poison gas.