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a court order to a person or agency holding someone in custody (such as a warden) to deliver the imprisoned individual to the court issuing the order and to show a valid reason for that person's detention.

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to certain appellate proceedings for re-examination of actions of a trial court, or inferior appeals court

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Separate but equal was a legal doctrine in United States constitutional law according to which racial segregation did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, adopted during the Reconstruction Era, which guaranteed "equal protection" under the law to all citizens.

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When southern legislatures passed laws of racial segregation directed against blacks at the end of the 19th century, these statutes became known as Jim Crow laws.

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the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.

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the action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart.

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a law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.

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the state of being subject only to laws established for the good of the community, especially with regard to freedom of action and speech.

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the ability to exercise judicial review by different courts at the same time, within the same territory, and over the same subject matter.

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the power of a higher court to review decisions and change outcomes of decisions of lower courts.

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the legally authorized killing of someone as punishment for a crime.

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a court is the power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.

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the temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on condition that a sum of money be lodged to guarantee their appearance in court.

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remedy or set right (an undesirable or unfair situation)

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refers to power of a court to adjudicate a case to the exclusion of all other courts.

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a concept in criminal law that applies to police interrogations of person who have been taken into custody.

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sets forth the decision of the court and an explanation of the rationale behind the court's decision.

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the prosecution of a person twice for the same offense.

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an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.

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a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.

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a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime.

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an opinion in a legal case in certain legal systems written by one or more judges expressing disagreement with the majority opinion of the court which gives rise to its judgment

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In law, a concurring opinion is in certain legal systems a written opinion by one or more judges of a court which agrees with the decision made by the majority of the court, but states different reasons as the basis for his or her decision.

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the official power to make legal decisions and judgments.

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a jury, normally of twenty-three jurors, selected to examine the validity of an accusation before trial.

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an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.

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a court that is subordinate to and whose decisions are subject to review by the highest court in a judicial system specifically : a court having limited and specified jurisdiction rather than general jurisdiction.