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by Gerald Graff

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Quote 1: “But isn’t this plagiarism?” at least one student each year will
usually ask. “Well, is it?” we respond, turning the question
around into one the entire class can profit from. “We are, after
all, asking you to use language in your writing that isn’t your
own—language that you ‘borrow’ or, to put it less delicately,
steal from other writers.”
This quote is basically asking if using the sentence starters and formats from other writers is plagiarism. This quote stood out to me because using sentence formatting and sentence starters from other people as a reader/writer is second nature so I never thought about the fact that it could be seen as plagiarism. I think it is important that they use this quote in the text because it brings to light a question that many readers might have.

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Quote 1: "Sometimes you’ll want to open by summarizing a debate that presents two or more views. This kind of opening demonstrates your awareness that there are conflicting ways to look at your subject, the clear mark of someone who knows the subject and therefore is likely to be a reliable, trustworthy guide. Furthermore, opening with a summary of a debate can help you explore the issue you are writing about before declaring your own view. In this way, you can use the writing process itself to help you discover where you stand instead of having to commit to a position before you are ready to do so."
This quote is stating that opening debates with a summary of both points of views can be useful to the debators because it gives them a clear outlook on both views before they even decide which side they stand with. It also helps make you credible and look trustworthy to the people you might be debating against. This quote stood out to me because it seemed useful to me and helped me think about debates in a different way which is something that I didn't think would come up as a topic in the particular writing.

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Quote 1: "If it is true, as we claim in this book, that to argue
persuasively you need to be in dialogue with others, then summarizing others’ arguments is central to your arsenal of basic moves. Because writers who make strong claims need to map their claims relative to those of other people, it is important to know how to summarize effectively what those other people say."
This quote is stating that summarizing others' points of view is necessary when arguing because people with strong claims need to map out their opposition's argument. This quote stood out to me because it brought to mind a thought that felt like common knowledge but was useful to hear out loud. It also helped me think about the times where I have had to summarize someone else's argument in a debate.
Quote 2: "Whenever you enter into a conversation with others in your writing, then, it is extremely important that you go back to what those others have said, that you study it very closely, and that you not confuse it with something you already believe."
This quote is stating that when in a conversation, a person must listen to what others have written or said and play it back in their mind's so you don't confuse what they said with an idea that you already have in your head. This quote is very useful to me because it makes sense and it stands out when reading the text. A connection I have with this is the fact that this has happened to me in real life when arguing with other people and they misapprehend my words and twist what I said for their benefit.
Quote 3: " To do justice to the authors you cite, we recommend that when summarizing—or when introducing
a quotation—you use vivid and precise signal verbs as often as possible. Though “he says” or “she believes” will sometimes be the most appropriate language for the occasion, your text will often be more accurate and lively if you tailor your verbs to suit the precise actions you’re describing."
This quote is purposing the idea that when having strong writing, it is important to use stronger words other than " he says," because the more tailored your verbs are, the better it will describe what is happening in the text. This quote stood out to me because it is previous knowledge and it was easy to comprehend.

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Quote 1: " One of the best ways to do so is by not only summarizing what “they say,” as suggested in Chapter 2, but by quoting their exact words. Quoting someone else’s words gives a tremendous amount of credibility to your summary and helps ensure that it is fair and accurate. In a sense, then, quotations function as a kind of proof of evidence, saying to readers: “Look, I’m not just making this up. She makes this claim and here it is in her exact words.”

This quote is stating that another way to show credibility and to restate an excerpt from a text is not only summarizing but also just directly pasting the exact words from the text. Copying the text in the same words works as proof that the words are authentic. I chose this quote because it made me think about how much I prefer directly pasting the exact words from texts more than trying to summarize on my own.

Quote 2: " Some writers quote too little perhaps because they don’t want to bother going back to the original text and looking up the author’s exact words, or because they think they can reconstruct the author’s ideas from memory. At the opposite extreme are writers who so over quote that they end up with texts that are short on commentary of their own maybe because they lack confidence in their ability to comment on the quotations, or because they don’t fully understand what they’ve quoted and therefore have trouble explaining what the quotations mean."

This part from the text is talking about the different extremities that some writers often do which can be detrimental to their writing. On one hand, some will under quote which gives the impression that they are too lazy to go back into the original text and some will make the mistake of quoting too much which gives the impression that they are not comprehending the text well. This quote stood out to me because I never really thought about it that way and it is helping me identify the mistakes I make in my writing.

Quote 3:  " Before you can select appropriate quotations, you need to have a sense of what you want to do with them—that is, how they will support your text at the particular point where you insert them. Be careful not to select quotations just for the sake of demonstrating that you’ve read the author’s work; you need to make sure they support your own argument."

This part of the text is speaking about the importance of using the right quotes that positively affect your writing and aren't random. I chose this quote because it stood out to me and made me think. It helped me realize how many times I have put miscellaneous quotes in my writing that might have not helped develop or support my argument.

Quote 4: " Since quotations do not speak
for themselves, you need to build a frame around them in which you do that speaking for them. Quotations that are inserted into a text without such a frame are sometimes called “dangling” quotations for the way they’re left dangling without any explanation. One teacher we’ve worked with, Steve Benton, calls these “hit-and-run” quotations, likening them to car accidents in which the driver speeds away and avoids taking responsibility for the dent in your fender or the smashed taillights, as in the figure that follows."

This particular part of the text is about using quotations in writing but not explaining the quotes and therefore referring to them as hit- and-run quotations because they are not taking responsibility and just leaving the quotes there. This quote stood out to me because I can make a connection with all the times that I have been tempted to paste a quote and not explain it out of pure laziness and me not fully comprehending the text.