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Alexander initiated his conquests by invading the Achaemenid Persian Empire in 334 BC. He achieved decisive victories at the Battles of Granicus, Issus, and Gaugamela, ultimately overthrowing Darius III and conquering the entire Persian Empire.

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Emergence of a sophisticated Bronze Age civilization on the island of Crete. From 2700-1450 BCE

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From 1600-1100 BCE. Rise of warrior-kings and the construction of fortified cities on the Greek mainland.

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From 1100-800 BCE. A period of decline and transition following the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization.

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From 800-500 BCE. Re-emergence of Greek culture, development of the polis (city-state), and the rise of lyric poetry.

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These games, officially known as the Games of the I Olympiad, were a revival of the ancient Olympic Games, which had been held in Olympia, Greece, from 776 BC to 393 AD.

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From 500-323 BCE Golden age of Greek civilization, marked by the Persian Wars, the Peloponnesian War, and the achievements of philosophers, playwrights, and artists.

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From 323-31 BCE Spread of Greek culture and influence throughout the Mediterranean world following the conquests of Alexander the Great.

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Philip II significantly enhanced the Macedonian army, making it one of the most formidable military forces in the ancient world. The introduction of the Macedonian phalanx, a dense infantry formation, was a key factor in their success From 359-336 BC