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-- German reparations
--Expansion of production capacities and dominance of the United States in the global economy
--. High protective tariffs
-- Excessive expansion of credit
--. Stock Market Crash (1929)

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-High unemployment in industrial countries -
- Bank failures and collapse of credit
- Collapse of prices in world trade
-Nazi Party’s growing importance in Germany; Nazi Party’s blame of European Jews for economic collapse

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Economic dislocations following World War I led to unstable political conditions. Worldwide depression in the 1930s provided opportunities for the rise of dictators in the Soviet Union, Germany, Italy, and Japan

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--JOSEPH STALIN

Entrenchment of communism

Stalin’s policies (five-year plans, collectivization of farms, state industrialization, secret police) Great Purge

-- ADOLF HITLER
• Inflation and depression
• Democratic government weakened
• Anti-Semitism
• Extreme nationalism
• National Socialism (Nazism)
• German occupation of nearby countries
-BENITO MUSSOLINI
• Rise of fascism
• Ambition to restore the glory of Rome
• Invasion of Ethiopia
--HIROHITO AND HIDEKI TOJO
• Militarism
• Industrialization of Japan, leading to drive for raw materials
• Invasion of Korea, Manchuria, and the rest of China

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a 20th-century avant-garde movement in art and literature that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind

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campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union which occurred from 1936 to 1938

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political philosophy, movement, or regime that exalts nation and often race above the individual

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a tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen; a lack of hope or confidence in the future

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outlaw of alcohol during 1920s