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Indications

·      For anesthesia

·      Fluid therapy

·      Medications (especially for quick response)

·      Administration of blood products

Lindén,H., and Vainio,T. 2021. Ääreislaskimon kanylointi. Anestesiakäsikirja.

<https://www.terveysportti.fi/apps/dtk/shk/article/aop00460/search/kanylointi>. Accessed on 23rd October 2023.

Nishanie,Cameron,Qiqige

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1. Allergy or Hypersensitivity:

2.         Local Infection:

3.         Skin Conditions:

4.         Presence of a Blood Clot
5. injury of the limb
6. AV fistulas
7. Poor vein condition (ex. drug users)
8. lymph node clearance (ex. breast cancer - removal of nodes)

If cannulation is not working:

Reattempt the cannulation (find a new site)

Consult a specialist (ex anesthesis dr)

Consider alternative assess

Assess the patient conditions

Evaluate the patients condition

Document and communicate

https://www.terveysportti.fi/apps/dtk/shk/article/shk00490/search/kanylointi..

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Observation and daily handling of the iv cannula: 

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Observation and daily handling of the iv cannula: 

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•	Site assessment


•	Infusion flow


•	Avoid getting wet, cover with bandage while showering


•	A splint may be used to prevent from blocking and kinking


•	Should be flased once a shift with 0.9% sodium chloride 


•	Should be replaced within 72hr to 96 hr



https://www.rch.org.au/rchcpg/hospital_clinical_guideline_index/peripheral_intravenous_iv_device_management. Accessed on 23rd October 2023.

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Complication of iv cannulation

-infection and inflammation of the vein

-infiltration

-extravasation

-thrombosis

-air embolism

-nerve damage

-allergic reaction

-skin irritation
Castrén, e. K. a. M. R.-., 2017. Duodecim Terveysportti. [Online]
Available at: https://www.terveysportti.fi/apps/dtk/shk/article/tvh00249/search/kanylointi
[Accessed 23 October 2023].
Muohonen, R., 2023. Duodecim Terveysportti. [Online]
[Accessed 23 October 2023].

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Observation and daily handling of IV cannula (Karen, Remsha, Pamela)

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Observation and daily handling of IV cannula (Karen, Remsha, Pamela)

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Regular flushing of the cannula is recommended to check the patency of the site. Flushing with NaCl 0,9% is done before and after any drugs are administered. Flushing reduces the chances of drug interactions and prevents complications. It also helps to extend the usable time for that site. (Partanen, A. & Sievers, A. 2022. Principles of IV Cannulation. PPT slides not published. Metropolia. www.metropolia.fi 23.10.2023)

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VIP score

According to HUS, the VIP scale is a grading system for assessing the severity of inflammation at an IV insertion site. It provides scores from 0 to 3, each indicating a different level of inflammation.
The international version of this scale is from 0 to 5.
HUS. 2023. https://www.hus.fi/sites/default/files/2023-05/Kanyylin%20juuren%20ihon%20arviointi%20aikuisilla%20%28VIP-score%29.pdf
Accessed 23rd October 2023.
Yuel, Enoch, Yinuo.

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1. Wash your hands and put gloves.

2. Remove the dressing and any tape surrounding the cannula.

3. Remove the cannula in a steady, fluid motion.

4. Apply pressure to the area using sterile gauze, then place a small dressing (such as a cotton ball) to the area with tape. Press for 3 mins.

The tip of the catheter or cannula is cultured.

the patient has signs of catheter sepsis

the root of the cannula looks infected

From the pulmonary artery catheter, both the tip of the catheter and the introducer are taken for culture.

If the puncture site exudes a wet discharge, a bacterial culture is also taken from it.

If the patient has general symptoms of infection, blood cultures are taken twice.

Reference

https://www.terveysportti.fi/apps/dtk/shk/article/tvh00249/search/kanylointi

https://www.nhsresearchscotland.org.uk/uploads/tinymce/SOPs_SDRN_pending_review/SOP%2020%20-%20Insertion%20&%20Removal%20of%20a%20Peripheral%20Intravenous%20Cannula[1].pdf

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To reduce complications associated with Peripheral Intravenous Catheters (PIVC), healthcare personnel should thoroughly examine the insertion site during each shift handover. If any signs of inflammation, infiltration, blockage, infection, or if the catheter is no longer required for treatment, the catheter should be promptly removed. This proactive approach aims to prevent or address issues promptly and ensure the patient's safety and well-being .

Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, Marsh N. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 23;1(1):CD007798. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub5. PMID: 30671926; PMCID: PMC6353131.

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2.	Local Infection: 


3.	Skin Conditions: 


4.	Presence of a Blood Clot: 



If cannulation is not working:


Reattempt the cannulation


Consult a specialist


Consider alternative assess


Assess the patient conditions


Evaluate the patients condition


Document and communicate



https://www.terveysportti.fi/apps/dtk/shk/article/shk00490/search/kanylointi..

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complications if iv medicines and what do when these happen 

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complications if iv medicines and what do when these happen 

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Unreversible medication

Anaphylatic Shock (allergies of medication)

Extravasation/infiltration (when the medication is leaked into the tissues/ hematoema)
phlebitis
thrombosis in the vein

Circulation overload

Sepsis

Infection
----
stop medication
administer treatment (infection prescribe antibiotics)
inform doctor
document
monitor vital signs
(Sievers.A.2022.Principles and practice of peripheral iv-cannulation.Metropolia www.metropolia.fi.23.10.2023)