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There has been a steady increase in the sea levels recorded since the late 1800s till now. The main cause is the higher global temperatures that results in the melting of glaciers and ice caps in greenland and antarctica. Water is no longer held in solid form, being realised as liquid form. Hence this causes rise in sea level. In addition, higher temperatures cause water in seasto expand and this also contributes to the rise.Glaciers melt and cause a rise in sea level

Social problem
This has a negative impact on places where people live. over 600 million people live in areas less than 10m above sea level. Rising level threaten low-lying areas and island. 2/3 of the world's largest cities are located at coastal areas and are also at risk. 33% of coastal is likely to be lost in the next hundred years if the sea levels continue to rise at this rate.
As seawater reaches farther inland, it can cause destructive erosion,wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil contamination, and lost habitat for fish, birds, and plants.
Clean water would be contaminated as the rising sea crawls farther and farther up the shore, in many places it will seep into the freshwater sources in the ground that many coastal areas rely on for their drinking water. These underground water sources, called aquifers, are crucial springs of freshwater — in fact, groundwater accounts for most of the planet's freshwater.

Environmental problem
Salinity of soil
extinction of species
loss of marine lifeIslands are submerged by water, destroying habitat or housing for people

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Rising sea level is caused by melting of the glaciers due to global warming and Thermal expansion. When water heats up, it expands. About half of the past century's rise in sea level is attributable to warmer oceans simply occupying more space.(Thermal expansion)
Melting of ice caps

This would result in FLOODING and the land spaces on Earth would decrease, being swallowed by the water. All the beaches you see today would be submerged. 33% of coastal land and wetland habitats are  likely to be lost in the next hundred years if sea levels continue to rise at current rates. As seawater reaches farther inland, it can cause destructive erosion,wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil contamination, and lost habitat for fish, birds, and plants. The marine life would suffer too and corals would die.
Clean water would be contaminated as the rising sea crawls farther and farther up the shore, in many places it will seep into the freshwater sources in the ground that many coastal areas rely on for their drinking water. These underground water sources, called aquifers, are crucial springs of freshwater — in fact, groundwater accounts for most of the planet's freshwater.Flooding

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Increase in Severity and Frequency of Tropical Storms

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Increase in Severity and Frequency of Tropical Storms

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Sheralyn Tan
The increase in severity of tropical storms result in significant economic losses, destruction of properties and loss of lives. The people may have to relocate and lose their sense of belonging in an unfamiliar place.
The picture I chose shows a house destroyed after the 2005 Hurricane Wilma in Florida. The damage cost about $20.6 billion (2005 USD). The hurricane was part of the record-breaking 2005 Atlantic hurricane season, Wilma was the twenty-second storm, thirteenth hurricane, sixth major hurricane, fourth Category 5 hurricane, and second-most destructive hurricane of the 2005 season.

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Due to global warming, the condition of higher temperature and frequent rainfalls, allows insects like mosquitoes to thrive better. This is because adult mosquitoes like temperatures above 50 degrees, and the stagnant puddles of water provides a place for mosquitoes to breed. Hence this increases the existence of infectious insect-borne diseases such as malaria, zika and dengue

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Rise in sea level is caused mainly caused by thermal expansion. When water heats up, it expands. About half of the past century's rise in sea level is attributable to warmer oceans simply occupying more space.

The burning of fossil fuels and other human and natural activities has released enormous amounts of heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere. These emissions have caused the Earth's surface temperature to rise, and the oceans absorb about 80 percent of this additional heat. This also causes glaciers and polar ice caps to melt. Large ice formations, like glaciers and the polar ice caps, naturally melt back a bit each summer.

In the winter, snows, primarily from evaporated seawater, are generally sufficient to balance out the melting. Recently, though, persistently higher temperatures caused by global warming have led to greater-than-average summer melting as well as diminished snowfall due to later winters and earlier springs.

This imbalance results in a significant net gain in the ratio of runoff to ocean evaporation, causing sea levels to rise.

The rise of sea level results in destructive erosion, wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil contamination, and lost habitat for fish, birds, and plants.

When large storms hit land, higher sea levels mean bigger, more powerful storms that can strip away everything in their path.

In addition, hundreds of millions of people live in areas that will become increasingly vulnerable to flooding. Higher sea levels would force them to abandon their homes and relocate.

