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The title of the chapter alludes moral ambiguity and ideological confusion that is present in the novel. If communism and capitalism are paper clips or pins, then they both do the same, and yet in spite of this both ideologies a re willing to destroy each other.

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The chapter title refers to the events within the chapter in which In London, Liz receives a letter from Party Centre, an organisational headquarters for Communist party members, inviting her to visit Leipzig to exchange experiences with other Branch Secretaries there. Although Liz is a heartfelt believer in Communist ideology, she is suspicious of some of the Party’s rhetoric and methods. "She doubted whether all the good Germans were on one side and all the bad ones on the other. And it was the bad ones who had killed her father. Perhaps that was why the Party had chosen her—as a generous act of reconciliation." This shows that even through Liz's obliviousness, she is still wary of the potential threats that she might encounter. "She was suddenly filled with a feeling of warmth and gratitude towards the Party. They really were decent people and she was proud and thankful to belong." However, Liz feels a sense of belonging after being around like minded individuals which alleviates her anxiety which could be contrasted to the events of the time after WWII.

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"We cannot build Commmunism with doing away with individualism. You cannot plan a great building if some swine builds his sty on your site"

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Half a million liquidated is a statistic, and one man killed in a traffic accident is a statistic (   

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Half a million liquidated is a statistic, and one man killed in a traffic accident is a statistic (   

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This quote depicts the clearly dismissive attitude leaders of the communist world had towards those they ruled over. It also reflects the fact that both the west and East were motivated primarily by a pursuit of power, rather than
an ideological conviction or a desire to better their country folk.

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Liz fears she is about to be killed or tortured by the anti-Semitic Mundt, but he is actually delivering her to Leamas and (at least temporary) safety. Because he is an agent of the Circus, he is under orders to oversee Leamas’s escape, and Leamas is obviously too loyal to Liz to leave without her. Mundt betraying his values in order to save himself, and loyal to the Circus.

"She's trash, like Fiedler"

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Liv has always been an intellectual communist, and when she confronts the Stalinist USSR's treatment of intellectuals "if a couple of writers had been shot in time" she begins to question the ethicality of this world and whether it can be the vision of intellectuals if it persecutes intellectuals

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Why did it have to be Feidler  - why not the old man who asked the questions , or the fair one in front the front row between the soliders, the one who smiled all the time.'

The rhetorical question , highlights the moral confusion of the Cold war, where there was a lack of discernabillity between those who propspered and survivied and those who are culled.

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Leamas

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“There is no-one else in the room- Just Leamas tall and straight like a soldier”

Liz’s tangible feelings of isolation during the tribunal, an atmosphere of disconnection from human connection as a whole.  The scene is set, with the only life in the room being Leamas, Liz and the wide malevolent space which keeps them separated

“ Go back to England” Fiedler said to her “You go back to England”

Links into Leamas statement earlier in the novel, when he recognises England as the place where he must endeavour when he is released from the cold. He must find the banality, the monotony, the security of a different land, added to his desire to be with Liz in the warmth of western democracy (Which is ironic in its own right- Democracy is critically untrustworthy throughout the novel )

“ The pretence of going to pieces: drink, money troubles, the rumours that i had robbed the till. It all hung together… you dug your own graves”’

Reveals Leamas’s disguise, the facade of his act

“All cats are alike in the dark… “

Leamas makes connotations to spies being like cats, an intriguing metaphor. On one hand cats are territorial, they slip in and out of situations, have little regard for boundaries and are often found in isolation. Most importantly, the line specifies that in the darkness of the night all spies, and humans for that matter, are inherently the same

“He said it might start a reaction we couldn't stop… Thats what i cant make out, why they paid off the bills, the girl and all that. It must have been Smiley wrecking the operation on purpose… he must have had a crisis of conscience.”

Builds up the revelation of Leamas later in the chapter, in which Control and the Circus use Leamas as a pawn

“ We’d planned the thing as if it was all a bit of a game… We knew we had our backs to the wall: We’d failed against Mundt and now we were going to try and kill him. But it was a game”

A critical comment linking into the childishness of the spy’s operation. The absurdity, which permeates the novel, is obviously that the defamation of one's character is simply a game to the world of espionage. It is not a matter of ethics or righteousness, but a matter of challenge; an opportunity to outwit and destroy the opposition

“You know, you must know, all of you, what Mundt’s reputation is, what he thinks of Jews”

The complacency of the spies in regards to anti-semetism is telling of an era imbued with anarchy. Everyone knows Mundts dogma, but is either too scared, cares too little or is a benefactor of his endeavours and status

“Fielder’s all right, i tell you… Ideologically sound, that's the expression isn't it”

This is a rarity in the novel, to have a character who actually stands for something and fights for personal perceptions of justice. This makes his demise even more prophetic about the futility of ‘goodness’ in an era where the line is blurred.

“An old dog like Leamas, engaged in the crowning operation of his career falls for a … frustrated little girl in a crockpot library”

An apt description of Leamas’s failure. He is a man with an erudite understanding of human dealings, and he is able to completely disconnected himself from the world, even the wife and children he no longer cares for. But Liz crakes this steel, seeps her way into his heart, resulting in a mutual demise

“And suddenly, with a terrible clarity of a man too long deceived, Leams understood the whole ghastly trick”

The eureka moment- It is the moment when the fickle nature of the entire operation is revealed. Leamas up until this moment has been a pawn in a chess match, even though he thought the game was checkers. It's better than most, those who don't even realise their playing.