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Led by the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union, the Allied Powers were intent on dismantling the Axis powers and stopping the fascist regimes that reigned over continental Europe and Asia. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and General Secretary Joseph Stalin were influential in making the political moves to keep the Allies stable while fighting a costly war; however, military leaders like General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, and Marshal Georgy Zhukov led armies and won crucial victories for the nations.

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Led by Germany, Japan, and Italy, the Axis Powers were focused on spreading their fascist agendas throughout Europe and Asia. With the impressive feats of Blitzkrieg, a brute force of military power, Germany was able to sweep through Poland, France, the Low Countries, Denmark and Norway, and the western parts of the Soviet Union within a few years; however, the unpreparedness of Italy led to struggles in North Africa and the Balkans and would end up being a thorn in Germany's side and ultimately being one of the reasons for their downfall. The political leaders of the Axis Powers were Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and Emperor Hirohito, and some of the notable military leaders were Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, and Field Marshal Erich von Manstein.

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On both sides of the war there were major losses; however, the events detailed in this column explain where the tide turned for both sides in the war:

In the Battle of Dunkirk, the British were able to evacuate most of their troops from the impending German invasion; however, in doing so the Brits essentially relinquished their only holding on continental Europe and set themselves up to be the next targets of German invasion.

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the United States naval base Pearl Harbor. This attack would result in the United States entering the war and provide the Allied Powers an economic and military powerhouse that they desperately needed.

Between 1942 and 1943, the Germans attempted to take the city of Stalingrad, which was the stronghold of the Soviet oil fields; however, the Soviets were able to prevail and as a result the German lines had become strained and collapsed on the eastern front resulting in the Soviet military regrouping and being able to steadily march west towards Berlin.

On June 6, 1944, the United States and its allies led an invasion on the beaches of Normandy and Omaha, France. While it cost a lot of resources and led to many deaths on both sides, it opened up a front on the northern part of the continent for the Allies and would deal a devastating blow to the Axis Powers.

In August 1945, after the European Axis had surrendered, the Japanese had been confined to their main islands, yet they still refused to surrender. As a result, President Harry Truman authorized the dropping of two nuclear bombs on the cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. These devastating blows led to an ending of the war and the catastrophic destruction of these two cities.

Which of these events do you feel were the most significant in terms of altering the course of the war?

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Info:

Whittaker, M. (2024, March 7). Who were the top Axis commanders of World War II? TheCollector.Who Were the Top Axis Commanders of World War II? | TheCollector

Beyer, G. (2022, July 6). 7 talented generals who shaped World War II. TheCollector. 7 Talented Generals Who Shaped World War II | TheCollector

Photos and Videos:

The Allies in WW2 – When did America join World War II?

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H.6.WH.24 Compare and contrast the impact of political and military leadership of Axis and Allied powers during World War II.