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With higher temperatures, it would be harder for crops to grow, hence there would be food shortage and people's immune system will be weaker due to having lesser nutrients. They would be more prone to diseases, especially infectious diseases. This encourages the spread of diseases.

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The high humidity levels allow the mosquito to breed quickly and rapidly, resulting in more mosquito-borne diseases spreading among people.

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Yew Huixin, Charlotte
When there is an increase in the severity and frequency of tropical storms, there is an increase in heavy rain, strong wind, large storm surges at landfall, and tornadoes. Even well inland, heavy rainfall can lead to mudslides and landslides in mountainous areas. Heavy rain can also cause flooding, leading to the destruction of many properties. When there is strong wind, tall trees tend to collapse and fall, sometimes falling on houses and consequently destroying them.

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A rise in sea level is likely due to melting of glaciers or increased amount of water pollution. The melting of glaciers will cause habitat loss for many animals, and also means that the temperature of the Earth has increased and the rate of Global Warming is increased as well. Water pollution is similar in which there will be less aquatic habitats for animals to live in, and less clean water for humans, animals and plants to survive on. The increased water levels will likely be able to "swallow" some low cities around watered areas, causing them to be wiped off the face of Earth, more natural disasters will occur, such as flooding, and soil erosion will also increase.

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Sea level rise is usually attributed to global climate change by thermal expansion of the water in the oceans and by melting of ice sheets and glaciers on land. This will affect Polar areas, thus destroying the habitat of arctic animals. The melting of floating ice shelves and icebergs at sea would also raise sea levels by about 4 cm.

Sea level rise factors might include tectonic effects, subsidence of the land, tides, currents, storms, etc. (basically climate change) Sea level rise is expected to continue for centuries. It has been estimated that we are already committed to a sea-level rise within the next 2,000 years of approximately 2.3 metres (7.5 ft) for each degree celsius of temperature rise

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Tricia Chong
As shown in this photo, there's more and more insects nowadays due to the loss of biodiversity and many of the insect predator's like frogs are becoming endangered and some species even extinct. Thus, with less predators there will be more mosquitoes which will result in more insect-borne diseases. Thus, the diseases will spread further and faster in a shorter period of time causing more people to suffer and die from these diseases.

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Climate change has resulted in decreased air quality, severe weather events, and many other environmental problems. Rising world temperatures are changing local weather events, and warmer weather can give rise to mosquito and insect populations, which spread diseases such as malaria and dengue fever. Changes in diverse environments lead to deviations in incidence and distribution of disease. Escalating temperatures may cause severe weather and extreme heat, resulting in injuries and heat-related illnesses.

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Main reasons for the rise in sea level.
- Thermal expansion (water expands when heated) caused by warming of the oceans
- Melting of glaciers and ice-caps due to increase in global temperature
* Global warming is the root cause of rising sea levels

Consequences of rising sea levels.
- Destructive erosion, wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil contamination and lost habitat for fish, birds, and plants
-  When large storms hit land, higher sea levels mean bigger and more powerful sea surges that can strip away everything in their path
-  Hundreds of millions of people live in areas that will become increasingly vulnerable to flooding. Higher sea levels would force them to abandon their homes and relocate. Low-lying islands could be submerged completely in the future. --> no sense of belonging
- No more polar environments --> extinction of animals.
- Salinity of oceans increases --> marine life

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Increase in Severity and Frequency of Tropical Storms

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Increase in Severity and Frequency of Tropical Storms

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Claire Chan
Changes in climate not only affect average temperatures, but also extreme temperatures, increasing the likelihood of weather-related natural disasters

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The spread of infectious insect-borne diseases is worsened with deforestation to construct new roads. When roads are built, culverts are formed, forming pools of water exposed to sunlight. These are ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Roads also bring outsiders to villages that have been largely isolated. If these newcomers carry malaria, mosquitoes could bite them, pick up the parasites and infect new victims.

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Climate change has a very negative impact as diseases would be more widespread. Firstly, deforestation will cause a loss of biodiversity as animals lose their homes. Hence there will be a loss of predators to feed on insects and the population of mosquitoes would increase. Mosquitoes can spread many types of diseases such as dengue and zika which will harm humans and even cause fatalities. More and more humans will fall sick due to viruses and diseases which would be bad for all of society.

