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The First Battle of the Marne took place Sept 6-10, 1914 in Germany. Germany was trying to achieve an early victory against France so that it could avoid fighting France and Russia at the same time. As part of the Schlieffen Plan, Germany planned to avoid fighting on two fronts at the same time. The First Battle of the Marne followed a string of early victories from Germany, but they were not able to sustain momentum. A French-British counter-offensive and after a few days of bitter fighting, the Germans retreated. This battle is significant because it allowed the enemies of Germany to mobilize and attack Germany on two fronts, which eventually wore down the German fighting forces. All of this signified that this would not be a quick and easy victory as the German's thought. After this battle, both sides began digging into trenches to avoid the major casualties brought by new technology and weapons being used against old military strategy. Lastly, this basically ended the gaining and losing of territory, the war became stagnant after this.

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Battle of Verdun: February 21 to December 18, 1916
It lasted over a year as the French Army repelled a surprise German attack that resulted in massive losses on both sides, with over 600,000 total casualties. The Germans chose to attack the fort of Verdun, along the banks of the Meuse River, in an attempt to cripple France's role in the war and deal a huge blow to its army's morale.

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Battle of the Somme: July 1 to November 13, 1916
As they attempted to break into German positions, British soldiers suffered almost 57,000 losses, including 20,000 deaths.
The Allies quickly adjusted tactics in their fight against the Germans on the Western Front along the Somme River in France but made just small advances over an approximately five-month period. The conflict is notable for the first employment of tanks and finishes with over a million casualties.

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Battle of Caporetto: October 24 to December 19, 1917
The Battle of Caporetto, also known as the 12th Battle of the Isonzo, took place near Kobarid (now in Slovenia) on the Italian Front. German and Austro-Hungarian forces completely defeated the Italian front line, resulting in approximately 700,000 Italian losses and severely reducing their morale.

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Ludendorff Offensive March 21 to July 18, 1918
The 1918 Spring Offensive, began with the Germans establishing a series of operations along the Western Front with the hopes of winning the war before American forces could join the Allies. Despite executing four successful attacks, the land they retake or control does not result in strategic gains. With the arrival of American forces in July, a counteroffensive, and tired soldiers, the Germans were severely weakened.

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Battle of Cambrai: September 27 to October 11, 1918
As part of the Hundred Days Offensive, British and Canadian Army soldiers captured Cambrai in northern France, which Germany had held since 1914. Surrounded, tired, and with deteriorating morale, the Germans faced the reality that the war was lost.