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Human and natural activities and the burning of fossil fuels has released large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These emissions have caused the Earth's surface temperature to rise, and the oceans absorb about 80 percent of this additional heat.

Causes:

There are three main factors contributing to the rise in sea levels:

1. Thermal Expansion: When water heats up, it expands.

2. Melting Glaciers and Polar Ice Caps: Higher temperatures have led to greater melting of glaciers and polar ice caps as well as diminished snowfall due to later winters and earlier springs. This imbalance results in a significant net gain in the ratio of runoff to ocean evaporation, causing sea levels to rise.

3. Ice Loss from Greenland and West Antarctica: Increased heat is causing the massive ice sheets that cover Greenland and Antarctica to melt at an accelerated pace. Meltwater from above and seawater from below is seeping beneath Greenland's and West Antarctica's ice sheets, lubricating ice streams and causing them to move more quickly into the sea.

Consequences:

1. Loss of coastal habitats: As seawater reaches farther inland, it can cause destructive erosion, wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil contamination, and damages habitat for fish, birds, and plants.

2. Larger and More Frequent Storms: Higher sea levels mean bigger, more powerful storm surges that can strip away everything in their path.

3. Floods: Residential areas will become increasingly vulnerable to flooding. Higher sea levels would force people to abandon their homes and relocate. Low-lying islands could be submerged completely.

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global temperatures will increase and polar ice caps will melt, causing the sea level to rise and the ocean to cover many coastal cities (e.g. even Singapore is at risk), and land area would shrink significantly. there would be earthquakes and other unpredictable weather phenomenon like storms, droughts and even earthquakes. we would have to live farther inland and it could cause a mass displacement/refugee problem, likely causing civil unrest and chaos.

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The loss of trees during deforestation would reduce the number of predators that feed on insects due to their habitat loss. Thus the number of insects will increase, and insects carry diseases such as malaria and dengue. The increase in temperature would also cause insects to thrive. These diseases are transmitted through mosquitoes which cannot survive in cold temperatures, and are climate sensitive. The extreme heat can also cause other sicknesses like heat stroke.

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Escalating temperatures may cause heat related illnesses like heat stroke. It will also cause sea levels to rise, which will influence the quality of the water, causing more instances of cholera and bacterial blooms.

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This is a picture of Hurricane HarveyAccording to the National Hurricane Center, Hurricane Harvey caused $125 billion in damage, affected the USA's GDP
Furthermore, at least 88 people died from the storm
It damaged 203,000 homes
https://www.thebalance.com/hurricane-harvey-facts-damage-costs-4150087

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Many common infectious diseases are known to be affected by climate variation.Vectors are organisms such as mosquitoes, ticks, flies and fleas, which are capable of transmitting infectious diseases between humans to animals, or vice versa
One of the most well known and pressing vector-borne diseases that are affected by climate change is malaria, the infected mosquitos that carry the malaria virus can only survive in environments of high humidity and heat, therefore, the rise of the global average temperature can provide conducive environments for the further spread of malaria.

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Climate change results in rising sea level as the increased temperature causes polar ice caps to melt. When the ice caps melt there are rising sea levels and more floods occur which then causes more death and destruction. Furthermore, there is lesser land for humans and animals to live on. Animals who live on the coast will also die.

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Due to climate change, the temperature increases and this creates a better environment for disease spreading mosquitoes. The increased rainfall and high humidity also causes more pools of stagnant water, thus there will be more mosquito breeding. Therefore there will be an increased spread of infectious insect-borne diseases such as dengue and zika.

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Storm-triggered landslides cause loss of life, property damage, and landscape alterations.Typhoons,hurricanes and intensive rain all trigger soil erosion and causes in to be unstable,causing a landslide.For instance, the remnants of Hurricane Camille in 1969 caused 109 deaths in central Virginia, after 600 mm of rain fell in mountainous terrain in 6 hours. More recently, on 8 August 2010, a rainstorm-induced landslide devastated the Chinese county of Zhouqu, causing more than 1000 deaths.

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Yuhanna
Sea levels have been steadily increasing since the late 1800s due to the higher temperatures, causing glaciers to melt ( Greenland and Antarctica ). This meltwater results in a rise in sea level. With a rise in sea level, this affects people's lives negatively as there is lesser land for the population mass.

Consequences:

1) When sea levels rise rapidly, as they have been doing, even a small increase can have devastating effects on coastal habitats. As seawater reaches farther inland, it can cause destructive erosion, wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil contamination, and lost habitat for fish, birds, and plants.

2) When large storms hit land, higher sea levels mean bigger, more powerful storm surges that can strip away everything in their path.

In addition, hundreds of millions of people live in areas that will become increasingly vulnerable to flooding. Higher sea levels would force them to abandon their homes and relocate. Low-lying islands could be submerged completely.

3) It will contaminate our drinking water. As the rising sea crawls farther and farther up the shore, in many places it will seep into the freshwater sources in the ground that many coastal areas rely on for their drinking water. These underground water sources, called aquifers, are crucial springs of freshwater — in fact, groundwater accounts for most of the planet's freshwater. Saltwater is unsafe to drink, and while it is possible to remove the salt from water, doing so is an expensive and complicated process. Some communities are already investing in costly desalination plants in anticipation of hard times ahead. San Diego County in drought-stricken California is building the largest seawater desalination plant in the western hemisphere, and the MIT Technology Review reports that the plant will cost about $1 billion. These kinds of costly projects may be unrealistic for coastal communities on a large scale.

4) It will interfere with farming
Those same freshwater sources we use for drinking also supply the water we use for irrigation. The problems here are the same: The intruding sea could make these groundwater sources saltier. Saltwater can stunt or even kill crops, but creating freshwater from saltwater is a costly and unsustainable practice.

In a twist of irony, recent research has suggested that pumping freshwater from the ground for human use may actually be contributing to a rise in sea levels. After the groundwater has been used — for drinking, irrigation, or other industrial purposes — it is often discarded into the ocean, where it adds to the already-growing volume of water lapping at our shores.

5) It will change our coastal plant life. More saltwater hitting our shores will change the chemistry of the soil on the coast, meaning the plant life there will most likely change as well.

Plants are really sensitive to their environments. Air temperature, access to water, and the chemical characteristics of soil are all factors that influence whether a plant can thrive in a given location.

As rising ocean water seeps into the ground, the soil near the coast will become saltier. Some plants will simply be unable to cope with the change in soil salinity and may disappear from the shoreline.

It will threaten wildlife populations
Many forms of wildlife make their home on the beach. As the rising ocean erodes the shoreline and floods the areas in which coastal animals live, animals like shorebirds and sea turtles will suffer.

Their delicate nests may be swept away by flooding, an especially big problem for endangered animals like sea turtles that can't afford to lose any offspring. Their habitats may be so damaged by flooding or changes in the surrounding plant life that they can no longer survive in the environment.

6) It will hurt the economy
The tourism and real-estate industries in coastal areas are likely to take a hit as prime beachfront properties and recreational areas are washed away by rising waters. This is a fact that some involved in these industries are finding hard to swallow.

North Carolina is a prime example of the conflict between climate science and economic interests. Several years ago, a team of North Carolina scientists published a report predicting a three-foot increase in sea level by the end of the century — bad news for the popular (and often expensive) North Carolina beaches, which earns them tourist money.

Pressured by economically minded local residents and real-estate stakeholders, the North Carolina government eventually passed a law banning coastal policymakers from using accelerated sea-level rise predictions to make decisions for their communities.

But such laws don't erase the fact that flooded beaches are no attraction for tourists or property buyers who, in the coming years, may see fit to take their business to less vulnerable areas.

Examples:
1) Hundreds of millions displaced within this century (Dasgupta 2009)

2) Coastal erosion in Nigeria (Okude 2006)

The image below portrays a graphic of how the increase of sea level could potentially affect people by the year 2100.

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With the increase in severity and frequency of tropical storms, there will be much more flooding, causing many people to lose their homes due to the flooding taking away their homes. This causes massive loss of property and tourists will stop coming to coastal places as they would all be underground, losing tourist dolla.

Additionally, with the added frequency of tropical storms, people in less developed countries could die through drowning, much like the Vietnam flash floods which took more than 43 lives in 2016.

(This pic ain't dat Vietnam flash floods, but ya get ma point eh)